Portal:Iowa

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The Iowa Portal

Iowa (/ˈaɪ.əwə/ ^ⓘ EYE-ə-wə, Lakota: Ayúȟwa) is a landlocked state in the upper Midwestern region of the United States. It borders the Mississippi River to the east and the Missouri River and Big Sioux River to the west; Wisconsin to the northeast, Illinois to the east and southeast, Missouri to the south, Nebraska to the west, South Dakota to the northwest, and Minnesota to the north.

Iowa is the 26th largest in total area and the 31st most populous of the 50 U.S. states, with a population of 3,190,369, according to the 2020 census. The state's capital, most populous city, and largest metropolitan area fully located within the state is Des Moines. A portion of the larger Omaha, Nebraska, metropolitan area extends into three counties of southwest Iowa. Iowa has been listed as one of the safest U.S. states in which to live.

During the 18th and early 19th centuries, Iowa was a part of French Louisiana and Spanish Louisiana; its state flag is patterned after the flag of France. After the Louisiana Purchase, people laid the foundation for an agriculture-based economy in the heart of the Corn Belt.

In the latter half of the 20th century, Iowa's agricultural economy began to transition to a diversified economy of advanced manufacturing, processing, financial services, information technology, biotechnology, and green energy production. As of 2018, 22.6 million hogs outnumbered Iowans by more than 7 to 1 in 8,000 facilities large enough to require manure management plans. (Full article...)

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The Spirit Lake Massacre (March 8–12, 1857) was an attack by a Wahpekute band of Santee Sioux on scattered Iowa frontier settlements during a severe winter. Suffering a shortage of food, the renegade chief Inkpaduta (Scarlet Point) led 14 Sioux against the settlements near Okoboji and Spirit lakes in the northwestern territory of Iowa near the Minnesota border, in revenge of the murder of Inkpaduta's brother, Sidominadotah, and Sidominadotah's family by Henry Lott. The Sioux killed 35-40 settlers in their scattered holdings, took four young women captive, and headed north. The youngest captive, Abbie Gardner, was kept a few months before being ransomed in early summer. It was the last Native American attack on settlers in Iowa, but the events increased tensions between the Sioux and settlers in the Minnesota Territory.

Nearly 30 years after the events, in 1885 Gardner-Sharp published her memoir, History of the Spirit Lake Massacre and Captivity of Miss Abbie Gardner, which was reprinted seven times in small editions. It was one of the last captivity narratives written of European Americans' being held by Native Americans. In 1891, Gardner-Sharp purchased the primitive family cabin and returned home. For the last 30 years of her life, she subsisted on the modest earnings from her book and souvenir sales. The town erected a historical monument to commemorate the attack. The State of Iowa now maintains the park and Abbie Gardner Sharp home site. (Full article...)

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... that S. H. M. Byers not only coined the phrase "Sherman's March to the Sea", but also wrote Iowa's state song?
... that the Iowa Cow War started due to bovine tuberculosis testing?
... that American horticulturalist Joseph Lancaster Budd traveled to England, France, Austria, Russia, and China in 1882 to discover fruit trees that could grow in Iowa?
... that women's rights activist Susan B. Anthony spoke twice at the now defunct Academy of Music in Sioux City, Iowa, during the 1870s?
... that Benjamin F. Gue, who co-founded Iowa State University, allowed women to become students there despite much opposition?
... that Iowa radio station KTFC was partially powered by a wind turbine that the owner had bought from an Arizona wind farm?

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General images

The following are images from various Iowa-related articles on Wikipedia.

