1955 in the Soviet Union

The following lists events that happened during 1955 in the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.

Incumbents

 * First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union – Nikita Khrushchev
 * Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union – Kliment Voroshilov
 * Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union – Georgy Malenkov (until 8 February), Nikolai Bulganin (starting 8 February)

February

 * 27 February
 * 1955 Estonian Supreme Soviet election
 * 1955 Soviet Union regional elections

May

 * 14 May – Warsaw Pact

June

 * 2 June – Belgrade declaration

November

 * 15 November – Władysław Gomułka initiates talks about the Repatriation of Poles (1955–59).
 * 22 November – The first Soviet hydrogen bomb, RDS-37, is tested.
 * 30 November – The 1st Soviet Antarctic Expedition begins.

December

 * 31 December – The Pospelov Commission is set up.

Births

 * 1 January – Gennady Lyachin, Russian submarine captain (d. 2000)
 * 29 January – Zebiniso Rustamova, archer
 * 10 February – Oksana Shvets, Ukrainian actress (d. 2022)
 * 22 March – Valdis Zatlers, President of Latvia
 * 16 May – Olga Korbut, Belorussian Olympic gymnast
 * 11 June – Yuriy Sedykh, Ukrainian hammer thrower (d. 2021)
 * 1 July – Nikolai Demidenko, pianist
 * 7 August – Vladimir Sorokin, writer
 * 7 September – Efim Zelmanov, mathematician
 * 13 October – Sergei Shepelev, ice hockey player

Deaths

 * 6 January – Yevgeny Tarle, historian (born 1874)
 * 19 March – Leonid Govorov, military commander (born 1897)
 * 30 September – Michael Chekhov, actor (born 1891)
 * 25 Aplil-Marina Cvetaeva,writer