27th United States Congress

The 27th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C., between March 4, 1841, and March 4, 1843, during the one-month presidency of William Henry Harrison and the first two years of the presidency of his successor, John Tyler. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1830 United States census. Both chambers had a Whig majority, making the 27th Congress the only Whig-controlled Congress of the Second Party System.

Major events

 * March 4, 1841: William Henry Harrison was inaugurated as President of the United States
 * April 4, 1841: President Harrison died and Vice President John Tyler became President
 * August 16, 1841: President Tyler's veto of a bill to re-establish the Second Bank of the United States led Whig Party members to riot outside the White House in the most violent demonstration on White House grounds in U.S. history.
 * May 19, 1842: Dorr Rebellion
 * December 17, 1842: Samuel W. Trotti of South Carolina, became the first Italian American to serve in Congress.

Major legislation

 * April 19, 1841: Bankruptcy Act of 1841, ch. 9,
 * September 4, 1841: Preemption Act of 1841, ch. 16,
 * August 4, 1842: Armed Occupation Act,
 * August 30, 1842: Tariff of 1842 ("Black Tariff"), ch. 270,

Treaties

 * August 9, 1842: Webster-Ashburton Treaty signed, establishing the United States–Canada border east of the Rocky Mountains.

Senate

 * President: John Tyler (W), until April 4, 1841, thereafter vacant
 * Presidents pro tempore: William R. King (D), elected March 4, 1841
 * Samuel L. Southard (W), elected March 11, 1841
 * Willie P. Mangum (W), elected May 31, 1842

House of Representatives

 * Speaker: John D. White (W)

Members
This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed in order of seniority, and representatives are listed by district.


 * Skip to House of Representatives, below

Senate
Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring re-election in 1844; Class 2 meant their term began with this Congress, requiring re-election in 1846; and Class 3 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring re-election in 1842.

Alabama

 * 2. William R. King (D)
 * 3. Clement C. Clay (D), until November 15, 1841
 * Arthur P. Bagby (D), from November 24, 1841

Arkansas

 * 2. William Fulton (D)
 * 3. Ambrose Sevier (D)

Connecticut

 * 1. Jabez W. Huntington (W)
 * 3. Perry Smith (D)

Delaware

 * 1. Richard H. Bayard (W)
 * 2. Thomas Clayton (W)

Georgia

 * 2. John Macpherson Berrien (W)
 * 3. Alfred Cuthbert (D)

Illinois

 * 2. Samuel McRoberts (D)
 * 3. Richard M. Young (D)

Indiana

 * 1. Albert S. White (W)
 * 3. Oliver H. Smith (W)

Kentucky

 * 2. James T. Morehead (W)
 * 3. Henry Clay (W), until March 31, 1842
 * John J. Crittenden (W), from March 31, 1842

Louisiana

 * 2. Alexander Barrow (W)
 * 3. Alexander Mouton (D), until March 1, 1842
 * Charles M. Conrad (W), from April 14, 1842

Maine

 * 1. Reuel Williams (D), until February 15, 1843
 * 2. George Evans (W)

Maryland

 * 1. William D. Merrick (W)
 * 3. John L. Kerr (W)

Massachusetts

 * 1. Rufus Choate (W)
 * 2. Isaac C. Bates (W)

Michigan

 * 1. Augustus S. Porter (W)
 * 2. William Woodbridge (W)

Mississippi

 * 1. John Henderson (W)
 * 2. Robert J. Walker (D)

Missouri

 * 1. Thomas H. Benton (D)
 * 3. Lewis F. Linn (D)

New Hampshire

 * 2. Levi Woodbury (D)
 * 3. Franklin Pierce (D), until February 28, 1842
 * Leonard Wilcox (D), from March 1, 1842

New Jersey

 * 1. Samuel L. Southard (W), until June 26, 1842
 * William L. Dayton (W), from July 2, 1842
 * 2. Jacob W. Miller (W)

New York

 * 1. Nathaniel P. Tallmadge (W)
 * 3. Silas Wright Jr. (D)

North Carolina

 * 2. Willie P. Mangum (W)
 * 3. William A. Graham (W)

