1927 in the Soviet Union

The following lists events that happened during 1927 in the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.

Incumbents

 * General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union – Joseph Stalin
 * Chairman of the Central Executive Committee of the Congress of Soviets – Mikhail Kalinin
 * Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of the Soviet Union – Alexei Rykov

February

 * 25 February – Article 58 (RSFSR Penal Code) is put into force.

May

 * 12 May – During the Arcos Affair, British police officers raid the headquarters of ARCOS in London.

December

 * 2–19 December – 15th Congress of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks)

Births

 * 14 January – Ivan Kalita, Olympic equestrian
 * 16 March – Vladimir Komarov, test pilot and cosmonaut
 * 23 March – Aleksandr Tarasov, Soviet Olympic modern pentathlete
 * 31 March – Vladimir Ilyushin, test pilot
 * 10 April – Alexey Ekimyan, Armenian-Russian composer
 * 20 April – Mirian Tsalkalamanidze, Olympic wrestler
 * 15 May – Leila Mardanshina, oil and gas operator (died 2017)
 * 16 May – Boris Tokarev, Olympic athlete
 * 28 May – Aleksandr Moiseyev, Olympic basketball player
 * 3 June – Evgeny Chuprun, painter
 * 12 June – Timir Pinegin, Olympic sailor (died 2013)
 * 23 June
 * Leonid Bogdanov, Soviet Olympic fencer
 * Galina Rumiantseva, painter
 * 26 June – Ben Turok, Belarus-born South African anti-apartheid activist, professor and politician (d. 2019)
 * 28 June – Boris Shilkov, Olympic speed skater
 * 23 July – Dmitry Buchkin, Soviet painter
 * 22 August – Aleksandr Tenyagin, football player and manager (died 2008)
 * 24 August – Levko Lukyanenko, Ukrainian politician (died 2018)
 * 15 September – Boris Gostev, Soviet Minister of Finance
 * 1 October – Oleg Yefremov, actor
 * 27 October – Mikhail Postnikov, mathematician
 * 28 October – Roza Makagonova, actress (died 1995)
 * 7 November – Piotr Litvinsky, painter
 * 12 November – Pavel Kharin, Olympic canoeist
 * 6 December – Vladimir Naumov, film director
 * 8 December – Vladimir Shatalov, Soyuz cosmonaut
 * 14 December – Nikolay Tatarinov, Olympic modern pentathlete

Deaths

 * 18 May – Nikifor Begichev, Soviet seaman and explorer (born 1874)
 * 16 June – Károly Vántus, Hungarian Communist Party politician (born 1879)
 * 16 November – Adolph Joffe, diplomat, committed suicide (born 1883)
 * 14 December – Julian Sochocki, Russian-Polish mathematician (born 1842)