Maite Pagazaurtundúa

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Maite Pagazaurtundúa
Maite Pagazaurtundúa (MEP)
Member of the European Parliament
Assumed office
1 July 2014
ConstituencySpain
Personal details
Born (1965-02-11) 11 February 1965 (age 59)
Hernani, Spain
Political partySpanish Socialist Workers' Party (1993–2005)
Union, Progress and Democracy (2014–2020)
Independent (linked to Citizens since 2020)
OccupationPolitician
AwardsSakharov Prize (2000)
Order of Constitutional Merit (2003)

María Teresa "Maite" Pagazaurtundúa Ruiz (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈmajte paɣaθawɾtunˈdu.a]; born 11 February 1965,[1] Hernani, Guipuzcoa), better known as Maite Pagazaurtundúa or Maite Pagaza, is a Spanish politician, activist and writer. For ten years, she has been an MEP in the European Parliament, where she has been a member of the political groups Renew Europe (2019-2024, as an independent member of Citizens Europe) and ALDE (2014-2019, as a member of UPyD) .

Her work has been focused on the defense of the Rule of Law and fundamental rights, as well as the fight against terrorism, foreign interference and harmful disinformation aimed at overthrowing democratic systems.

Biography[edit]

She was born in Hernani in 1965. Her mother, Pilar Ruiz, was a war refugee and, after the assassination of her son,  became a reference for freedom in the Basque Country. She is the youngest of three siblings. One of them, Joseba Pagazaurtundúa, was murdered by ETA in 2003 after nine years of threats, harassment and aggressions.[2][3]

She studied at the Urumea Ikastola in Hernani (1968-1979) and graduated in Hispanic Philology and Basque Philology from the University of Deusto. She also studied Law in Basque at the UPV. She suffered recurring harassment and threats for her political stance, and after aggression in the faculty she was forced to stop attending in-person classes.

In 1996 she established hes residence in San Sebastián to avoid the extreme risks in her hometown. After years of harassment, persecution and aggressions and, especially after the murder of her brother Joseba, she moved with her family, on police recommendation, out of the Basque Country in 2007. She is married and has two daughters.

She has participated in different social movements and initiatives for civil liberties in Spain and other countries. Se has spent decades fighting terrorism, hate speech and compulsory nationalism. The cost of her public stance in the front line against terrorists meant a high degree of harassment, threats and aggressions of physical and symbolic violence, forcing her to live under police escort for 13 years.

Her activity has been recognized with multiple awards such as the Sakharov Prize for Human Rights in 2000 - as a founding member of ¡Basta Ya!- or the Medal of the Order of Constitutional Merit in 2003. In 2005 she was part of a collective candidacy for the Nobel Peace Prize.[4]

Political career[edit]

Her political commitment began in the PSE-EE (PSOE), where she carried out various functions until she left the party due to deep disagreements with the leadership.

Between 1993 and 1998 she was a member of the Basque Parliament, where during the IV Legislature (1993 - 1994) she was a member of the Industry and Agriculture Commission, of the Education and Culture Commission and of the Human Rights Commission. In the V Legislature she was a member of the Education and Culture Committee, of the Incompatibilities Committee and vice-president of the Parliamentary Control Committee of EITB (the Basque Autonomous Community's public broadcast service). Likewise, she was president of the special commission against Drug Addictions. During her time in Basque politics she promoted that Basque hospitals apply protocols to promote breastfeeding.

She was also Secretary of Education and Culture of the PSE between 1993 and 1997, as well as advisor on Linguistic Policy to Fernando Buesa in the Department of Education of the Basque Government.

Between 1999 and 2007 she was a councilwoman and municipal spokesman for the PSE-EE in Urnieta, a town where she denounced several cases of corruption of the Basque Nationalist Party.