Ohio

 * 1. Benjamin Tappan (D)
 * 3. William Allen (D)

Pennsylvania

 * 1. Daniel Sturgeon (D)
 * 3. James Buchanan (D)

Rhode Island

 * 1. Nathan Dixon (W), until January 29, 1842
 * William Sprague III (W), from February 18, 1842
 * 2. James F. Simmons (W)

South Carolina

 * 2. John C. Calhoun (D)
 * 3. William C. Preston (W), until November 29, 1842
 * George McDuffie (D), from December 23, 1842

Tennessee

 * 1. Alfred O. P. Nicholson (D), until February 7, 1842
 * 2. vacant

Vermont

 * 1. Samuel S. Phelps (W)
 * 3. Samuel Prentiss (W), until April 11, 1842
 * Samuel C. Crafts (W), from April 23, 1842

Virginia

 * 1. William C. Rives (W)
 * 2. William S. Archer (W)





Alabama
All representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket.
 * At-large. Reuben Chapman (D)
 * At-large. George S. Houston (D)
 * At-large. Dixon H. Lewis (D)
 * At-large. William W. Payne (D)
 * At-large. Benjamin Shields (D)

Arkansas

 * At-large. Edward Cross (D)

Connecticut

 * Connecticut's 1st congressional district. Joseph Trumbull (W)
 * Connecticut's 2nd congressional district. William W. Boardman (W)
 * Connecticut's 3rd congressional district. Thomas W. Williams (W)
 * Connecticut's 4th congressional district. Thomas B. Osborne (W)
 * Connecticut's 5th congressional district. Truman Smith (W)
 * Connecticut's 6th congressional district. John H. Brockway (W)

Delaware

 * At-large. George B. Rodney (W)

Georgia
All representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket.
 * At-large. Julius C. Alford (W), until October 1, 1841
 * Edward J. Black (D), from January 3, 1842
 * At-large. William C. Dawson (W), until November 13, 1841
 * Walter T. Colquitt (D), from January 3, 1842
 * At-large. Thomas F. Foster (W)
 * At-large. Roger L. Gamble (W)
 * At-large. Richard W. Habersham (W), until December 2, 1842
 * George W. Crawford (W), from January 7, 1843
 * At-large. Thomas Butler King (W)
 * At-large. James Meriwether (W)
 * At-large. Eugenius Nisbet (W), until October 12, 1841
 * Mark A. Cooper (D), from January 3, 1842
 * At-large. Lott Warren (W)

Illinois

 * Illinois's 1st congressional district. John Reynolds (D)
 * Illinois's 2nd congressional district. Zadok Casey (Ind. D)
 * Illinois's 3rd congressional district. John T. Stuart (W)

Indiana

 * Indiana's 1st congressional district. George H. Proffit (W)
 * Indiana's 2nd congressional district. Richard W. Thompson (W)
 * Indiana's 3rd congressional district. Joseph L. White (W)
 * Indiana's 4th congressional district. James H. Cravens (W)
 * Indiana's 5th congressional district. Andrew Kennedy (D)
 * Indiana's 6th congressional district. David Wallace (W)
 * Indiana's 7th congressional district. Henry S. Lane (W)

Kentucky

 * Kentucky's 1st congressional district. Linn Boyd (D)
 * Kentucky's 2nd congressional district. Philip Triplett (W)
 * Kentucky's 3rd congressional district. Joseph R. Underwood (W)
 * Kentucky's 4th congressional district. Bryan Owsley (W)
 * Kentucky's 5th congressional district. John B. Thompson (W)
 * Kentucky's 6th congressional district. Willis Green (W)
 * Kentucky's 7th congressional district. John Pope (W)
 * Kentucky's 8th congressional district. James Sprigg (W)
 * Kentucky's 9th congressional district. John White (W)
 * Kentucky's 10th congressional district. Thomas F. Marshall (W)
 * Kentucky's 11th congressional district. Landaff W. Andrews (W)
 * Kentucky's 12th congressional district. Garrett Davis (W)
 * Kentucky's 13th congressional district. William O. Butler (D)

