2005 in Europe

This is a list of 2005 events that occurred in Europe.

Incumbents

 * 🇦🇱 Albania
 * President – Alfred Moisiu, President of Albania (2002–2007)
 * Prime Minister –
 * Fatos Nano, Prime Minister of Albania (2002–2005)
 * Sali Berisha, Prime Minister of Albania (2005–2013)
 * 🇦🇩 Andorra
 * Monarchs –
 * French Co-Prince – Jacques Chirac, French Co-prince of Andorra (1995–2007)
 * Co-Prince's Representative – Philippe Massoni (2002–2007)
 * Episcopal Co-Prince – Joan Enric Vives Sicília, Episcopal Co-prince of Andorra (2003–present)
 * Co-Prince's Representative – Nemesi Marqués Oste (1993–2012)
 * Prime Minister –
 * Marc Forné Molné, Head of Government of Andorra (1994–2005)
 * Albert Pintat, Head of Government of Andorra (2005–2009)
 * 🇦🇲 Armenia
 * President – Robert Kocharyan, President of Armenia (1998–2008)
 * Prime Minister – Andranik Margaryan, Prime Minister of Armenia (2000–2007)
 * 🇦🇹 Austria
 * President – Heinz Fischer, Federal President of Austria (2004–2016)
 * Chancellor – Wolfgang Schüssel, Federal Chancellor of Austria (2000–2007)
 * 🇦🇿 Azerbaijan
 * President – Ilham Aliyev, President of Azerbaijan (2003–present)
 * Prime Minister – Artur Rasizade, Prime Minister of Azerbaijan (2003–2018)
 * Nagorno-Karabakh (unrecognised, secessionist state)
 * President – Arkadi Ghukasyan, President of Nagorno-Karabakh (1997–2007)
 * Prime Minister – Anushavan Danielyan, Prime Minister of Nagorno-Karabakh (1999–2007)
 * 🇧🇾 Belarus
 * President – Alexander Lukashenko, President of Belarus (1994–present)
 * Prime Minister – Sergei Sidorsky, Prime Minister of Belarus (2003–2010)
 * 🇧🇪 Belgium
 * Monarch – Albert II, King of the Belgians (1993–2013)
 * Prime Minister – Guy Verhofstadt, Prime Minister of Belgium (1999–2008)
 * 🇧🇦 Bosnia and Herzegovina
 * Head of State – Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina
 * Serb Member – Borislav Paravac (2003–2006; Chairman of the Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina, 2004–2005)
 * Bosniak Member – Sulejman Tihić (2002–2006)
 * Croat Member –
 * Dragan Čović (2002–2005)
 * Ivo Miro Jović (2005–2006; Chairman of the Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina, 2005–2006)
 * Prime Minister – Adnan Terzić, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Bosnia and Herzegovina (2002–2007)
 * High Representative – Lord (Paddy) Ashdown, High Representative for Bosnia and Herzegovina (2002–2006)
 * 🇧🇬 Bulgaria
 * President – Georgi Parvanov, President of Bulgaria (2002–2012)
 * Prime Minister –
 * Simeon Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, Prime Minister of Bulgaria (2001–2005)
 * Sergei Stanishev, Prime Minister of Bulgaria (2005–2009)
 * 🇭🇷 Croatia
 * President – Stjepan Mesić, President of Croatia (2000–2010)
 * Prime Minister – Ivo Sanader, Prime Minister of Croatia (2003–2009)
 * 🇨🇾 Cyprus
 * President – Tassos Papadopoulos, President of Cyprus (2003–2008)
 * Northern Cyprus (unrecognised, secessionist state)
 * President –
 * Rauf Denktaş, President of Northern Cyprus (1976–2005)
 * Mehmet Ali Talat, President of Northern Cyprus (2005–2010)
 * Prime Minister –
 * Mehmet Ali Talat, Prime Minister of Northern Cyprus (2004–2005)
 * Ferdi Sabit Soyer, Prime Minister of Northern Cyprus (2005–2009)
 * 🇨🇿 Czech Republic
 * President – Václav Klaus, President of the Czech Republic (2003–2013)
 * Prime Minister –
 * Stanislav Gross, Prime Minister of the Czech Republic (2004–2005)
 * Jiří Paroubek, Prime Minister of the Czech Republic (2005–2006)
 * 🇩🇰 Denmark
 * Monarch – Margrethe II, Queen of Denmark (1972–2024)
