11th United States Congress

The 11th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1809, to March 4, 1811, during the first two years of James Madison's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1800 United States census. Both chambers had a Democratic-Republican majority.

Major events

 * March 4, 1809: James Madison became President of the United States
 * October 27, 1810: Annexation of West Florida from Spain

Major legislation

 * May 1, 1810: Macon's Bill Number 2, ch. 39,

Constitutional amendments

 * May 1, 1810: Approved an amendment to the United States Constitution that would strip United States citizenship from any citizen who accepted a title of nobility from a foreign country, and submitted it to the state legislatures for ratification
 * This amendment, commonly known as the Titles of Nobility Amendment, has not been ratified and is still pending before the states.

Party summary
The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this congress. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.

Senate

 * President: George Clinton (DR)
 * President pro tempore: John Milledge (DR)
 * Andrew Gregg (DR), from June 26, 1809
 * John Gaillard (DR), from February 28, 1810
 * John Pope (DR), from February 23, 1811

House of Representatives

 * Speaker: Joseph B. Varnum (DR)

Members
This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed by class, and representatives are listed by district.
 * Skip to House of Representatives, below

Senate
Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term began with this Congress, requiring re-election in 1814; Class 2 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring re-election in 1810; and Class 3 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring re-election in 1812.

Connecticut

 * 1. James Hillhouse (F), until June 10, 1810
 * Samuel W. Dana (F), from December 4, 1810
 * 3. Chauncey Goodrich (F)

Delaware

 * 1. Samuel White (F), until November 4, 1809
 * Outerbridge Horsey (F), from January 12, 1810
 * 2. James A. Bayard (F)

Georgia

 * 2. William H. Crawford (DR)
 * 3. John Milledge (DR), until November 14, 1809
 * Charles Tait (DR), from November 27, 1809

Kentucky

 * 2. Buckner Thruston (DR), until December 18, 1809
 * Henry Clay (DR), from November 4, 1810
 * 3. John Pope (DR)

Maryland

 * 1. Samuel Smith (DR)
 * 3. Philip Reed (DR)

Massachusetts

 * 1. James Lloyd (F)
 * 2. Timothy Pickering (F)

New Hampshire

 * 2. Nicholas Gilman (DR)
 * 3. Nahum Parker (DR), until June 1, 1810
 * Charles Cutts (F), from June 21, 1810

New Jersey

 * 1. John Lambert (DR)
 * 2. Aaron Kitchell (DR), until March 12, 1809
 * John Condit (DR), from March 21, 1809

New York

 * 1. Obadiah German (DR)
 * 3. John Smith (DR)

North Carolina

 * 2. James Turner (DR)
 * 3. Jesse Franklin (DR)

Ohio

 * 1. Return J. Meigs Jr. (DR), until December 10, 1810, or before
 * Thomas Worthington (DR), from December 15, 1810
 * 3. Stanley Griswold (DR), May 18, 1809 – December 11, 1809
 * Alexander Campbell (DR), from December 11, 1809

Pennsylvania

 * 1. Michael Leib (DR)
 * 3. Andrew Gregg (DR)

Rhode Island

 * 1. Francis Malbone (F), until June 4, 1809
 * Christopher G. Champlin (F), from June 26, 1809
 * 2. Elisha Mathewson (DR)

South Carolina

 * 2. Thomas Sumter (DR), until December 16, 1810
 * John Taylor (DR), from December 31, 1810
 * 3. John Gaillard (DR)

Tennessee

 * 1. Joseph Anderson (DR)
 * 2. Daniel Smith (DR), until March 31, 1809
 * Jenkin Whiteside (DR), from April 11, 1809

Vermont

 * 1. Jonathan Robinson (DR)
 * 3. Stephen R. Bradley (DR)

Virginia

 * 1. Richard Brent (DR)
 * 2. William B. Giles (DR)



House of Representatives
The names of members of the House of Representatives are preceded by their districts.