Louisiana

 * Louisiana's 1st congressional district. Edward D. White (W)
 * Louisiana's 2nd congressional district. John B. Dawson (D)
 * Louisiana's 3rd congressional district. John Moore (W)

Maine

 * Maine's 1st congressional district. Nathan Clifford (D)
 * Maine's 2nd congressional district. William P. Fessenden (W)
 * Maine's 3rd congressional district. Benjamin Randall (W)
 * Maine's 4th congressional district. David Bronson (W), from May 31, 1841
 * Maine's 5th congressional district. Nathaniel Littlefield (D)
 * Maine's 6th congressional district. Alfred Marshall (D)
 * Maine's 7th congressional district. Joshua A. Lowell (D)
 * Maine's 8th congressional district. Elisha Allen (W)

Maryland
The 4th district was a plural district with two representatives.
 * Maryland's 1st congressional district. Isaac Jones (W)
 * Maryland's 2nd congressional district. James A. Pearce (W)
 * Maryland's 3rd congressional district. James W. Williams (D), until December 2, 1842
 * Charles S. Sewall (D), from January 2, 1843
 * Maryland's 4th congressional district. John P. Kennedy (W)
 * Maryland's 4th congressional district. Alexander Randall (W)
 * Maryland's 5th congressional district. William Cost Johnson (W)
 * Maryland's 6th congressional district. John Mason (D)
 * Maryland's 7th congressional district. Augustus R. Sollers (W)

Massachusetts

 * Massachusetts's 1st congressional district. Robert C. Winthrop (W), until May 25, 1842
 * Nathan Appleton (W), from June 9, 1842, until September 28, 1842
 * Robert C. Winthrop (W), from November 29, 1842
 * Massachusetts's 2nd congressional district. Leverett Saltonstall I (W)
 * Massachusetts's 3rd congressional district. Caleb Cushing (W)
 * Massachusetts's 4th congressional district. William Parmenter (D)
 * Massachusetts's 5th congressional district. Levi Lincoln Jr. (W), until March 16, 1841
 * Charles Hudson (W), from May 3, 1841
 * Massachusetts's 6th congressional district. Osmyn Baker (W)
 * Massachusetts's 7th congressional district. George N. Briggs (W)
 * Massachusetts's 8th congressional district. William B. Calhoun (W)
 * Massachusetts's 9th congressional district. William S. Hastings (W), until June 17, 1842
 * Massachusetts's 10th congressional district. Nathaniel B. Borden (W)
 * Massachusetts's 11th congressional district. Barker Burnell (W)
 * Massachusetts's 12th congressional district. John Quincy Adams (W)

Michigan

 * At-large. Jacob M. Howard (W)

Mississippi
All representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket.
 * At-large. William M. Gwin (D)
 * At-large. Jacob Thompson (D)

Missouri
All representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket.
 * At-large. John C. Edwards (D)
 * At-large. John Miller (D)

New Hampshire
All representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket.
 * At-large. Charles G. Atherton (D)
 * At-large. Edmund Burke (D)
 * At-large. Ira A. Eastman (D)
 * At-large. John R. Reding (D)
 * At-large. Tristram Shaw (D)

New Jersey
All representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket.
 * At-large. John B. Aycrigg (W)
 * At-large. William Halstead (W)
 * At-large. John P. B. Maxwell (W)
 * At-large. Joseph F. Randolph (W)
 * At-large. Charles C. Stratton (W)
 * At-large. Thomas J. Yorke (W)