Image 1Harvesting corn in Jones County (from Iowa)
Image 2Merchants' National Bank in Poweshiek County, designed by Louis Sullivan (from National Register of Historic Places listings in Iowa)
Image 3Amana Colonies were founded by German Pietists (from Iowa)
Image 4Farm in rural Northwest Iowa (from Iowa)
Image 5Modern Woodmen Park is home to the Quad Cities baseball team (from Iowa)
Image 6Schaeffer Hall (University of Iowa, Iowa City) (from Iowa)
Image 7The Iowa Great Lakes located primarily in Dickinson County, in the northwestern section of Iowa near the Minnesota border (from Iowa)
Image 8Loess Hills east of Mondamin (from Iowa)
Image 9Iowa's major interstates, larger cities, and counties (from Iowa)
Image 10Bellevue along the Mississippi, 1848 (from Iowa)
Image 11Wood-heated floating sauna on the farm pond (from Iowa)
Image 12The Iowa Supreme Court, across from the capitol, is the state's highest court. (from Iowa)
Image 13Ruins of historic Fort Atkinson (from Iowa)
Image 14Fourth Street Historic District, in Woodbury County (from National Register of Historic Places listings in Iowa)
Image 15Historic Fourth Street, Sioux City (from Iowa)
Image 16View of Grotto of the Redemption's Lower Arcade: Small Stations of the Cross, West Bend
Image 17Riverside's "favorite son" (from Iowa)
Image 18The Christina Reiman Butterfly Wing at Iowa State University, Ames (from Iowa)
Image 19Iowa in 1718 with the modern state area highlighted (from Iowa)
Image 20Iowa Territorial Seal (from Iowa)
Image 21Iowa annual rainfall, in inches; as of 2009 (from Iowa)
Image 22Central Iowa cornfield and dairy in June (from Iowa)
Image 23Skyline of Des Moines, Iowa's capital and largest city (from Iowa)
Image 24Howes Building, in Clinton County (from National Register of Historic Places listings in Iowa)
Image 25Phil Hoffman House, in Mahaska County (from National Register of Historic Places listings in Iowa)
Image 26South End Zone of Iowa State University's Jack Trice Stadium in Ames, Iowa (from Iowa)
Image 27Excavation of the 3,800-year-old Edgewater Park Site (from Iowa)
Image 28The Union Block building in Mount Pleasant, scene of early civil rights and women's rights activities (from Iowa)
Image 29Population age comparison between rural Pocahontas County and urban Polk County, illustrating the flight of young adults (red) to urban centers in Iowa (from Iowa)
Image 30DeSoto Lake at DeSoto National Wildlife Refuge (from Iowa)
Image 31Inside the Davenport Skybridge (from Iowa)
Image 32Palmer Chiropractic College in Davenport is the first school of chiropractic in the world. (from Iowa)
Image 33Ethanol plant under construction in Butler County (from Iowa)
Image 34Topography of Iowa, with counties and major streams (from Iowa)
Image 35Mural in Mt. Ayr Post Office, "The Corn Parade" by Orr C. Fischer, which was commissioned as part of the New Deal (from Iowa)
Image 36Köppen climate types of Iowa, using 1991–2020 climate normals (from Iowa)
Image 37The Iowa State Capitol in Des Moines, completed in 1886, is the only state capitol in the United States to feature five domes, a central golden dome surrounded by four smaller ones. It houses the Iowa General Assembly, comprising the Iowa House of Representatives and Iowa Senate. (from Iowa)
Image 38Iowa 2020 Population Density map (from Iowa)

Map of counties in Iowa by racial plurality, per the 2020 U.S. census

Non-Hispanic White

50–60%

60–70%

70–80%

80–90%

90%+

(from Iowa)

Image 40A Christian cross on a hill in Iowa (from Iowa)
Image 41Iowa terrain (from Iowa)
Image 42Samuel J. Kirkwood, founder of the Iowa Republican Party, abolitionist, and Iowa's Civil War Governor (from Iowa)
Image 43Iowa gross state products by industry, 2009 (from Iowa)
Image 44Grotto of the Redemption, in Palo Alto County (from National Register of Historic Places listings in Iowa)
Image 45Snake Alley, in Des Moines County (from National Register of Historic Places listings in Iowa)
Image 46Ethnic origins in Iowa (from Iowa)
Image 47Old Capitol, Iowa City (from Iowa)
Image 48Lock and Dam No. 14 Historic District, in Scott County (from National Register of Historic Places listings in Iowa)
Image 49Wind turbines near Williams, Iowa (from Iowa)
Image 50Brucemore, in Cedar Rapids, Iowa (from Iowa)

