.40-65 Winchester

The .40-65 Winchester (also called the .40-65 Winchester and Marlin) was an American rifle cartridge.

Introduced in 1887 for the Winchester Model 1886, and available in Winchester single shots and in the Marlin Model 1895, it was "a further effort to put more steam" in repeating rifle cartridges. In the modern era, the cartridge has gained favor for metallic silhouette shooting and Black Powder Cartridge Rifle matches where it serves as a low-recoil alternative to the common 45–70.

It was commercially available in black and smokeless varieties until around 1935, and can be handloaded by reforming .45-70 brass.

Nomenclature
The nomenclature of the period was based on several properties of the cartridge:


 * .40: nominal caliber in inches: 0.40 inches (10.2 mm); actual caliber was .406 in ( mm)
 * 65 : weight of propellant (black powder) charge, in grains: 65 grains (4.2 g)