1441

January–December

 * February – The Republic of Venice annexes the seigniory of Ravenna, ending the da Polenta Dynasty.
 * February 12 – King's College, Cambridge, is founded by King Henry VI of England.
 * March 1 – Battle of Samobor: The army of Ulrich II, Count of Celje, defeats the army of Stjepan Banić at Samobor, Croatia in union with Hungary.
 * September – The Dutch–Hanseatic War concludes with the Treaty of Copenhagen.
 * November 10 – Alfonso V of Aragon lays siege to Naples.
 * November 20 – The Peace of Cremona (1441) ends the war between the Republic of Venice and the Duchy of Milan.

Date unknown

 * Ouagadougou becomes the capital of the Mossi Kingdoms.
 * Two subjects of the Ethiopian Empire attend a Christian ecclesiastical council at Florence as part of negotiations concerning a possible union of Coptic Orthodoxy and the Latin Church. This is the earliest recorded contact of the Ethiopian branch of the Coptic Church with Europe.
 * A revolt occurs in the Mayan nation of Mayapan; the Maya civilization splits into warring city-states.
 * With the help of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, governor Hacı I Giray declares his province independent of the Golden Horde and establishes the Crimean Khanate.
 * Nuno Tristão reaches the Ras Nouadhibou (Cabo Branco) on the western coast of Africa. This is probably the first voyage where a caravel is used for maritime exploration.
 * The first enslaved black Africans are brought to Europe at Lagos in the Kingdom of Portugal.

Births

 * February 9 – Ali-Shir Nava'i, Central Asian poet, politician and writer (d. 1501)
 * March 24 – Ernest, Elector of Saxony, German ruler of Saxony (d. 1486)
 * June 25 – Federico I Gonzaga, Marquess of Mantua (1478–1484) (d. 1484)
 * June 27 – John III, Count of Nassau-Weilburg, German nobleman (d. 1480)
 * July 23 – Danjong of Joseon, King of Joseon (d. 1457)
 * November 11 – Charlotte of Savoy, French queen (d. 1483)

Deaths

 * March 8 – Margaret of Burgundy, Duchess of Bavaria
 * April 1 – Blanche I of Navarre, Queen of Navarre (1425–1441) and Regent of Sicily (1404–1405 and 1408–1415)
 * June 14 – Corrado IV Trinci, former lord of Foligno
 * July 9 – Jan van Eyck, Dutch painter
 * July 12 – Kyōgoku Takakazu, Japanese noble and vassal of Ashikaga Yoshinori
 * July 12 – Ashikaga Yoshinori, Japanese shōgun (b. 1394)
 * September 25 – Akamatsu Mitsusuke, Japanese samurai
 * October 24 – Adolf, Duke of Bavaria (b. 1434)
 * October 27 – Margery Jourdemayne, Englishwoman executed for treasonable witchcraft
 * November 18 – Roger Bolingbroke, English cleric, astronomer, astrologer, magister and alleged necromancer
 * December 26 – Niccolò III d'Este, Marquis of Ferrara (b. 1383)