1992 Italian Senate election in Lombardy

Lombardy elected its eleventh delegation to the Italian Senate on April 5, 1992. This election was a part of national Italian general election of 1992 even if, according to the Italian Constitution, every senatorial challenge in each Region is a single and independent race.

The election was won by the centrist Christian Democracy, as it happened at national level. Seven Lombard provinces gave a majority or at least a plurality to the winning party, while the Swiss-bordering Province of Varese and Province of Como preferred the federalist Northern League.

Background
After quite five decades of exceptional political stability, the election of 1992 marked a revolution. Umberto Bossi's Northern League, acting as a catch-all party, took votes from all other parties on a base of tax protest and a federalist project. Christian Democracy lost more than in the previous 30 years, the former Communists, now divided between the Democratic Party of the Left and the Communist Refoundation Party, more than ever, as well as all the other parties.

Electoral system
The electoral system for the Senate was a strange hybrid which established a form of proportional representation into FPTP-like constituencies. A candidate needed a landslide victory of more than 65% of votes to obtain a direct mandate. All constituencies where this result was not reached entered into an at-large calculation based upon the D'Hondt method to distribute the seats between the parties, and candidates with the best percentages of suffrages inside their party list were elected.

Results
!rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top"|Party !rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"|votes !rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"|votes (%) !rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"|seats !rowspan="1" align="center" valign="top"|swing !align="left" valign="top"|Christian Democracy !align="left" valign="top"|Northern League !align="left" valign="top"|Democratic Party of the Left !align="left" valign="top"|Italian Socialist Party !align="left" valign="top"|Communist Refoundation !align="left" valign="top"|Italian Republican Party !align="left" valign="top"|Italian Social Movement !align="left" valign="top"|Federation of the Greens !align="left" valign="top"|Italian Liberal Party !align="left" valign="top"|Lombard Alpine League !align="left" valign="top"|Others & PSDI & PR !rowspan="1" align="left" valign="top"|Total parties !rowspan="1" align="right" valign="top"|5,621,749 !rowspan="1" align="right" valign="top"|100.0 !rowspan="1" align="right" valign="top"|48 !rowspan="1" align="right" valign="top"|= Sources: Italian Ministry of the Interior Note: PRC as a spinoff of PCI/PDS merged with DP.
 * - bgcolor="#E9E9E9"
 * - bgcolor="#E9E9E9"
 * valign="top"|1,414,109
 * valign="top"|25.2
 * valign="top"|14
 * valign="top"|4
 * valign="top"|1,150,022
 * valign="top"|20.5
 * valign="top"|11
 * valign="top"|10
 * valign="top"|726,737
 * valign="top"|12.9
 * valign="top"|7
 * valign="top"|5
 * valign="top"|694,008
 * valign="top"|12.4
 * valign="top"|7
 * valign="top"|1
 * valign="top"|316,355
 * valign="top"|5.6
 * valign="top"|3
 * valign="top"|2
 * valign="top"|232,292
 * valign="top"|4.1
 * valign="top"|2
 * valign="top"|=
 * valign="top"|197,110
 * valign="top"|3.5
 * valign="top"|1
 * valign="top"|1
 * valign="top"|175,721
 * valign="top"|3.1
 * valign="top"|1
 * valign="top"|=
 * valign="top"|143,473
 * valign="top"|2.6
 * valign="top"|1
 * valign="top"|=
 * valign="top"|119,153
 * valign="top"|2.1
 * valign="top"|1
 * valign="top"|1
 * valign="top"|452,169
 * valign="top"|8.0
 * valign="top"|-
 * valign="top"|2
 * - bgcolor="#E9E9E9"
 * }

Constituencies
!align="left" valign="top"|N° !align="center" valign="top"|Constituency !align="center" valign="top"|Elected !align="center" valign="top"|Party !align="center" valign="top"|Votes % !align="center" valign="top"|Others Speroni's second election
 * - bgcolor="#E9E9E9"
 * - bgcolor="#E9E9E9"
 * align="left"|1
 * align="left"|Bergamo
 * align="left"|Renato Ravasio
 * align="left"|Renato Ravasio
 * align="left"|Christian Democracy

