File:Robert Benson Bowman.jpg

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Summary[edit]

Media data and Non-free use rationale
Description	Seated portrait photograph of Robert Benson Bowman, fully bearded, with brimmed hat.
Author or copyright owner	not known
Source (WP:NFCC#4)	Original publication: not known, acknowledged to Newcastle-upon-Tyne City Libraries Immediate source: http://www.nhsn.ncl.ac.uk/news/wp-content/uploads/Trans64p3-161-168-Bowman.pdf
Date of publication	not known; taken about 1860
Use in article (WP:NFCC#7)	Robert Benson Bowman
Purpose of use in article (WP:NFCC#8)	for visual identification of the person in question, at the top of his/her biographical article
Not replaceable with free media because (WP:NFCC#1)	None is known: this may be the only image of Bowman in existence.
Minimal use (WP:NFCC#3)	It is the only image of Bowman on Wikipedia, and the only one in this article. It is at low resolution.
Respect for commercial opportunities (WP:NFCC#2)	There is no sign of any such.
Other information	The subject of the photograph has been deceased since: 1882 Given its apparent age it may well already be copyright free.
Fair useFair use of copyrighted material in the context of Robert Benson Bowman//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Robert_Benson_Bowman.jpgtrue

Licensing[edit]

This photograph is copyrighted and is NOT under a free license. However, it is believed that the use of this work in the article "Robert Benson Bowman":

to provide visual identification of one or more specific individual(s), or an identifiable gathering of them,
where the individual(s) concerned are deceased, or where access would for practical purposes be impossible,
and for whom there is no known representation under a 'free' license,
on the English-language Wikipedia, hosted on servers in the United States by the non-profit Wikimedia Foundation,

qualifies as fair use under United States copyright law. Any other uses of this image, on Wikipedia or elsewhere, may be copyright infringement. See Wikipedia:Non-free content and Wikipedia:Copyrights.
Fair use

File history

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	Date/Time	Thumbnail	Dimensions	User	Comment
current	15:26, 29 November 2012		282 × 350 (23 KB)	Chiswick Chap (talk \| contribs)	Uploading a non-free historic portrait using File Upload Wizard

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File usage

The following pages on the English Wikipedia use this file (pages on other projects are not listed):

Robert Benson Bowman