New York
There were four plural districts, the 8th, 17th, 22nd & 23rd had two representatives each, the 3rd had four representatives.
 * New York's 1st congressional district. Charles A. Floyd (D)
 * New York's 2nd congressional district. Joseph Egbert (D)
 * New York's 3rd congressional district. Charles G. Ferris (D)
 * New York's 3rd congressional district. John McKeon (D)
 * New York's 3rd congressional district. James I. Roosevelt (D)
 * New York's 3rd congressional district. Fernando Wood (D)
 * New York's 4th congressional district. Aaron Ward (D)
 * New York's 5th congressional district. Richard D. Davis (D)
 * New York's 6th congressional district. James G. Clinton (D)
 * New York's 7th congressional district. John Van Buren (D)
 * New York's 8th congressional district. Jacob Houck Jr. (D)
 * New York's 8th congressional district. Robert McClellan (D)
 * New York's 9th congressional district. Hiram P. Hunt (W)
 * New York's 10th congressional district. Daniel D. Barnard (W)
 * New York's 11th congressional district. Archibald L. Linn (W)
 * New York's 12th congressional district. Bernard Blair (W)
 * New York's 13th congressional district. Thomas A. Tomlinson (W)
 * New York's 14th congressional district. Henry Bell Van Rensselaer (W)
 * New York's 15th congressional district. John Sanford (D)
 * New York's 16th congressional district. Andrew W. Doig (D)
 * New York's 17th congressional district. David P. Brewster (D)
 * New York's 17th congressional district. John G. Floyd (D)
 * New York's 18th congressional district. Thomas C. Chittenden (W)
 * New York's 19th congressional district. Samuel S. Bowne (D)
 * New York's 20th congressional district. Samuel Gordon (D)
 * New York's 21st congressional district. John C. Clark (W)
 * New York's 22nd congressional district. Samuel Partridge (D)
 * New York's 22nd congressional district. Lewis Riggs (D)
 * New York's 23rd congressional district. Victory Birdseye (W)
 * New York's 23rd congressional district. A. Lawrence Foster (W)
 * New York's 24th congressional district. Christopher Morgan (W)
 * New York's 25th congressional district. John Maynard (W)
 * New York's 26th congressional district. Francis Granger (W), until March 5, 1841
 * John Greig (W), from May 21, 1841, until September 25, 1841
 * Francis Granger (W), from November 27, 1841
 * New York's 27th congressional district. William M. Oliver (D)
 * New York's 28th congressional district. Timothy Childs (W)
 * New York's 29th congressional district. Seth M. Gates (W)
 * New York's 30th congressional district. John Young (W)
 * New York's 31st congressional district. Staley N. Clarke (W)
 * New York's 32nd congressional district. Millard Fillmore (W)
 * New York's 33rd congressional district. Alfred Babcock (W)

North Carolina

 * North Carolina's 1st congressional district. Kenneth Rayner (W)
 * North Carolina's 2nd congressional district. John R. J. Daniel (D)
 * North Carolina's 3rd congressional district. Edward Stanly (W)
 * North Carolina's 4th congressional district. William Washington (W)
 * North Carolina's 5th congressional district. James I. McKay (D)
 * North Carolina's 6th congressional district. Archibald H. Arrington (D)
 * North Carolina's 7th congressional district. Edmund Deberry (W)
 * North Carolina's 8th congressional district. Romulus M. Saunders (D)
 * North Carolina's 9th congressional district. Augustine H. Shepperd (W)
 * North Carolina's 10th congressional district. Abraham Rencher (W)
 * North Carolina's 11th congressional district. Greene Caldwell (D)
 * North Carolina's 12th congressional district. James Graham (W)
 * North Carolina's 13th congressional district. Lewis Williams (W), until February 23, 1842
 * Anderson Mitchell (W), from April 27, 1842

Ohio

 * Ohio's 1st congressional district. Nathanael G. Pendleton (W)
 * Ohio's 2nd congressional district. John B. Weller (D)
 * Ohio's 3rd congressional district. Patrick Goode (W)
 * Ohio's 4th congressional district. Jeremiah Morrow (W)
 * Ohio's 5th congressional district. William Doan (D)
 * Ohio's 6th congressional district. Calvary Morris (W)
 * Ohio's 7th congressional district. William Russell (W)
 * Ohio's 8th congressional district. Joseph Ridgway (W)
 * Ohio's 9th congressional district. William Medill (D)
 * Ohio's 10th congressional district. Samson Mason (W)
 * Ohio's 11th congressional district. Benjamin S. Cowen (W)
 * Ohio's 12th congressional district. Joshua Mathiot (W)
 * Ohio's 13th congressional district. James Mathews (D)
 * Ohio's 14th congressional district. George Sweeny (D)
 * Ohio's 15th congressional district. Sherlock Andrews (W)
 * Ohio's 16th congressional district. Joshua R. Giddings (W), until March 22, 1842, and from December 5, 1842
 * Ohio's 17th congressional district. John Hastings (D)
 * Ohio's 18th congressional district. Ezra Dean (D)
 * Ohio's 19th congressional district. Samuel Stokely (W)

