1431

Year 1431 (MCDXXXI) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

January–December

 * January 9 – Pretrial investigations for Joan of Arc begin at Rouen in France, which is under English occupation.
 * February 21 – The trial of Joan of Arc for heresy begins.
 * March – Alexander I Aldea takes the throne of Wallachia with support from Alexander I of Moldavia.
 * March 3 – Pope Eugene IV succeeds Pope Martin V, to become the 207th pope.
 * May 30 – 19-year-old Joan of Arc is burned at the stake in Rouen.
 * June 16 – The Teutonic Knights and Švitrigaila sign the Treaty of Christmemel, creating an anti-Polish alliance.
 * September – Battle of Inverlochy: Donald Balloch defeats the Royalists.
 * October 30 – The Treaty of Medina del Campo is signed, consolidating peace between Portugal and Castille.
 * November 9 – The Battle of Ilava: The Hungarians defeat the Hussite army.
 * November 18 – A treaty in Suceava concludes an attack on Poland, launched this year by Alexander I of Moldavia during the Lithuanian Civil War.
 * December 13 – Vlad, future Prince of Wallachia as Vlad II Dracul, is made a member of the Order of the Dragon. Because of this, his son Vlad III the Impaler will inspire the literary figure named Dracula.
 * December 16 – Henry VI of England is crowned King of France at Notre-Dame de Paris.

Date unknown

 * The University of Poitiers is founded.
 * The Ayutthaya Kingdom besieges Angkor and sacks the Khmer capital, ending the Khmer Empire.
 * Nezahualcoyotl is crowned Tlatoani of the Kingdom of Texcoco.
 * Byzantine–Ottoman Wars: The Ottoman governor of Thessaly Turahan Bey breaks through the Hexamilion wall for the second time, and ravages the Peloponnese Peninsula.

Births

 * January 1 – Pope Alexander VI (d. 1503)
 * October 26 – Ercole I d'Este, Duke of Ferrara, Italian politician (d. 1505)
 * November or December – Vlad III the Impaler, Prince of Wallachia (d. 1476)
 * date unknown
 * William Elphinstone, Scottish statesman (d. 1514)
 * Helena Palaiologina, Despotess of Serbia (d. 1473)
 * Ladislaus Hunyadi, Hungarian statesman and warrior (d. 1457)
 * probable
 * William Hastings, 1st Baron Hastings (d. 1483)
 * John Neville, 1st Marquess of Montagu, English politician (d. 1471)
 * François Villon, French poet
 * Vlad III, Prince of Wallachia, A member of the House of Drăculești, as well as the Voivode of Wallachia 1456-1462

Deaths

 * January 25 – Charles II, Duke of Lorraine (b. 1364)
 * February 20 – Pope Martin V (b. 1368)
 * April 1 – Nuno Álvares Pereira, Portuguese general and religious figure
 * April 5 – Bernard I, Margrave of Baden-Baden (b. 1364)
 * April 19 – Adolph III, Count of Waldeck (b. 1362)
 * May 30 – Joan of Arc, French soldier and saint (b. c. 1412)
 * September 6 – Demetrios Laskaris Leontares, Byzantine soldier and statesman
 * December 8 – Hedwig Jagiellon, Polish and Lithuanian princess (b. 1408)
 * date unknown
 * Makhdoom Ali Mahimi, Indian Sufi mystic
 * Stanisław of Skarbimierz, Polish theologian (b. 1360)
 * Violant of Bar, queen regent of Aragon (b. 1365)