Connecticut
All representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket.
 * Connecticut's at-large congressional district. Epaphroditus Champion (F)
 * Connecticut's at-large congressional district. Samuel W. Dana (F), until May 10, 1810
 * Ebenezer Huntington (F), from October 11, 1810
 * Connecticut's at-large congressional district. John Davenport (F)
 * Connecticut's at-large congressional district. Jonathan O. Moseley (F)
 * Connecticut's at-large congressional district. Timothy Pitkin (F)
 * Connecticut's at-large congressional district. Lewis B. Sturges (F)
 * Connecticut's at-large congressional district. Benjamin Tallmadge (F)

Delaware

 * Delaware's at-large congressional district. Nicholas Van Dyke (F)

Georgia

 * Georgia's at-large congressional district. William W. Bibb (DR)
 * Georgia's at-large congressional district. Howell Cobb (DR)
 * Georgia's at-large congressional district. Dennis Smelt (DR)
 * Georgia's at-large congressional district. George M. Troup (DR)

Kentucky

 * Kentucky's 1st congressional district. Matthew Lyon (DR)
 * Kentucky's 2nd congressional district. Samuel McKee (DR)
 * Kentucky's 3rd congressional district. Henry Crist (DR)
 * Kentucky's 4th congressional district. Richard M. Johnson (DR)
 * Kentucky's 5th congressional district. Benjamin Howard (DR), until April 10, 1810
 * William T. Barry (DR), from August 8, 1810
 * Kentucky's 6th congressional district. Joseph Desha (DR)

Maryland
The 5th district was a plural district with two representatives.
 * Maryland's 1st congressional district. John Campbell (F)
 * Maryland's 2nd congressional district. Archibald Van Horne (DR)
 * Maryland's 3rd congressional district. Philip B. Key (F)
 * Maryland's 4th congressional district. Roger Nelson (DR), until May 14, 1810
 * Samuel Ringgold (DR), from October 15, 1810
 * Maryland's 5th congressional district. Alexander McKim (DR)
 * Maryland's 5th congressional district. Nicholas R. Moore (DR)
 * Maryland's 6th congressional district. John Montgomery (DR)
 * Maryland's 7th congressional district. John Brown (DR), until sometime in 1810
 * Robert Wright (DR), from November 29, 1810
 * Maryland's 8th congressional district. Charles Goldsborough (F)

Massachusetts

 * Massachusetts's 1st congressional district. Josiah Quincy (F)
 * Massachusetts's 2nd congressional district. Benjamin Pickman Jr. (F)
 * Massachusetts's 3rd congressional district. Edward St. Loe Livermore (F)
 * Massachusetts's 4th congressional district. Joseph Bradley Varnum (DR)
 * Massachusetts's 5th congressional district. William Ely (F)
 * Massachusetts's 6th congressional district. Samuel Taggart (F)
 * Massachusetts's 7th congressional district. William Baylies (F), until June 28, 1809
 * Charles Turner Jr. (DR), from June 28, 1809
 * Massachusetts's 8th congressional district. Gideon Gardner (DR)
 * Massachusetts's 9th congressional district. Laban Wheaton (F)
 * Massachusetts's 10th congressional district. Jabez Upham (F), until sometime in 1810
 * Joseph Allen (F), from October 8, 1810
 * Massachusetts's 11th congressional district. William Stedman (F), until July 16, 1810
 * Abijah Bigelow (F), from October 8, 1810
 * Massachusetts's 12th congressional district. Ezekiel Bacon (DR)
 * Massachusetts's 13th congressional district. Ebenezer Seaver (DR)
 * Massachusetts's 14th congressional district. Richard Cutts (DR)
 * Massachusetts's 15th congressional district. Ezekiel Whitman (F)
 * Massachusetts's 16th congressional district. Orchard Cook (DR)
 * Massachusetts's 17th congressional district. Barzillai Gannett (DR)

