1878 in Scotland

Events from the year 1878 in Scotland.

Law officers

 * Lord Advocate – William Watson
 * Solicitor General for Scotland – John Macdonald

Judiciary

 * Lord President of the Court of Session and Lord Justice General – Lord Glencorse
 * Lord Justice Clerk – Lord Moncreiff

Events

 * 14 January – Alexander Graham Bell demonstrates the telephone to Queen Victoria.
 * 15 March – restoration of the Scottish hierarchy of the Roman Catholic Church, carried out on the instructions of the newly appointed Pope Leo XIII.
 * 31 May – the North British Railway's first Tay Bridge across the Firth of Tay is ceremonially opened, its engineer, Thomas Bouch, being made a burgess of Dundee. Designed in iron to replace a train ferry, it is the world's longest bridge at this date.
 * 12 December – the iron-hulled full-rigged ship Falls of Clyde is launched at Russell & Company's yard at Port Glasgow for Wright and Breakenridge's Glasgow-based Falls Line. In 1968 she will be laid up as a museum ship in Honolulu.
 * Sophia Jex-Blake sets up in practice in Edinburgh as the city's first woman doctor.
 * The hydropathic establishment in Moffat is opened.
 * Construction of forts on Inchkeith begins.
 * West coast shipping operator David Hutcheson & Co. passes wholly to control of David MacBrayne.
 * The sanitary porcelainware works at Barrhead that becomes part of Armitage Shanks is established.

Births

 * 20 January – Finlay Currie, actor (died 1968 in England)
 * 23 March – Muirhead Bone, graphic artist (died 1953 in England)
 * 12 April – Alex McDonald, footballer (died 1949)
 * 24 July – Louisa Jordan, nurse (died 1915 in Serbia)
 * 10 August – Louis Esson, poet and playwright (died 1943 in Australia)
 * 14 December – James Greenlees, rugby union footballer, educationalist and soldier (died 1951)
 * Robert Freeman, Baptist minister in the United States
 * George Wittet, architect (died 1926 in Bombay)

Deaths

 * 26 January – Kirkpatrick Macmillan, inventor of the bicycle (born 1812)
 * 19 February – George Paul Chalmers, painter (born 1833; died as the result of a street attack)
 * 6 June – Robert Stirling, Church of Scotland minister and inventor of the Stirling engine (born 1790)
 * 13 August – George Gilfillan, writer and poet (born 1813)
 * 5 December – George Whyte-Melville, novelist and poet (born 1821)
 * 31 December – James Matheson, Member of Parliament and co-founder of Jardine, Matheson & Co. (born 1796)

The arts

 * July – William McGonagall journeys on foot from Dundee to Balmoral Castle over mountainous terrain and through a violent thunderstorm in a fruitless attempt to perform his verse before Queen Victoria.