1391

Year 1391 (MCCCXCI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Julian calendar.

January–December

 * June 6 – Massacre of 1391: Anti-Jewish pogroms erupt in Seville, Spain. Many thousands of Jews are massacred, and the violence spreads throughout Spain and Portugal, especially to Toledo, Barcelona and Mallorca. This event marks a turning-point in the history of the Spanish Jews, with most of the survivors leaving the Iberian Peninsula or being forced to convert.
 * July 18 – Tokhtamysh–Timur war – Battle of the Kondurcha River: Timur defeats Tokhtamysh of the Golden Horde, in present day southeast Russia.

Date unknown

 * Manuel II Palaiologos becomes Byzantine emperor after his father, John V Palaiologos, dies of a nervous breakdown, due to his continued humiliation by the Ottoman Empire.
 * Yusuf II succeeds Muhammed V, as Nasrid Sultan of Granada (now southern Spain).
 * Stephen Dabiša succeeds Stephen Tvrtko I, as King of Bosnia.
 * Shah Mansur becomes leader of the Timurid-occupied Muzaffarid Empire, in central Persia.
 * A group of Muzaffarids under Zafar Khan Muzaffar establish a new Sultanate at Gujarat, in western India.
 * Vytautas the Great, claimant to the throne of Lithuania, forms an alliance with Muscovy.
 * Roman I succeeds Petru, as Prince of Moldavia (now Moldova and northeastern Romania).
 * Konrad von Wallenrode succeeds Konrad Zöllner von Rotenstein, as Grand Master of the Teutonic Knights.
 * Bridget of Sweden is canonized by Pope Boniface IX.
 * Ushkuinik pirates from Novgorod sack the Muscovy towns of Zhukotin and Kazan.
 * The Chinese invent toilet paper for use by their emperors.
 * Henry I Sinclair, Earl of Orkney, takes control of the Shetland Islands and the Faroe Islands.
 * The University of Ferrara is founded on the Italian Peninsula.
 * The Ming government orders 50 million trees planted in the Nanjing area.

Births

 * June 24 – Joan of France, Duchess of Brittany (d. 1433)
 * July 31 – Cyriacus of Ancona, Italian merchant, "father of archaeology" (d. 1453/5)
 * October 31 – Edward, King of Portugal (d. 1438)
 * November 6 – Edmund Mortimer, 5th Earl of March, English politician (d. 1425)
 * Gedun Drub, 1st Dalai Lama (d. 1474)
 * Thomas West, 2nd Baron West, English soldier (d. 1415)

Deaths

 * January 16 – Emir Muhammed V of Granada (b. 1338)
 * February 16 – John V Palaiologos, Byzantine emperor (b. 1332)
 * March 10 – King Tvrtko I of Bosnia (b. 1338)
 * November 1 – Amadeus VII, Count of Savoy (b. 1360)
 * Gaston III, Count of Foix, co-prince of Andorra
 * date unknown
 * Petru, Prince of Moldavia
 * Margaret, Countess of Mar (approximate date)