Pennsylvania
There were two plural districts, the 2nd had two representatives, the 4th had three representatives.
 * Pennsylvania's 1st congressional district. Charles Brown (D)
 * Pennsylvania's 2nd congressional district. George W. Toland (W)
 * Pennsylvania's 2nd congressional district. John Sergeant (W), until September 15, 1841
 * Joseph R. Ingersoll (W), from October 12, 1841
 * Pennsylvania's 3rd congressional district. Charles J. Ingersoll (D)
 * Pennsylvania's 4th congressional district. Jeremiah Brown (W)
 * Pennsylvania's 4th congressional district. John Edwards (W)
 * Pennsylvania's 4th congressional district. Francis James (W)
 * Pennsylvania's 5th congressional district. Joseph Fornance (D)
 * Pennsylvania's 6th congressional district. Robert Ramsey (W)
 * Pennsylvania's 7th congressional district. John Westbrook (D)
 * Pennsylvania's 8th congressional district. Peter Newhard (D)
 * Pennsylvania's 9th congressional district. George M. Keim (D)
 * Pennsylvania's 10th congressional district. William Simonton (W)
 * Pennsylvania's 11th congressional district. James Gerry (D)
 * Pennsylvania's 12th congressional district. James Cooper (W)
 * Pennsylvania's 13th congressional district. Amos Gustine (D)
 * Pennsylvania's 14th congressional district. James Irvin (W)
 * Pennsylvania's 15th congressional district. Benjamin A. Bidlack (D)
 * Pennsylvania's 16th congressional district. John Snyder (D)
 * Pennsylvania's 17th congressional district. Davis Dimock Jr. (D), until January 13, 1842
 * Almon H. Read (D), from March 18, 1842
 * Pennsylvania's 18th congressional district. Charles Ogle (W), until May 10, 1841
 * Henry Black (W), from June 28, 1841, until November 28, 1841
 * James M. Russell (W), from December 21, 1841
 * Pennsylvania's 19th congressional district. Albert G. Marchand (D)
 * Pennsylvania's 20th congressional district. Enos Hook (D), until April 18, 1841
 * Henry W. Beeson (D), from May 31, 1841
 * Pennsylvania's 21st congressional district. Joseph Lawrence (W), until April 17, 1842
 * Thomas M. T. McKennan (W), from May 30, 1842
 * Pennsylvania's 22nd congressional district. William W. Irwin (W)
 * Pennsylvania's 23rd congressional district. William Jack (D)
 * Pennsylvania's 24th congressional district. Thomas Henry (W)
 * Pennsylvania's 25th congressional district. Arnold Plumer (D)

Rhode Island
Both representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket.
 * At-large. Robert B. Cranston (W)
 * At-large. Joseph L. Tillinghast (W)

South Carolina

 * South Carolina's 1st congressional district. Isaac E. Holmes (D)
 * South Carolina's 2nd congressional district. Robert Rhett (D)
 * South Carolina's 3rd congressional district. John Campbell (D)
 * South Carolina's 4th congressional district. Sampson H. Butler (D), until September 27, 1842
 * Samuel W. Trotti (D), from December 17, 1842
 * South Carolina's 5th congressional district. Francis W. Pickens (D)
 * South Carolina's 6th congressional district. William Butler (W)
 * South Carolina's 7th congressional district. James Rogers (D)
 * South Carolina's 8th congressional district. Thomas D. Sumter (D)
 * South Carolina's 9th congressional district. Patrick C. Caldwell (D)