Her distancing from the PSOE occurred gradually when the PSOE embraced the theses of Jesús Eguiguren, who sought to bring the party closer to radical Basque nationalism. Subsequently this divide grew further, due to the anti-terrorist policy undertaken by the government of José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero and the PSOE, as well as the relations of Patxi López and the PSE-EE with the Basque nationalist and abertzale environment, showing her reticence towards the contacts maintained with Batasuna and the political negotiations with ETA and its environment, after the "so-called" permanent ceasefire announced by ETA. In May 2005, together with the widow of her brother Joseba Pagazaurtundúa, Estíbaliz Garmendia, the also socialist councilman in Miravalles, Nicolás Gutiérrez, the then PSOE MEP Rosa Díez, the philosopher Fernando Savater and the professor Mikel Iriondo, she sent an open letter to Patxi López reproaching him for the treatment given to María San Gil, of the Popular Party, in front of the EHAK parliamentarians, in his round of parliamentary contacts.[5]

In November 2013, she participated in the II Congress of Unión Progreso y Democracia (UpyD). On February 5, 2014, she announced together with Rosa Díez that she would run for the European elections in the number 2 position on the UPyD list as an independent, just after Francisco Sosa Wagner[6], to whom she later dedicated a fisking.[7]

After obtaining the seat of MEP, she joined UPyD on September 3, 2014. In October 2014, she was appointed spokesperson of the Union for Progress and Democracy delegation to the European Parliament, replacing Francisco Sosa Wagner.[8][9]

Through an electoral collaboration agreement between UPyD and Ciudadanos, Maite Pagazaurtundúa joined as an independent in the number 2 position on the Ciudadanos list for the 2019 European Parliament elections, obtaining the seat of MEP and, while maintaining her affiliation to UPyD, joining the European Ciudadanos delegation within the Renew Europe political group.

Activism[edit]

Maite Pagaza has participated in different social movements and initiatives for freedom both in Spain and in other countries. She has specialized in public work for civil liberties and human rights, as well as against terrorism and fanaticism. She has been active in civic associations in support of victims of terrorism in Spain.[10]

¡Basta Ya![edit]

In 1998, together with other Basque intellectuals, politicians and citizens of diverse ideologies and occupations, she was one of the founders of ¡Basta Ya! (English: Enough is enough!), a Spanish citizens' initiative born with the triple purpose of opposing terrorism in any of its forms, supporting its victims and defending the rule of law, the Spanish Constitution and the Statute of Autonomy of the Basque Country.[11] Other prominent members of the initiative were Fernando Savater, Joseba Pagazaurtundúa (murdered by ETA in 2003), Consuelo Ordóñez, Arcadi Espada, Carmen Iglesias, Javier Urguizu, Mikel Azurmendi, Iñaki Ezkerra, Agustín Ibarrola, María San Gil and Rosa Díez.

This initiative was characterized by bringing to the field of the defense of liberties and fight against terrorism novel and dynamic forms of activism and vindication: demonstrations[12], caravans[13] , poster sticking, publication of the online magazine "Hasta aquí" (Up to here)...

The work of this group of citizens was recognized in 2000 by the Sakharov Prize for the defense of Human Rights awarded by the European Parliament[14], with ¡Basta Ya! being the first european citizens' association to receive this award. On December 13, at a solemn session in Strasbourg, the prize was collected by the philosopher Fernando Savater, the natural leader of the group, who explained the reason for the initiative:

¨We have taken to the streets and raised our voices because we are convinced that, when democracy is in danger, citizens cannot take refuge in their anonymity and meekly wait for everything to be resolved in the upper echelons of political power. "[15]

President of the Fundación de Víctimas del Terrorismo (Foundation for Victims of Terrorism )[edit]

She was the president of the Fundación de Víctimas del Terrorismo between 2005 and 2012, the year in which, after the change of government and the arrival of Mariano Rajoy (PP) to the Moncloa, she was replaced by María del Mar Blanco.

During her mandate she promoted the publication of the book ¨Vidas Rotas. Historia de los hombres, mujeres y niños víctimas de ETA¨, which chronicles all the murders committed by the terrorist group. The head of communications at the Foundation for Victims of Terrorism, Fernando Delgado, discovered that there were more than 300 unsolved cases of ETA murders. She hired a young lawyer to corroborate the data and led, with a group of victims, the constant work for more than two years to make the Audiencia Nacional (National Court) aware of the situation. Finally, the Prosecutor's Office of the Audiencia Nacional, with Javier Zaragoza at the head, produced the first official table of cases whose material authorship of murder was not resolved. Victims' associations, mainly COVITE and Dignidad y Justicia, have not stopped working since then on this pending matter.