New Hampshire

 * New Hampshire's at-large congressional district. Daniel Blaisdell (F)
 * New Hampshire's at-large congressional district. John C. Chamberlain (F)
 * New Hampshire's at-large congressional district. William Hale (F)
 * New Hampshire's at-large congressional district. Nathaniel A. Haven (F)
 * New Hampshire's at-large congressional district. James Wilson (F)

New Jersey

 * New Jersey's at-large congressional district. Adam Boyd (DR)
 * New Jersey's at-large congressional district. James Cox (DR), until September 12, 1810
 * John A. Scudder (DR), from October 31, 1810
 * New Jersey's at-large congressional district. William Helms (DR)
 * New Jersey's at-large congressional district. Jacob Hufty (DR)
 * New Jersey's at-large congressional district. Thomas Newbold (DR)
 * New Jersey's at-large congressional district. Henry Southard (DR)

New York
There were two plural districts, the 2nd & 6th, each had two representatives.
 * New York's 1st congressional district. Ebenezer Sage (DR)
 * New York's 2nd congressional district. William Denning (DR), until sometime before late April 1810
 * Samuel L. Mitchill (DR), from December 4, 1810
 * New York's 2nd congressional district. Gurdon S. Mumford (DR)
 * New York's 3rd congressional district. Jonathan Fisk (DR)
 * New York's 4th congressional district. James Emott (F)
 * New York's 5th congressional district. Barent Gardenier (F)
 * New York's 6th congressional district. Herman Knickerbocker (F)
 * New York's 6th congressional district. Robert Le Roy Livingston (F)
 * New York's 7th congressional district. Killian K. Van Rensselaer (F)
 * New York's 8th congressional district. John Thompson (DR)
 * New York's 9th congressional district. Thomas Sammons (F)
 * New York's 10th congressional district. John Nicholson (DR)
 * New York's 11th congressional district. Thomas R. Gold (F)
 * New York's 12th congressional district. Erastus Root (DR)
 * New York's 13th congressional district. Uri Tracy (DR)
 * New York's 14th congressional district. Vincent Mathews (F)
 * New York's 15th congressional district. Peter B. Porter (DR)

North Carolina

 * North Carolina's 1st congressional district. Lemuel Sawyer (DR)
 * North Carolina's 2nd congressional district. Willis Alston (DR)
 * North Carolina's 3rd congressional district. William Kennedy (DR)
 * North Carolina's 4th congressional district. John Stanly (F)
 * North Carolina's 5th congressional district. Thomas Kenan (DR)
 * North Carolina's 6th congressional district. Nathaniel Macon (DR)
 * North Carolina's 7th congressional district. Archibald McBryde (F)
 * North Carolina's 8th congressional district. Richard Stanford (DR)
 * North Carolina's 9th congressional district. James Cochran (DR)
 * North Carolina's 10th congressional district. Joseph Pearson (F)
 * North Carolina's 11th congressional district. James Holland (DR)
 * North Carolina's 12th congressional district. Meshack Franklin (DR)

Ohio

 * Ohio's at-large congressional district. Jeremiah Morrow (DR)

Pennsylvania
There were four plural districts, the 1st, 2nd, & 3rd had three representatives each, the 4th had two representatives.
 * Pennsylvania's 1st congressional district. William Anderson (DR)
 * Pennsylvania's 1st congressional district. John Porter (DR)
 * Pennsylvania's 1st congressional district. Benjamin Say (DR), until sometime in June 1809
 * Adam Seybert (DR), from October 10, 1809
 * Pennsylvania's 2nd congressional district. Robert Brown (DR)
 * Pennsylvania's 2nd congressional district. William Milnor (F)
 * Pennsylvania's 2nd congressional district. John Ross (DR)
 * Pennsylvania's 3rd congressional district. Daniel Hiester (DR)
 * Pennsylvania's 3rd congressional district. Robert Jenkins (F)
 * Pennsylvania's 3rd congressional district. Matthias Richards (DR)
 * Pennsylvania's 4th congressional district. David Bard (DR)
 * Pennsylvania's 4th congressional district. Robert Whitehill (DR)
 * Pennsylvania's 5th congressional district. George Smith (DR)
 * Pennsylvania's 6th congressional district. William Crawford (DR)
 * Pennsylvania's 7th congressional district. John Rea (DR)
 * Pennsylvania's 8th congressional district. William Findley (DR)
 * Pennsylvania's 9th congressional district. John Smilie (DR)
 * Pennsylvania's 10th congressional district. Aaron Lyle (DR)
 * Pennsylvania's 11th congressional district. Samuel Smith (DR)