State Facts

State of Iowa

Date admitted to Union: December 28, 1846 (29th State)
Demonym: Iowan
Capital: Des Moines
Elected state officers:
- Governor: Kim Reynolds (R)
- Lieutenant Governor: Adam Gregg (R)
- Secretary of State: Paul Pate (R)
- Auditor: Rob Sand (D)
- Treasurer: Roby Smith (R)
- Secretary of Agriculture: Mike Naig (R)
- Attorney General: Brenna Bird (R)
U.S. Senators:
- Chuck Grassley (R)
- Joni Ernst (R)
U.S. Representatives:

Total area: 56,272 square miles (145,744 km²) (23rd most extensive state)
- Land: 55,869 square miles (144,700 km²)
- Water: 402 square miles (1,041 km²)
Highest elevation: Hawkeye Point 1,670 feet (509 m) (42nd highest state)
Mean elevation: 1,100 feet (335 m) (22nd highest state)
Lowest elevation: Mississippi River 480 feet (146 m) (37th lowest state)
Population (2022 estimate): 3,200,517 (32nd most populous state)
Number of counties: 99 counties
Number of municipalities: 947 municipalities
Time zone: CST=UTC-06, CDT=UTC-05
USPS code: IA
ISO 3166 code: US-IA
Adjacent states: Minnesota, Wisconsin, Illinois, Missouri, Nebraska, South Dakota
State government website: Iowa.gov

State Symbols

State flag:
State seal:
State motto:	Our liberties we prize and our rights we will maintain
State nickname:	The Hawkeye State
State bird:	Eastern Goldfinch (Spinus tristis)
State flower:	Wild Prairie Rose (Rosa pratincola)
State grass:	Bluebunch Wheatgrass (Pseudoroegneria spicata)
State tree:	Oak (Quercus macrocarpa)
State rock:	Geode
State soil:	Tama
State song:	The Song of Iowa
State tartan:	Iowa State Tartan
Commemorative U.S. coin:

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v t e State of Iowa
Des Moines (capital)
Topics	Attorney General Archaeology Area codes Auditor of State Capitol Code Congressional districts Crime Delegations Representatives Senators Elections Caucuses Environment Flag Index Governor History Historic Places Legislature House Senate People Native Americans Political parties Democratic Libertarian Republican Seal Secretary of Agriculture Secretary of State State Parks Supreme Court Treasurer of State
Regions	Coteau des Prairies Des Moines metropolitan area Dissected Till Plains Driftless Area Great River Road Honey Lands Iowa Great Lakes Loess Hills Omaha–Council Bluffs metropolitan area Quad Cities Siouxland
Largest cities	Ames Ankeny Bettendorf Burlington Cedar Falls Cedar Rapids Clinton Council Bluffs Davenport Des Moines Dubuque Fort Dodge Iowa City Marion Marshalltown Mason City Muscatine Ottumwa Sioux City Urbandale Waterloo West Des Moines
Counties	Adair Adams Allamakee Appanoose Audubon Benton Black Hawk Boone Bremer Buchanan Buena Vista Butler Calhoun Carroll Cass Cedar Cerro Gordo Cherokee Chickasaw Clarke Clay Clayton Clinton Crawford Dallas Davis Decatur Delaware Des Moines Dickinson Dubuque Emmet Fayette Floyd Franklin Fremont Greene Grundy Guthrie Hamilton Hancock Hardin Harrison Henry Howard Humboldt Ida Iowa Jackson Jasper Jefferson Johnson Jones Keokuk Kossuth Lee Linn Louisa Lucas Lyon Madison Mahaska Marion Marshall Mills Mitchell Monona Monroe Montgomery Muscatine O'Brien Osceola Page Palo Alto Plymouth Pocahontas Polk Pottawattamie Poweshiek Ringgold Sac Scott Shelby Sioux Story Tama Taylor Union Van Buren Wapello Warren Washington Wayne Webster Winnebago Winneshiek Woodbury Worth Wright