Joseba's mailbox[edit]

In February 2015, during the tribute to Joseba Pagazaurtundúa in Andoain on the twelfth anniversary of his assassination by ETA, his family installed a small white mailbox next to the sculpture by Agustín Ibarrola in memory of Joseba. The mailbox, known as Joseba's Mailbox, wants to give the inhabitants of Andoáin who cried out for ETA to kill the neighbors of the town who did not think like them, the opportunity to assume their responsibility. Pagazaurtundúa herself appealed to all those who felt challenged by the mailbox to deposit their letters -anonymous if they preferred- acknowledging their share of responsibility for the harassment and persecution of so many people.

The City Council wanted to remove the mailbox, but, faced with the arguments put forward by the family, did not dare to do so. Many people supported the continuity of the mailbox, among them the Ombudsman, Soledad Becerril.[16] Finally, the opposition groups in the Andoain City Council supported the non-removal of the mailbox. In addition, the physical mailbox has subsequently been completed with a virtual one (http://www.elbuzondejoseba.org/) that has allowed the message for collective memory and against impunity to reach all corners of Spain.

The initiative was launched with letters from intellectuals such as Fernando Aramburu, Mario Vargas Llosa, Fernando Savater, Félix de Azúa or Arcadi Espada, as well as other figures such as Cayetana Álvarez de Toledo, Consuelo Ordóñez, Iñaki Arteta or Rosa Díez.  Most of the letters were from citizens who wanted to show their support for the Pagazaurtundúa family and all the victims of terrorism. Some anonymous letters also arrived from repentant citizens, recognizing their part of responsibility for the persecution suffered by non-nationalists in the Basque Country.[17]

Member of European Parliament[edit]

Pagazaurtundúa was an active MEP in Brussels from 2014 to 2024, during two legislatures, the first for UPyD and the second for Ciudadanos. Her work  continued to be committed to the defense of freedom, the fight against terrorism and radicalization or the promotion of human rights and justice, as well as the quality of the rule of law against the risks of illiberal populisms of all types.

Pagazaurtundúa has advocated building bridges between different political groups and finding pragmatic solutions to the challenges facing the European Union to advance the human rights, security and justice agenda in Europe. In addition, she has been an advocate for international cooperation and solidarity among EU member states.

Between 2014 and 2019 (VIII Legislature of the European Parliament), within the UPyD delegation, she was a member of the LIBE Committee on Civil Liberties, Justice and Home Affairs, the DROI subcommittee on Human Rights and the DEVE Committee on Development. Subsequently, she became a member of the AFCO Committee on Constitutional Affairs, where she worked in particular on European Citizenship issues. She was also a member of the Panama Papers Committee of Iniquiry (PANA) on Money Laundering and Tax Avoidance and Evasion and the Special Committee on Financial Crime and Tax Evasion and Avoidance (TAX3), as well as the Special Committee on Terrorism (TERR).

In 2019, Pagazaurtundúa ran in the European elections again, as an independent MEP on the lists of Ciudadanos Europa. Between 2019 and 2024, she continued her work in the European Parliament as vice-chair of the Committee on Civil Liberties, Justice and Home Affairs and member of the Committee on Constitutional Affairs. In addition, she became a member of the Committee on Petitions (PETI) and the Special Committee on Foreign Interference in Democratic Processes (INGE).

Combating hate crimes[edit]

In the framework of her parliamentary activity, she has led as rapporteur the report of the European Parliament on the Extending the list of EU crimes to hate speech and hate crime , which urges the Council to adopt a decision to include hate speech and hate crimes in the list of criminal offences referred to in Article 83(1) TFEU.

European Citizenship[edit]

Pagazaurtundúa has also been rapporteur for the report on the Implementation of Treaty provisions on EU citizenship, which advocates for putting the citizen at the heart of the system by tackling the remaining obstacles to the full exercise of the major freedoms and EU citizenship.