 * Prime Minister – Anders Fogh Rasmussen, Prime Minister of Denmark (2001–2009)
 * 🇪🇪 Estonia
 * President – Arnold Rüütel, President of Estonia (2001–2006)
 * Prime Minister –
 * Juhan Parts, Prime Minister of Estonia (2003–2005)
 * Andrus Ansip, Prime Minister of Estonia (2005–2014)
 * 🇪🇺 European Union
 * President of the European Commission – José Manuel Barroso
 * President of the Parliament – Josep Borrell
 * President of the European Council –
 * Jean-Claude Juncker (January–June)
 * Tony Blair (July–December)
 * Presidency of the Council of the EU –
 * Luxembourg (January–July)
 * United Kingdom (July–December)
 * 🇫🇮 Finland
 * President – Tarja Halonen, President of Finland (2000–2012)
 * Prime Minister – Matti Vanhanen, Prime Minister of Finland (2003–2010)
 * 🇫🇷 France
 * President – Jacques Chirac, President of France (1995–2007)
 * Prime Minister –
 * Jean-Pierre Raffarin, Prime Minister of France (2002–2005)
 * Dominique de Villepin, Prime Minister of France (2005–2007)
 *  Georgia
 * President – Mikheil Saakashvili, President of Georgia (2004–2007)
 * Prime Minister –
 * Zurab Zhvania, Prime Minister of Georgia (2004–2005)
 * Zurab Noghaideli, Prime Minister of Georgia (2005–2007)
 * Abkhazia (unrecognised, secessionist state)
 * President –
 * Vladislav Ardzinba, President of Abkhazia (1990–2005)
 * Sergei Bagapsh, President of Abkhazia (2005–2011)
 * Prime Minister –
 * Nodar Khashba, Prime Minister of Abkhazia (2004–2005)
 * Alexander Ankvab, Prime Minister of Abkhazia (2005–2010)
 * South Ossetia (unrecognised, secessionist state)
 * President – Eduard Kokoity, President of South Ossetia (2001–2011)
 * Prime Minister –
 * Igor Sanakoyev, Prime Minister of South Ossetia (2003–2005)
 * Zurab Kokoyev, Acting Prime Minister of South Ossetia (2005)
 * Yury Morozov, Prime Minister of South Ossetia (2005–2008)
 * 🇩🇪 Germany
 * President – Horst Köhler, Federal President of Germany (2004–2010)
 * Chancellor –
 * Gerhard Schröder, Federal Chancellor of Germany (1998–2005)
 * Angela Merkel, Federal Chancellor of Germany (2005–2021)
 * 🇬🇷 Greece
 * President –
 * Konstantinos Stephanopoulos, President of Greece (1995–2005)
 * Karolos Papoulias, President of Greece (2005–2015)
 * Prime Minister – Kostas Karamanlis, Prime Minister of Greece (2004–2009)
 * 🇭🇺 Hungary
 * President –
 * Ferenc Mádl, President of Hungary (2000–2005)
 * László Sólyom, President of Hungary (2005–2010)
 * Prime Minister – Ferenc Gyurcsány, Prime Minister of Hungary (2004–2009)
 * 🇮🇸 Iceland
 * President – Ólafur Ragnar Grímsson, President of Iceland (1996–2016)
 * Prime Minister – Halldór Ásgrímsson, Prime Minister of Iceland (2004–2006)
 * 🇮🇪 Ireland
 * President – Mary McAleese, President of Ireland (1997–2011)
 * Prime Minister – Bertie Ahern, Taoiseach of Ireland (1997–2008)
 * 🇮🇹 Italy
 * President – Carlo Azeglio Ciampi, President of Italy (1999–2006)
 * Prime Minister – Silvio Berlusconi, President of the Council of Ministers of Italy (2001–2006)
 * 🇱🇻 Latvia
 * President – Vaira Vīķe-Freiberga, President of Latvia (1999–2007)
 * Prime Minister – Aigars Kalvītis, Prime Minister of Latvia (2004–2007)
 * 🇱🇮 Liechtenstein
 * Monarch – Hans-Adam II, Prince Regnant of Liechtenstein (1989–present)
 * Regent – Hereditary Prince Alois, Regent of Liechtenstein (2004–present)
 * Prime Minister – Otmar Hasler, Head of Government of Liechtenstein (2001–2009)
 * 🇱🇹 Lithuania
 * President – Valdas Adamkus, President of Lithuania (2004–2009)
 * Prime Minister – Algirdas Brazauskas, Prime Minister of Lithuania (2001–2006)
 * 🇱🇺 Luxembourg
 * Monarch – Henri, Grand Duke of Luxembourg (2000–present)