v t e Airports in Iowa
Primary	Cedar Rapids Des Moines Dubuque Sioux City Waterloo
Non-primary	Burlington Fort Dodge Mason City
Relief	Ankeny
General aviation	Albia Algona Ames Atlantic Audubon Belle Plaine Bloomfield Boone Carroll Centerville Chariton Charles City Cherokee Clarinda Clarion Clinton Council Bluffs Creston Davenport Decorah Denison Emmetsburg Estherville Fairfield Forest City Fort Madison Greenfield Grinnell Guthrie Center Hampton Harlan Humboldt Independence Iowa City Iowa Falls Jefferson Keokuk Knoxville Lamoni Le Mars Mapleton Maquoketa Marshalltown Monticello Mt. Pleasant Muscatine Newton Oelwein Orange City Osceola Oskaloosa Ottumwa Pella Perry Pocahontas Red Oak Rockwell City Sac City Sheldon Shenandoah Spencer Storm Lake Tipton Vinton Washington Waverly Webster City West Union Winterset
List of airports in Iowa

v t e Colleges and universities in Iowa
Public institutions	University of Iowa Iowa State University University of Northern Iowa	Iowa portal
Private institutions	Briar Cliff Buena Vista Central Clarke Coe Cornell Des Moines Divine Word Dordt Drake Emmaus Bible Faith Baptist Graceland Grand View Grinnell Loras Luther Maharishi Morningside Mount Mercy Northwestern St. Ambrose Simpson University of Dubuque Upper Iowa Waldorf Wartburg William Penn
Defunct institutions	Iowa Wesleyan

v t e County courthouses in Iowa
Adair Adams Allamakee Appanoose Audubon Benton Black Hawk Boone Bremer Buchanan Buena Vista Butler Calhoun Carroll Cass Cedar Cerro Gordo Cherokee Chickasaw Clarke Clay Clayton Clinton Crawford Dallas Davis Decatur Delaware Des Moines Dickinson Dubuque Emmet Fayette Floyd Franklin Fremont Greene Grundy Guthrie Hamilton Hancock Hardin Harrison Henry Howard Humboldt Ida Iowa Jackson Jasper Jefferson Johnson Jones Keokuk Kossuth Lee (North), (South) Linn Louisa Lucas Lyon Madison Mahaska Marion Marshall Mills Mitchell Monona Monroe Montgomery Muscatine O'Brien Osceola Page Palo Alto Plymouth Pocahontas Polk Pottawattamie Poweshiek Ringgold Sac Scott Shelby Sioux Story Tama Taylor Union Van Buren Wapello Warren Washington Wayne Webster Winnebago Winneshiek Woodbury Worth Wright		Iowa portal
List of counties in Iowa ♦ List of county courthouses in Iowa

v t e Governors of Iowa
Territorial (1838–1846)	Conway (Acting) Lucas Chambers Clarke	Iowa portal
State (since 1846)	Briggs Hempstead Grimes Lowe Kirkwood Stone Merrill Carpenter Kirkwood Newbold Gear Sherman Larrabee Boies Jackson Drake Shaw Cummins Garst Carroll Clarke Harding Kendall Hammill Turner Herring Kraschel Wilson Hickenlooper Blue Beardsley Elthon Hoegh Loveless Erbe Hughes Fulton Ray Branstad Vilsack Culver Branstad Reynolds	Iowa portal