Committee on Petitions[edit]

As a member of the Committee on Petitions, the only parliamentary committee to which European citizens can address their complaints and grievances, Pagazaurtundúa has promoted and been part of several delegations of MEPs who have traveled to Spain to investigate situations of violation of civil liberties and fundamental rights, which have led to condemnations by the European Parliament in its reports:

Rule of Law in Spain[edit]

Pagazaurtundua has carried out work to protect the rule of law and the separation of powers as a European matter, defending the independence of the judiciary on the basis that it is the backbone of the rule of law, since it is a precondition for guaranteeing effective judicial protection and avoiding arbitrariness and abuses by any government or public power. She has supported Spanish judges and prosecutors who have denounced pressure and explicit threats from the central and autonomous Catalan political power. [18]

Russian interference in Catalonia[edit]

Pagazaurtundúa has denounced before the European Union the Russian connections with Catalan secessionism. Her work prompted the European Parliament to denounce in the INGE Committee reports the "close and regular contacts between Russian officials and representatives of a group of Catalan secessionists in Spain", requesting "an in-depth investigation" and noting that these "form part of Russia's broader strategy to seize any and every opportunity to manipulate the discourse in order to promote destabilization".[19][20][21] In addition, the Parliament also requested a mandate from the European Centre of Excellence for Countering Hybrid Threats (Hybrid CoE) to conduct a study of the case of Russian interference in Catalonia.[22]  

Support for civil and political liberties in Venezuela[edit]

In November 2015, she promoted the manifesto "Intellectuals for Venezuela", which gathered more than a hundred supporters from intellectuals of the caribbean country to demand that the regime of Nicolás Maduro accept the result of the elections. To do so, she joined intellectuals and writers such as Mario Vargas Llosa, Alberto Barrera Tyszka, Juan Carlos Méndez Guédez, Doménico Chiape, Oscar Lucien.

Initiatives for the 2oth anniversary of ¡Basta Ya![edit]

In 2020, on the occasion of the 20th anniversary of ¡Basta ya!, Pagaza launched the website ¡Basta ya! 2020, which includes the history of this group of free citizens, as well as a photographic exhibition by Justy García Koch[23], an archive of the magazine "Hasta aquí", photographs, videos...

In January 2022, she organized at the European Parliament a commemoration of ¡Basta ya!, which included the installation of the "tunnel of hate"[24], curated by José Ibarrola, a sensory experience where the sound of hatred reproduced the oppression and harassment of exclusionary ethno-nationalism that terrorized for decades the streets of the Basque Country and Navarra and some brave citizens who rise with the Sakharov Prize of the European Parliament.

In 2024, Maite Pagaza's parliamentary office produced the documentary "¡Basta ya!: Resistencia democrática. Conversaciones en la librería Lagun"[25], made by Juan Vadillo. The work was premiered in Madrid on January 26, 2024[26].

Writer and columnist[edit]

She has published regularly since the nineties in the Spanish and international press[27]. She collaborated for several years in Grupo VOCENTO and in the magazine Yo Dona.

She has written and published several books:

  • The Pagazas Story of a Basque family (Temas de Hoy, 2004), a biographical work depicting the story of her family and how they lived through her brother's murder. The author makes a portrait of Basque society in the face of violent harassment of non-nationalists.
  • The sensitive widower and other secrets (Seix Barral, 2005), a compilation of short stories.
  • Aralda (Espasa, 2010)
  • Operación Cochinillo (Editorial Espasa, 2014), a satirical work about corruption in Spain.
  • Lluvia de fango (Confluencias, 2016): a compilation of his press articles in the Basque press.

Courses and seminars[edit]

 Throughout her career, she has participated as a speaker in various courses and seminars at spanish and foreign universities, including the Universidad Pontificia de Comillas, Universidad CEU San Pablo, Universidad Complutense and the Spanish Diplomatic School. She was a lecturer from 2009 to 2013 in the courses of the Spanish Armed Forces General Staff at CESEDEN (Centro Superior de Estudios de la Defensa Nacional).

References[edit]

