1554 in literature

This article contains information about the literary events and publications of 1554.

Events

 * January 25 – Missionary, writer and poet José de Anchieta is one of the founders of the city of São Paulo, Brazil.
 * unknown date – Publication of Menno Simons' Uytgangh ofte bekeeringhe begins the Dutch Golden Age of literature.

Prose

 * Matteo Bandello
 * Novelle
 * Prima Parte
 * Edmund Bonner – Profitable and Necessary Doctryne
 * Charles Estienne – Praedium Rusticum
 * Johannes Magnus – Historia de omnibus gothorum sueonumque regibus (History of all Kings of Goths and Swedes)
 * Tepetlaoztoc Codex
 * Lazarillo de Tormes (anonymous)
 * Adrianus Turnebus's edition of Corpus Hermeticum
 * Approximate year:
 * Título de Totonicapán (anonymous Kʼicheʼ language document)

Poetry

 * Anacreontea (Greek poems of 1st century BC – 6th century AD, published for first time by Henri Estienne)

Births

 * March 22 – Catherine de Parthenay, French Huguenot noblewoman, mathematician, poet, playwright and translator (died 1631)
 * October 20 – Bálint Balassi, Hungarian poet (died 1594)
 * November 11 – Luis de la Puente, Spanish theologian (died 1624)
 * November 30 – Sir Philip Sidney, English soldier and poet (died 1586)
 * Unknown date – Anrakuan Sakuden, Japanese poet (died 1642)
 * probable – Sir Walter Raleigh, writer, poet, soldier, courtier, spy and explorer (died 1618)

Deaths

 * January 16 – Christiern Pedersen, Danish scholar, writer and printer (born c. 1480)
 * April 23 – Gaspara Stampa, Italian poet (born 1523)
 * June 24 – Feliciano de Silva, Spanish writer (born c. 1491)
 * September 8 – Johann Wild, German Bible commentator (born 1497)