1083

Year 1083 (MLXXXIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

Europe

 * January 6 – A Castilian army, under Count Gonzalo Salvadórez and his son-in-law Ramiro Garcés, Lord of Calahorra, child of the late King García Sánchez III of Pamplona, enters the surrendered bastian of Rueda, but are then treacherously set upon and killed. Gonzalo, Ramiro, and Ramiro's illegitimate half-brother Sancho Garcés are among the many nobles to lose their lives, in what will be remembered as the 'disaster' or 'treachery of Rueda'.
 * Castilian forces under Alfonso VI reconquer Talavera de la Reina in the Taifa of Toledo (modern Spain).
 * King Sancho Ramírez of Pamplona and Aragon, conquers Graus (located in the Pyrenees).
 * Summer – Emperor Henry IV besieges Pope Gregory VII in Castel Sant'Angelo at Rome.
 * October – While Robert Guiscard is in Italy, emperor Alexios I Komnenos retakes territory previously lost to the Normans, including the town of Kastoria. Several Normans, including Peter Aliphas, switch sides to the Byzantines.

England

 * King William I (the Conqueror) imprisons his half-brother Odo of Bayeux for planning a military expedition to Italy.

Africa

 * Ceuta falls to the Almoravids, after a five-year siege.

Births

 * December 1 – Anna Komnene, Byzantine princess (d. 1153)
 * Florine of Burgundy, French noblewoman and crusader (d. 1097)
 * Jindřich Zdík (or Henry Zdík), bishop of Olomouc (d. 1150)
 * Li Gang, Chinese politician and Grand Chancellor (d. 1140)
 * Otto IV, count palatine of Bavaria (approximate date)
 * Qadi Ayyad, Almoravid imam and chief judge (qadi) (d. 1149)
 * Raymond du Puy, French knight and Grand Master (d. 1160)
 * Shin Panthagu, Burmese Buddhist monk and primate (d. 1174)
 * Viacheslav I Vladimirovich, Grand Prince of Kiev (d. 1154)

Deaths

 * January 6
 * Gonzalo Salvadórez, Spanish nobleman
 * Ramiro Garcés, Spanish nobleman
 * Sancho Garcés, Spanish nobleman
 * January 11 – Otto of Nordheim, duke of Bavaria
 * September 2 – Munjong of Goryeo, Korean ruler (b. 1019)
 * November 2 – Matilda of Flanders, queen of England
 * December 5 – Sunjong of Goryeo, Korean ruler (b. 1047)
 * Adelelm of Jumièges, Norman monk and abbot
 * Basil Apokapes (or Apocapes), Byzantine general
 * Ermengarde of Tonnerre, French noblewoman
 * Nicodemus of Palermo, Italian bishop and saint
 * Robert de Grandmesnil, Norman nobleman
 * Theodora Anna Doukaina, Venetian dogaressa (b. 1058)
 * Touzi Yiqing, Chinese Zen Buddhist monk (d. 1032)
 * Zeng Gong, Chinese scholar and historian (b. 1019)