Rhode Island
Both representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket.
 * Rhode Island's at-large congressional district. Richard Jackson Jr. (F)
 * Rhode Island's at-large congressional district. Elisha R. Potter (F)

South Carolina

 * South Carolina's 1st congressional district. Robert Marion (DR), until December 4, 1810
 * Langdon Cheves (DR), from December 31, 1810
 * South Carolina's 2nd congressional district. William Butler Sr. (DR)
 * South Carolina's 3rd congressional district. Robert Witherspoon (DR)
 * South Carolina's 4th congressional district. John Taylor (DR), until December 30, 1810, vacant thereafter
 * South Carolina's 5th congressional district. Richard Winn (DR)
 * South Carolina's 6th congressional district. Joseph Calhoun (DR)
 * South Carolina's 7th congressional district. Thomas Moore (DR)
 * South Carolina's 8th congressional district. Lemuel J. Alston (DR)

Tennessee

 * Tennessee's 1st congressional district. John Rhea (DR)
 * Tennessee's 2nd congressional district. Robert Weakley (DR)
 * Tennessee's 3rd congressional district. Pleasant M. Miller (DR)

Vermont

 * Vermont's 1st congressional district. Samuel Shaw (DR)
 * Vermont's 2nd congressional district. Jonathan H. Hubbard (F)
 * Vermont's 3rd congressional district. William Chamberlain (F)
 * Vermont's 4th congressional district. Martin Chittenden (F)

Virginia

 * Virginia's 1st congressional district. John G. Jackson (DR), until September 28, 1810
 * William McKinley (DR), from December 21, 1810
 * Virginia's 2nd congressional district. James Stephenson (F)
 * Virginia's 3rd congressional district. John Smith (DR)
 * Virginia's 4th congressional district. Jacob Swoope (F)
 * Virginia's 5th congressional district. James Breckinridge (F)
 * Virginia's 6th congressional district. Daniel Sheffey (F)
 * Virginia's 7th congressional district. Joseph Lewis Jr. (F)
 * Virginia's 8th congressional district. Walter Jones (DR)
 * Virginia's 9th congressional district. John Love (DR)
 * Virginia's 10th congressional district. John Dawson (DR)
 * Virginia's 11th congressional district. John Roane (DR)
 * Virginia's 12th congressional district. Burwell Bassett (DR)
 * Virginia's 13th congressional district. William A. Burwell (DR)
 * Virginia's 14th congressional district. Matthew Clay (DR)
 * Virginia's 15th congressional district. John Randolph (DR)
 * Virginia's 16th congressional district. John W. Eppes (DR)
 * Virginia's 17th congressional district. Thomas Gholson Jr. (DR)
 * Virginia's 18th congressional district. Peterson Goodwyn (DR)
 * Virginia's 19th congressional district. Edwin Gray (DR)
 * Virginia's 20th congressional district. Thomas Newton Jr. (DR)
 * Virginia's 21st congressional district. Wilson C. Nicholas (DR), until November 27, 1809
 * David S. Garland (DR), from January 17, 1810
 * Virginia's 22nd congressional district. John Clopton (DR)

Non-voting members

 * Indiana Territory's at-large congressional district. Jonathan Jennings, from November 27, 1809
 * Mississippi Territory's at-large congressional district. George Poindexter
 * Orleans Territory's at-large congressional district. Julien De L. Poydras



Changes in membership
The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.

Senate
There were 8 resignations, 2 deaths, 1 interim appointment, and 1 vacancy from before this Congress.