22.6% seat ceded to Pagliarini Luigi Moretti Elidio De Paoli''' Northern League Lombard Alpine League 26.3% 3.5% Giancarlo Pagliarini''' Northern League 20.7% Francesco Tabladini''' Northern League 22.3% Vittorio Marniga''' Italian Socialist Party 14.0% Leoni already elected
 * align="left"|33.5%
 * align="left"|
 * align="left"|2
 * align="left"|Clusone
 * align="left"|'''Severino Citaristi
 * align="left"|'''Severino Citaristi
 * align="left"|Christian Democracy
 * align="left"|37.3%
 * align="left"|
 * align="left"|3
 * align="left"|Treviglio
 * align="left"|'''Andreino Carrara
 * align="left"|'''Andreino Carrara
 * align="left"|Christian Democracy
 * align="left"|33.9%
 * align="left"|
 * align="left"|4
 * align="left"|Brescia
 * align="left"|'''Mino Martinazzoli
 * align="left"|'''Mino Martinazzoli
 * align="left"|Christian Democracy
 * align="left"|30.8%
 * align="left"|
 * align="left"|5
 * align="left"|Breno
 * align="left"|'''Maria Paola Colombo
 * align="left"|'''Maria Paola Colombo
 * align="left"|Christian Democracy
 * align="left"|32.9%
 * align="left"|
 * align="left"|6
 * align="left"|Chiari
 * align="left"|Bruno Ferrari
 * align="left"|Bruno Ferrari
 * align="left"|Christian Democracy

21.4% Luigi Roscia''' Northern League 24.3% Luigi Roveda''' Northern League 22.5% Elia Manara''' Northern League 25.4% Marco Pezzoni''' Democratic Party of the Left 16.9% Gino Scevarolli''' Italian Socialist Party 14.2% Carlo Scognamiglio''' Italian Liberal Party 9.0% Unconstitutional result Unconstitutional result
 * align="left"|35.4%
 * align="left"|
 * align="left"|7
 * align="left"|Salò
 * align="left"|'''Elio Fontana
 * align="left"|'''Elio Fontana
 * align="left"|Christian Democracy
 * align="left"|30.5%
 * align="left"|
 * align="left"|8
 * align="left"|Como
 * align="left"|Gianfranco Miglio
 * align="left"|Northern League
 * align="left"|27.6%
 * align="left"|
 * align="left"|9
 * align="left"|Lecco
 * align="left"|'''Cesare Golfari
 * align="left"|Lecco
 * align="left"|'''Cesare Golfari
 * align="left"|Christian Democracy
 * align="left"|29.8%
 * align="left"|
 * align="left"|10
 * align="left"|Cantù
 * align="left"|'''Giuseppe Guzzetti
 * align="left"|'''Giuseppe Guzzetti
 * align="left"|Christian Democracy
 * align="left"|28.8%
 * align="left"|
 * align="left"|11
 * align="left"|Cremona
 * align="left"|'''Walter Montini
 * align="left"|'''Walter Montini
 * align="left"|Christian Democracy
 * align="left"|26.6%
 * align="left"|
 * align="left"|12
 * align="left"|Crema
 * align="left"|Mario Campagnoli
 * align="left"|Christian Democracy
 * align="left"|31.4%
 * align="left"|
 * align="left"|13
 * align="left"|Mantua
 * align="left"|Roberto Borroni
 * align="left"|Democratic Party of the Left
 * align="left"|16.6%
 * align="left"|Paolo Gibertoni (LN) 20.3%
 * align="left"|14
 * align="left"|Ostiglia
 * align="left"|'''Giuseppe Chiarante
 * align="left"|14
 * align="left"|Ostiglia
 * align="left"|'''Giuseppe Chiarante
 * align="left"|Democratic Party of the Left
 * align="left"|25.3%
 * align="left"|
 * align="left"|15
 * align="left"|Milan 1
 * align="left"|'''Antonio Maccanico
 * align="left"|'''Antonio Maccanico
 * align="left"|Italian Republican Party
 * align="left"|16.6%
 * align="left"|
 * align="left"|16
 * align="left"|Milan 2
 * align="left"|Giorgio Covi
 * align="left"|Giorgio Covi
 * align="left"|Italian Republican Party