 * Prime Minister – Jean-Claude Juncker, Prime Minister of Luxembourg (1995–2013)
 * 🇲🇰 Macedonia
 * President – Branko Crvenkovski, President of Macedonia (2004–2009)
 * Prime Minister – Vlado Bučkovski, President of the Government of Macedonia (2004–2006)
 * 🇲🇹 Malta
 * President – Eddie Fenech Adami, President of Malta (2004–2009)
 * Prime Minister – Lawrence Gonzi, Prime Minister of Malta (2004–2013)
 * 🇲🇩 Moldova
 * President – Vladimir Voronin, President of Moldova (2001–2009)
 * Prime Minister – Vasile Tarlev, Prime Minister of Moldova (2001–2008)
 * Transnistria (unrecognised, secessionist state)
 * President – Igor Smirnov, President of Transnistria (1990–2011)
 * 🇲🇨 Monaco
 * Monarch –
 * Rainier III, Sovereign Prince of Monaco (1949–2005)
 * Albert II, Sovereign Prince of Monaco (2005–present)
 * Regent – Hereditary Prince Albert, Regent of Monaco (2005)
 * Prime Minister –
 * Patrick Leclercq, Minister of State of Monaco (2000–2005)
 * Jean-Paul Proust, Minister of State of Monaco (2005–2010)
 *  Kingdom of the Netherlands
 * Monarch – Beatrix, Queen of the Netherlands (1980–2013)
 * 🇳🇱 Netherlands (constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands)
 * Prime Minister – Jan Peter Balkenende, Prime Minister of the Netherlands (2002–2010)
 * Netherlands Antilles (constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands)
 * see 
 * 🇦🇼 Aruba (constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands)
 * see 
 * 🇳🇴 Norway
 * Monarch – Harald V, King of Norway (1991–present)
 * Regent – Crown Prince Haakon, Regent of Norway (2005)
 * Prime Minister –
 * Kjell Magne Bondevik, Prime Minister of Norway (2001–2005)
 * Jens Stoltenberg, Prime Minister of Norway (2005–2013)
 * 🇵🇱 Poland
 * President –
 * Aleksander Kwaśniewski, President of Poland (1995–2005)
 * Lech Kaczyński, President of Poland (2005–2010)
 * Prime Minister –
 * Marek Belka, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Poland (2004–2005)
 * Kazimierz Marcinkiewicz, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Poland (2005–2006)
 * 🇵🇹 Portugal
 * President – Jorge Sampaio, President of Portugal (1996–2006)
 * Prime Minister –
 * Pedro Santana Lopes, Prime Minister of Portugal (2004–2005)
 * José Sócrates, Prime Minister of Portugal (2005–2011)
 * 🇷🇴 Romania
 * President – Traian Băsescu, President of Romania (2004–2014)
 * Prime Minister – Călin Popescu-Tăriceanu, Prime Minister of Romania (2004–2008)
 * 🇷🇺 Russia
 * President – Vladimir Putin, President of Russia (1999–2008)
 * Prime Minister – Mikhail Fradkov, Chairman of the Government of Russia (2004–2007)
 * 🇸🇲 San Marino
 * Captains-Regent –
 * Giuseppe Arzilli and Roberto Raschi, Captains Regent of San Marino (2004–2005)
 * Fausta Morganti and Cesare Gasperoni, Captains Regent of San Marino (2005)
 * Claudio Muccioli and Antonello Bacciocchi, Captains Regent of San Marino (2005–2006)
 *  Serbia and Montenegro
 * President – Svetozar Marović, President of Serbia and Montenegro (2003–2006)
 * Prime Minister – Svetozar Marović, Prime Minister of Serbia and Montenegro (2003–2006)
 * Kosovo (Self-Governing Entity under UN administration)
 * President – Ibrahim Rugova, President of Kosovo (2002–2006)
 * Prime Minister –
 * Ramush Haradinaj, Prime Minister of Kosovo (2004–2005)
 * Adem Salihaj, Acting Prime Minister of Kosovo (2005–2005)
 * Bajram Kosumi, Prime Minister of Kosovo (2005–2006)
 * UN Special Representative – Søren Jessen-Petersen, Special Representative of the UN Secretary-General for Kosovo (2004–2006)
 * 🇸🇰 Slovakia
 * President – Ivan Gašparovič, President of Slovakia (2004–2014)