 * Ohio (3)
 * Vacant
 * Edward Tiffin (DR) resigned at the end of the previous Congress. Successor was appointed to continue the term.
 * | Stanley Griswold (DR)
 * Seated May 18, 1809
 * Seated May 18, 1809


 * New Jersey (2)
 * | Aaron Kitchell (DR)
 * Resigned March 12, 1809. Successor was appointed to continue the term and subsequently elected to finish the term.
 * | John Condit (DR)
 * Seated March 21, 1809
 * Seated March 21, 1809


 * Tennessee (2)
 * | Daniel Smith (DR)
 * Resigned March 31, 1809. Successor was elected April 11, 1809 to finish the term.
 * | Jenkin Whiteside (DR)
 * Seated April 11, 1809
 * Seated April 11, 1809


 * Rhode Island (1)
 * | Francis Malbone (F)
 * Died June 4, 1809. Successor was elected to finish the term.
 * | Christopher G. Champlin (F)
 * Seated June 26, 1809
 * Seated June 26, 1809


 * Delaware (1)
 * | Samuel White (F)
 * Died November 4, 1809. Successor was appointed to continue the term and subsequently elected to finish the term.
 * | Outerbridge Horsey (F)
 * Seated January 12, 1810
 * Seated January 12, 1810


 * Georgia (3)
 * | John Milledge (DR)
 * Resigned November 14, 1809. Successor was elected to finish the term.
 * | Charles Tait (DR)
 * Seated November 27, 1809
 * Seated November 27, 1809


 * Ohio (3)
 * | Stanley Griswold (DR)
 * Appointee was not elected to finish the term. Successor elected December 11, 1809.
 * | Alexander Campbell (DR)
 * Seated December 11, 1809
 * Seated December 11, 1809


 * Kentucky (2)
 * | Buckner Thruston (DR)
 * Appointed judge of the US District Court of the District of Columbia December 18, 1809
 * | Henry Clay (DR)
 * Seated November 4, 1810
 * Seated November 4, 1810


 * New Hampshire (3)
 * | Nahum Parker (DR)
 * Resigned June 1, 1810
 * | Charles Cutts (F)
 * Seated June 21, 1810
 * Seated June 21, 1810


 * Connecticut (1)
 * | James Hillhouse (F)
 * Resigned June 10, 1810
 * | Samuel W. Dana (F)
 * Seated December 4, 1810
 * Seated December 4, 1810


 * Ohio (1)
 * | Return J. Meigs Jr. (DR)
 * Resigned on or before December 10, 1810, to become Governor of Ohio
 * | Thomas Worthington (DR)
 * Seated December 15, 1810
 * Seated December 15, 1810


 * South Carolina (2)
 * | Thomas Sumter (DR)
 * Resigned December 16, 1810
 * | John Taylor (DR)
 * Seated December 31, 1810
 * Seated December 31, 1810


 * }

House of Representatives
Of the voting members, there were 12 resignations, 1 death, and 1 change due to a contested election.


 * Indiana Territory's at-large congressional district
 * Vacant
 * failure to elect
 * Jonathan Jennings
 * Seated November 27, 1809
 * Seated November 27, 1809


 * Pennsylvania's 1st congressional district
 * | Benjamin Say (DR)
 * Resigned June, 1809
 * | Adam Seybert (DR)
 * Seated October 10, 1809
 * Seated October 10, 1809


 * Massachusetts's 7th congressional district
 * | William Baylies (F)
 * Lost contested election June 28, 1809
 * | Charles Turner Jr. (DR)
 * June 28, 1809
 * June 28, 1809


 * Virginia's 21st congressional district
 * | Wilson C. Nicholas (DR)
 * Resigned November 27, 1809
 * | David S. Garland (DR)
 * Seated January 17, 1810
 * Seated January 17, 1810


 * Maryland's 7th congressional district
 * | John Brown (DR)
 * Resigned sometime in 1810
 * | Robert Wright (DR)
 * Seated November 29, 1810
 * Seated November 29, 1810


