1980 in the Soviet Union

The following lists events that happened during 1980 in the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.

Incumbents

 * General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union: Leonid Brezhnev (1964–1982)
 * Premier of the Soviet Union: Alexei Kosygin (1964–1980), Nikolai Tikhonov (1980–1985)

Events

 * 19 July–3 August – The Olympics take place in Moscow.
 * Soviet–Afghan War

Births

 * 20 February – Zurab Yevloyev, former Russian professional football player
 * 12 June – Denys Monastyrsky, Ukrainian politician (died 2023)
 * 22 June – Ilya Bryzgalov, former Russian ice hockey player
 * 20 September – Vladimir Karpets, Russian cyclist

Deaths

 * 10 February – Suren Tovmasyan, First Secretary of the Communist Party of Armenia (1953–1960) (born 1910)
 * 1 March – Daniil Khrabrovitsky, film director (born 1923)
 * 9 March – Nikolay Bogolyubov, actor (born 1899)
 * 11 March – Mikhail Kaufman, cinematographer and photographer (born 1897)
 * 11 April – Yakov Zarobyan, First Secretary of the Communist Party of Armenia (1960–1966) (born 1908)
 * 7 July – Prince Dmitri Alexandrovich of Russia (born 1901)
 * 17 July – Boris Delaunay, mathematician (born 1890)
 * 20 July – Lado Gudiashvili, painter (born 1896)
 * 25 July – Vladimir Vysotsky, singer-songwriter, poet and actor (born 1938)
 * 4 October – Pyotr Masherov, First Secretary of the Communist Party of Byelorussia (1965–1980) (born 1918)
 * 20 November – Avtandil Gogoberidze, football player (born 1922)
 * 18 December – Alexei Kosygin, Premier of the Soviet Union (1964–1980) (born 1904)
 * Date unknown
 * Akaki Mgeladze, First Secretary of the Georgian Communist Party (1952–1953) (born 1910)