  1. ^ Profile, votewatch.eu. Accessed 24 April 2022.
  2. ^ País, El (2001-09-12). "Incendiados ocho coches en un ataque contra el jefe de la policía local de Andoain". El País (in Spanish). ISSN 1134-6582. Retrieved 2024-05-13.
  3. ^ País, El (2001-09-12). "Incendiados ocho coches en un ataque contra el jefe de la policía local de Andoain". El País (in Spanish). ISSN 1134-6582. Retrieved 2024-05-13.
  4. ^ "women and life on earth - information". www.wloe.org. Retrieved 2024-05-13.
  5. ^ "elmundo.es - 'No merecía que la humillaras vanamente'". www.elmundo.es. Retrieved 2024-05-13.
  6. ^ KADNER, MARIÉN (2014-02-05). "UPyD incorpora a Maite Pagaza como 'número dos' en la lista de las europeas". El País (in Spanish). ISSN 1134-6582. Retrieved 2024-05-13.
  7. ^ "'Fisking' desde Bruselas a las desmemorias de Sosa | espana | EL MUNDO". ELMUNDO (in Spanish). 2015-04-27. Retrieved 2024-05-13.
  8. ^ "UPyD aparta a Sosa Wagner por su enfrentamiento con Rosa Díez". ELMUNDO (in Spanish). 2014-10-15. Retrieved 2024-05-13.
  9. ^ Press, Europa (2015-11-23). "Pagazaurtundúa (UPyD), nombrada vicepresidenta del grupo liberal en la Eurocámara". www.europapress.es. Retrieved 2024-05-13.
  10. ^ País, El (2000-12-14). "¡Basta Ya! recibe el Premio Sajarov del Parlamento Europeo". El País (in Spanish). ISSN 1134-6582. Retrieved 2024-05-13.
  11. ^ Savater, Fernando (2000-12-14). "Alocución de Estrasburgo". El País (in Spanish). ISSN 1134-6582. Retrieved 2024-05-13.
  12. ^ "Más de 100.000 personas en la manifestación de San Sebastián, según Basta Ya". Diario ABC (in Spanish). 2002-10-19. Retrieved 2024-05-13.
  13. ^ "¡Basta Ya! recorre el país en autobús para explicar su postura contra el 'plan Ibarretxe'". El País (in Spanish). 2004-01-31. ISSN 1134-6582. Retrieved 2024-05-13.
  14. ^ "Around the world | Laureates | Sakharov Prize | European Parliament". sakharovprize. Retrieved 2024-05-13.
  15. ^ Savater, Fernando (2000-12-14). "Alocución de Estrasburgo". El País (in Spanish). ISSN 1134-6582. Retrieved 2024-05-13.
  16. ^ Pueblo, Defensor del. "El buzón de Joseba | Defensor del Pueblo". www.defensordelpueblo.es (in Spanish). Retrieved 2024-05-13.
  17. ^ LÓPEZ, ELISA (2015-02-23). ""Yo miré para otro lado. Lo siento y me avergüenzo"". El Correo (in Spanish). Retrieved 2024-05-13.
  18. ^ "Jueces y fiscales piden ayuda a la UE por el "peligroso antecedente" de amnistiar corrupción". La Razón (in Spanish). 2024-04-04. Retrieved 2024-05-13.
  19. ^ "Texts adopted - Foreign interference in all democratic processes in the European Union - Wednesday, 9 March 2022". www.europarl.europa.eu. Retrieved 2024-05-13.
  20. ^ "Texts adopted - Foreign interference in all democratic processes in the European Union, including disinformation - Thursday, 1 June 2023". www.europarl.europa.eu. Retrieved 2024-05-13.
  21. ^ "Texts adopted - Recommendations for reform of the European Parliament's rules on transparency, integrity, accountability and anti-corruption - Thursday, 13 July 2023". www.europarl.europa.eu. Retrieved 2024-05-13.
  22. ^ "Texts adopted - Foreign interference in all democratic processes in the European Union, including disinformation - Thursday, 1 June 2023". www.europarl.europa.eu. Retrieved 2024-05-13.
  23. ^ "Justy García Koch". ¡Basta Ya! (in European Spanish). Retrieved 2024-05-13.
  24. ^ "Expo 23 Basta Ya". ¡Basta Ya! (in European Spanish). Retrieved 2024-05-13.
  25. ^ “Basta Ya. Resistencia democrática. Conversaciones en la librería Lagun”, de Maite Pagazaurtundua. Retrieved 2024-05-13 – via www.youtube.com.
  26. ^ Press, Europa (2024-01-26). "Parlamento Europeo.- Madrid acogerá hoy el preestreno del documental sobre la librería Lagun y el movimiento Basta Ya". www.europapress.es. Retrieved 2024-05-13.
  27. ^ PAÍS, Ediciones EL (2019-10-29). "Artículos escritos por Maite Pagazaurtundua". El País (in European Spanish). Retrieved 2024-05-13.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maite_Pagazaurtundúa&oldid=1223652046"