6.2% 4.5% ''seat ceded to Resta seat ceded to Molinari'' Emilio Molinari''' Federation of the Greens 4.2% Giorgio Ruffolo''' Italian Socialist Party 14.5% Giorgio Gangi Luigi Vinci''' Italian Socialist Party Communist Refoundation 14.3% 7.7% Armando Cossutta''' Communist Refoundation 8.9% Giampaolo Paini Francesco Forte''' Northern League Italian Socialist Party 23.7% 16.4% Giuseppe Leoni''' Northern League 25.3%
 * align="left"|11.1%
 * align="left"|
 * align="left"|17
 * align="left"|Milan 3
 * align="left"|Giuseppe Resta
 * align="left"|Italian Social Movement
 * align="left"|5.3%
 * align="left"|
 * align="left"|18
 * align="left"|Milan 4
 * align="left"|Maccanico's second election
 * align="left"|
 * align="left"|12.2%
 * align="left"|seat ceded to Covi
 * align="left"|19
 * align="left"|Milan 5
 * align="left"|'''Agata Alma Campiello
 * align="left"|19
 * align="left"|Milan 5
 * align="left"|'''Agata Alma Campiello
 * align="left"|Italian Socialist Party
 * align="left"|13.7%
 * align="left"|
 * align="left"|20
 * align="left"|Milan 6
 * align="left"|'''Giovanna Senesi
 * align="left"|'''Giovanna Senesi
 * align="left"|Democratic Party of the Left
 * align="left"|16.5%
 * align="left"|
 * align="left"|21
 * align="left"|Abbiategrasso
 * align="left"|Achille Cutrera
 * align="left"|Italian Socialist Party
 * align="left"|14.5%
 * align="left"|
 * align="left"|22
 * align="left"|Rho
 * align="left"|'''Carlo Smuraglia
 * align="left"|Rho
 * align="left"|'''Carlo Smuraglia
 * align="left"|Democratic Party of the Left
 * align="left"|16.7%
 * align="left"|
 * align="left"|23
 * align="left"|Monza
 * align="left"|None elected
 * align="left"|
 * align="left"|
 * align="left"|
 * align="left"|24
 * align="left"|Vimercate
 * align="left"|Luigi Granelli
 * align="left"|Christian Democracy
 * align="left"|25.7%
 * align="left"|
 * align="left"|25
 * align="left"|Lodi
 * align="left"|Anna Maria Pedrazzi
 * align="left"|Democratic Party of the Left
 * align="left"|18.3%
 * align="left"|
 * align="left"|26
 * align="left"|Pavia
 * align="left"|Pierangelo Giovannoli
 * align="left"|Democratic Party of the Left
 * align="left"|15.6%
 * align="left"|
 * align="left"|27
 * align="left"|Voghera
 * align="left"|Luigi Meriggi
 * align="left"|Communist Refoundation
 * align="left"|7.7%
 * align="left"|
 * align="left"|28
 * align="left"|Vigevano
 * align="left"|'''Carlo Pisati
 * align="left"|7.7%
 * align="left"|
 * align="left"|28
 * align="left"|Vigevano
 * align="left"|'''Carlo Pisati
 * align="left"|'''Carlo Pisati
 * align="left"|Northern League
 * align="left"|21.8%
 * align="left"|
 * align="left"|29
 * align="left"|Sondrio
 * align="left"|'''Vittorino Colombo
 * align="left"|'''Vittorino Colombo
 * align="left"|Christian Democracy
 * align="left"|29.8%
 * align="left"|
 * align="left"|30
 * align="left"|Varese
 * align="left"|'''Giuseppe Zamberletti
 * align="left"|'''Giuseppe Zamberletti
 * align="left"|Christian Democracy
 * align="left"|26.1%
 * align="left"|
 * align="left"|31
 * align="left"|Busto Arsizio
 * align="left"|Francesco Speroni
 * align="left"|Northern League
 * align="left"|27.8%
 * align="left"|
 * }
 * }


 * No senator obtained a direct mandate. Please remember that the electoral system was, in the other cases, a form of proportional representation and not a FPTP race: so candidates winning with a simple plurality could have (and usually had) a candidate (usually a Christian democrat) with more votes in their constituency.

Substitutions

 * Paolo Gibertoni for Mantua (20.3%) replaced Luigi Moretti in 1992. Reason: resignation.