 * Massachusetts's 10th congressional district
 * | Jabez Upham (F)
 * Resigned sometime in 1810
 * | Joseph Allen (F)
 * October 8, 1810
 * October 8, 1810


 * New York's 2nd congressional district
 * | William Denning (DR)
 * Resigned sometime in 1810
 * | Samuel L. Mitchill (DR)
 * December 4, 1810
 * December 4, 1810


 * Kentucky's 5th congressional district
 * | Benjamin Howard (DR)
 * Resigned April 10, 1810, after becoming Governor of Louisiana Territory
 * | William T. Barry (DR)
 * Seated August 8, 1810
 * Seated August 8, 1810


 * Connecticut's at-large congressional district
 * | Samuel W. Dana (F)
 * Resigned May 10, 1810, after being elected to US Senate
 * | Ebenezer Huntington (F)
 * October 11, 1810
 * October 11, 1810


 * Maryland's 4th congressional district
 * | Roger Nelson (DR)
 * Resigned May 14, 1810
 * | Samuel Ringgold (DR)
 * Seated October 15, 1810
 * Seated October 15, 1810


 * Massachusetts's 11th congressional district
 * | William Stedman (F)
 * Resigned July 16, 1810
 * | Abijah Bigelow (F)
 * October 8, 1810
 * October 8, 1810


 * New Jersey's at-large congressional district
 * | James Cox (DR)
 * Died September 12, 1810
 * | John A. Scudder (DR)
 * Seated October 31, 1810
 * Seated October 31, 1810


 * Virginia's 1st congressional district
 * | John G. Jackson (DR)
 * Resigned September 28, 1810
 * | William McKinley (DR)
 * Seated December 21, 1810
 * Seated December 21, 1810


 * South Carolina's 1st congressional district
 * | Robert Marion (DR)
 * Resigned December 4, 1810
 * | Langdon Cheves (DR)
 * Seated December 31, 1810
 * Seated December 31, 1810


 * South Carolina's 4th congressional district
 * | John Taylor (DR)
 * Resigned December 30, 1810, after becoming US Senator
 * Vacant
 * Not filled for remainder of term
 * }
 * }

Committees
Lists of committees and their party leaders.

Senate

 * Audit and Control the Contingent Expenses of the Senate (Chairman: N/A)
 * Engrossed Bills (Chairman: Nicholas Gilman)
 * National University (Chairman: N/A)
 * Whole

House of Representatives

 * Accounts (Chairman: Nicholas R. Moore then William Milnor then Nicholas R. Moore)
 * Arms Exports (Select)
 * Claims (Chairman: Richard M. Johnson then Erastus Root)
 * Commerce and Manufactures (Chairman: Thomas Newton Jr.)
 * District of Columbia (Chairman: John Love then Archibald Van Horne)
 * Elections (Chairman: William Findley)
 * Post Office and Post Roads (Chairman: John Rhea)
 * Public Lands (Chairman: Jeremiah Morrow)
 * Revisal and Unfinished Business (Chairman: Henry Southard)
 * Rules (Select)
 * Standards of Official Conduct
 * Ways and Means (Chairman: John W. Eppes)
 * Whole

Joint committees

 * Enrolled Bills (Chairman: James Turner)
 * The Library (Chairman: N/A)

Legislative branch agency directors

 * Architect of the Capitol: Benjamin Latrobe
 * Librarian of Congress: Patrick Magruder

Senate

 * Chaplain: James J. Wilmer (Episcopalian), until December 5, 1809
 * Obadiah B. Brown (Baptist), from December 5, 1809
 * Walter D. Addison (Episcopalian), from December 12, 1810
 * Secretary: Samuel A. Otis
 * Sergeant at Arms: James Mathers

House of Representatives

 * Chaplain: Robert Elliott, Baptist, until May 27, 1809
 * Jesse Lee, Methodist, from May 27, 1809
 * Clerk: Patrick Magruder
 * Doorkeeper: Thomas Claxton
 * Reading Clerks:
 * Sergeant at Arms: Thomas Dunn