v t e Members of the Iowa House of Representatives
90th General Assembly (January 9, 2023 – January 12, 2025) Speaker Pat Grassley (R) Speaker pro tempore John Wills (R) Majority Leader Matt Windschitl (R) Minority Leader Jennifer Konfrst (D)
▌J. D. Scholten (D) ▌Robert Henderson (R) ▌Thomas Jeneary (R) ▌Skyler Wheeler (R) ▌Zach Dieken (R) ▌Megan Jones (R) ▌Mike Sexton (R) ▌Ann Meyer (R) ▌Henry Stone (R) ▌John Wills (R) ▌Brian Best (R) ▌Steven Holt (R) ▌Ken Carlson (R) ▌Jacob Bossman (R) ▌Matt Windschitl (R) ▌David Sieck (R) ▌Devon Wood (R) ▌Tom Moore (R) ▌Brent Siegrist (R) ▌Joshua Turek (D) ▌Brooke Boden (R) ▌Stan Gustafson (R) ▌Ray Sorensen (R) ▌Joel Fry (R) ▌Hans Wilz (R) ▌Austin Harris (R) ▌Kenan Judge (D) ▌David Young (R) ▌Brian Meyer (D) ▌Megan Srinivas (D) ▌Mary Madison (D) ▌Jennifer Konfrst (D) ▌Ruth Ann Gaines (D) ▌Ako Abdul-Samad (D) ▌Sean Bagniewski (D) ▌Austin Baeth (D) ▌Barb Kniff McCulla (R) ▌Jon Dunwell (R) ▌Rick Olson (D) ▌Bill Gustoff (R) ▌Molly Buck (D) ▌Heather Matson (D) ▌Eddie Andrews (R) ▌John Forbes (D) ▌Brian Lohse (R) ▌Dan Gehlbach (R) ▌Carter Nordman (R) ▌Phil Thompson (R) ▌Beth Wessel-Kroeschell (D) ▌Ross Wilburn (D) ▌Dave Deyoe (R) ▌Sue Cahill (D) ▌Dean Fisher (R) ▌Joshua Meggers (R) ▌Shannon Latham (R) ▌Mark Thompson (R) ▌Pat Grassley (R) ▌Charley Thomson (R) ▌Sharon Steckman (D) ▌Jane Bloomingdale (R) ▌Timi Brown-Powers (D) ▌Jerome Amos (D) ▌Michael Bergan (R) ▌Anne Osmundson (R) ▌Shannon Lundgren (R) ▌Steve Bradley (R) ▌Craig Johnson (R) ▌Chad Ingels (R) ▌Tom Determann (R) ▌Norlin Mommsen (R) ▌Lindsay James (D) ▌Charles Isenhart (D) ▌Elizabeth Wilson (D) ▌Eric Gjerde (D) ▌Bob Kressig (D) ▌Derek Wulf (R) ▌Jeff Cooling (D) ▌Sami Scheetz (D) ▌Tracy Ehlert (D) ▌Art Staed (D) ▌Luana Stoltenberg (R) ▌Bobby Kaufmann (R) ▌Cindy Golding (R) ▌Thomas Gerhold (R) ▌Amy Nielsen (D) ▌David Jacoby (D) ▌Jeff Shipley (R) ▌Helena Hayes (R) ▌Elinor Levin (D) ▌Adam Zabner (D) ▌Brad Sherman (R) ▌Heather Hora (R) ▌Gary Mohr (R) ▌Mike Vondran (R) ▌Taylor Collins (R) ▌Mark Cisneros (R) ▌Ken Croken (D) ▌Monica Kurth (D) ▌Matthew Rinker (R) ▌Martin Graber (R)
▌Republican (64) ▌Democratic (36) Iowa General Assembly Iowa House of Representatives Iowa Senate

v t e Iowa political parties
Political parties	Iowa Democratic Party Libertarian Party of Iowa Republican Party of Iowa
Non-party political organizations	Constitution Party of Iowa Iowa Green Party† Legal Marijuana Now Party Party for Socialism and Liberation
Defunct	Free Soil Whig
Iowa portal Political party strength in Iowa Note: Political parties are those organizations that received 2% or more of the vote for president or governor in the most recent general election. †The Iowa Green Party was a political party from 2000 – 2002.