2023 United States state legislative elections

The 2023 United States state legislative elections were held on November 7, 2023, for eight state legislative chambers in four states. These off-year elections coincided with other state and local elections, including gubernatorial elections in three states. Special elections were held throughout the year in several states.

The Democratic Party flipped control of Virginia's lower house, the House of Delegates, which it had lost two years earlier, and retained its majority in Virginia's upper house, the Senate. Democrats also expanded their majority in the New Jersey Legislature. The Republican Party strengthened its majorities in the Mississippi and Louisiana legislatures.

Summary table
Regularly-scheduled elections were held in 8 of the 99 state legislative chambers in the United States. Nationwide, regularly-scheduled elections were or are to be held for 578 of the 7,383 legislative seats. This table only covers regularly-scheduled elections; additional special elections may take place concurrently with these regularly-scheduled elections.

Election predictions
Several sites and individuals publish predictions of competitive chambers. These predictions look at factors such as the strength of the party, the strength of the candidates, and the partisan leanings of the state (reflected in part by the state's Cook Partisan Voting Index rating). The predictions assign ratings to each chambers, with the rating indicating the predicted advantage that a party has in winning that election.

Most election predictors use:
 * " Tossup ": No advantage
 * " Tilt ": Advantage that is not quite as strong as "lean"
 * " Lean ": Slight advantage
 * " Likely ": Significant, but surmountable, advantage
 * " Safe " or " Solid ": Near-certain chance of victory

Louisiana
All seats of the Louisiana State Senate and the Louisiana House of Representatives were up for election to four-year terms in 2023. Republicans retained control of both chambers.

Mississippi
All seats of the Mississippi State Senate and the Mississippi House of Representatives were up for election to four-year terms in 2023. Republicans retained control of both chambers.

New Jersey
All seats of the New Jersey Senate and the New Jersey General Assembly were up for election. In 2023, senators were be elected to four-year terms in single-member districts, while Assembly members were be elected to two-year terms in two-member districts. Democrats retained control in both chambers, expanding their majority in the General Assembly.

Virginia
All seats of the Virginia Senate and the Virginia House of Delegates were up for election in 2023. Senators were elected to four-year terms, while delegates serve terms of two years. At the time of the elections, the Democrats controlled the Senate while the Republicans controlled the House of Delegates. Following the elections, the Democrats flipped control of the House of Delegates and held on to the Senate with a reduced majority.

Special elections
There were fifty-one state legislative special elections scheduled for 2023. The Democratic Party flipped a seat in the Virginia Senate on January 10 and a seat in the New Hampshire House of Representatives on September 19. The Republican Party flipped a seat in the Maine House of Representatives on June 13 and a seat in the Massachusetts Senate on November 7.