 * Prime Minister – Mikuláš Dzurinda, Prime Minister of Slovakia (1998–2006)
 * 🇸🇮 Slovenia
 * President – Janez Drnovšek, President of Slovenia (2002–2007)
 * Prime Minister – Janez Janša, Prime Minister of Slovenia (2004–2008)
 * 🇪🇸 Spain
 * Monarch – Juan Carlos I, King of Spain (1975–2014)
 * Prime Minister – José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero, President of the Government of Spain (2004–2011)
 * 🇸🇪 Sweden
 * Monarch – Carl XVI Gustaf, King of Sweden (1973–present)
 * Prime Minister – Göran Persson, Prime Minister of Sweden (1996–2006)
 * 🇨🇭 Switzerland
 * Council – Federal Council of Switzerland
 * Members – Moritz Leuenberger (1995–2010), Pascal Couchepin (1998–2009), Joseph Deiss (1999–2006), Samuel Schmid (2000–2008; President of Switzerland, 2005), Micheline Calmy-Rey (2002–2011), Christoph Blocher (2003–2007), and Hans-Rudolf Merz (2003–2010)
 * 🇹🇷 Turkey
 * President – Ahmet Necdet Sezer, President of Turkey (2000–2007)
 * Prime Minister – Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, Prime Minister of Turkey (2003–2014)
 * 🇺🇦 Ukraine
 * President –
 * Leonid Kuchma, President of Ukraine (1994–2005)
 * Viktor Yushchenko, President of Ukraine (2005–2010)
 * Prime Minister –
 * Viktor Yanukovych, Prime Minister of Ukraine (2002–2005)
 * Mykola Azarov, Acting Prime Minister of Ukraine (2005)
 * Yulia Tymoshenko, Prime Minister of Ukraine (2005)
 * Yuriy Yekhanurov, Prime Minister of Ukraine (2005–2006)
 * 🇬🇧 United Kingdom
 * Monarch – Elizabeth II, Queen of the United Kingdom (1952–present)
 * Prime Minister – Tony Blair, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1997–2007)
 * 🇮🇲 Isle of Man (Crown dependency of the United Kingdom)
 * Lieutenant-Governor –
 * Ian Macfadyen, Lieutenant Governor of the Isle of Man (2000–2005)
 * Mike Kerruish, Acting Lieutenant Governor of the Isle of Man (2005)
 * Sir Paul Haddacks, Lieutenant Governor of the Isle of Man (2005–2011)
 * Chief Minister – Donald Gelling, Chief Minister of the Isle of Man (2004–2006)
 * 🇬🇬 Guernsey (Crown dependency of the United Kingdom)
 * Lieutenant-Governor –
 * Sir John Foley, Lieutenant Governor of Guernsey (2000–2005)
 * Sir Geoffrey Rowland, Acting Lieutenant Governor of Guernsey (2005)
 * Sir Fabian Malbon, Lieutenant Governor of Guernsey (2005–2011)
 * Chief Minister – Laurie Morgan, Chief Minister of Guernsey (2004–2007)
 * 🇯🇪 Jersey (Crown dependency of the United Kingdom)
 * Lieutenant-Governor – Sir John Cheshire, Lieutenant Governor of Jersey (2001–2006)
 * Chief Minister – Frank Walker, Chief Minister of Jersey (2005–2008)
 * 🇬🇮 Gibraltar (Overseas Territory of the United Kingdom)
 * Governor – Sir Francis Richards, Governor of Gibraltar (2003–2006)
 * Chief Minister – Peter Caruana, Chief Minister of Gibraltar (1996–2011)
 * 🇻🇦 Vatican City
 * Monarch –
 * Pope John Paul II, Sovereign of Vatican City (1978–2005)
 * Cardinal Eduardo Martínez Somalo and Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger; interim Government during sede vacante (2005)
 * Pope Benedict XVI, Sovereign of Vatican City (2005–2013)
 * Head of Government – Cardinal Edmund Szoka, President of the Governorate of Vatican City (1997–2006)
 * Holy See (sui generis subject of public international law)
 * Secretary of State – Cardinal Angelo Sodano, Cardinal Secretary of State (1990–2006)

April
April 24 – Fernando Alonso wins the San Marino Grand Prix against Michael Schumacher, starting the Alonso–Schumacher rivalry

October
October 3 – Accession negotiations for full membership in the European Union between Croatia and Turkey have officially started.