Tennessee

 * Tennessee's 1st congressional district. Thomas D. Arnold (W)
 * Tennessee's 2nd congressional district. Abraham McClellan (D)
 * Tennessee's 3rd congressional district. Joseph L. Williams (W)
 * Tennessee's 4th congressional district. Thomas Campbell (W)
 * Tennessee's 5th congressional district. Hopkins L. Turney (D)
 * Tennessee's 6th congressional district. William B. Campbell (W)
 * Tennessee's 7th congressional district. Robert L. Caruthers (W)
 * Tennessee's 8th congressional district. Meredith P. Gentry (W)
 * Tennessee's 9th congressional district. Harvey M. Watterson (D)
 * Tennessee's 10th congressional district. Aaron V. Brown (D)
 * Tennessee's 11th congressional district. Cave Johnson (D)
 * Tennessee's 12th congressional district. Milton Brown (W)
 * Tennessee's 13th congressional district. Christopher Williams (W)

Vermont

 * Vermont's 1st congressional district. Hiland Hall (W)
 * Vermont's 2nd congressional district. William Slade (W)
 * Vermont's 3rd congressional district. Horace Everett (W)
 * Vermont's 4th congressional district. Augustus Young (W)
 * Vermont's 5th congressional district. John Mattocks (W)

Virginia

 * Virginia's 1st congressional district. Francis Mallory (W)
 * Virginia's 2nd congressional district. George B. Cary (D)
 * Virginia's 3rd congressional district. John W. Jones (D)
 * Virginia's 4th congressional district. William Goode (D)
 * Virginia's 5th congressional district. Edmund W. Hubard (D)
 * Virginia's 6th congressional district. Walter Coles (D)
 * Virginia's 7th congressional district. William L. Goggin (W)
 * Virginia's 8th congressional district. Henry A. Wise (W)
 * Virginia's 9th congressional district. Robert M. T. Hunter (W)
 * Virginia's 10th congressional district. John Taliaferro (W)
 * Virginia's 11th congressional district. John M. Botts (W)
 * Virginia's 12th congressional district. Thomas W. Gilmer (W)
 * Virginia's 13th congressional district. Linn Banks (D), until December 6, 1841
 * William Smith (D), from December 6, 1841
 * Virginia's 14th congressional district. Cuthbert Powell (W)
 * Virginia's 15th congressional district. Richard W. Barton (W)
 * Virginia's 16th congressional district. William Harris (D)
 * Virginia's 17th congressional district. Alexander Stuart (W)
 * Virginia's 18th congressional district. George W. Hopkins (D)
 * Virginia's 19th congressional district. George W. Summers (W)
 * Virginia's 20th congressional district. Samuel Hays (D)
 * Virginia's 21st congressional district. Lewis Steenrod (D)

Non-voting members

 * Florida Territory's at-large congressional district. David Levy Yulee (D)
 * Iowa Territory's at-large congressional district. Augustus C. Dodge (D)
 * Wisconsin Territory's at-large congressional district. Henry Dodge (D)

27 us house membership.png]]

Changes in membership
The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.

Senate

 * Replacements: 9
 * Democrats: no net change
 * Whigs: no net change
 * Deaths: 2
 * Resignations: 8
 * Interim appointments: 0
 * Vacancy: 1
 * Total seats with changes: 10


 * Alabama (3)
 * | Clement C. Clay (D)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Resigned November 15, 1841
 * | Arthur P. Bagby (D)
 * Elected November 24, 1841
 * Rhode Island (1)
 * | Nathan F. Dixon (W)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Died January 29, 1842
 * | William Sprague (W)
 * Elected February 18, 1842
 * Tennessee (1)
 * | Alfred O. P. Nicholson (D)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Resigned February 7, 1842
 * Vacant
 * Not filled this term
 * New Hampshire (3)
 * | Franklin Pierce (D)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Resigned February 28, 1842
 * | Leonard Wilcox (D)
 * Appointed March 1, 1842, and subsequently elected
 * Louisiana (3)
 * | Alexandre Mouton (D)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Resigned March 1, 1842, after being elected Governor of Louisiana
 * | Charles M. Conrad (W)
 * Appointed April 14, 1842
 * Kentucky (3)
 * | Henry Clay (W)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Resigned March 31, 1842
 * | John J. Crittenden (W)
 * Appointed March 31, 1842, and subsequently elected
 * Vermont (3)
 * | Samuel Prentiss (W)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Resigned April 11, 1842, to become judge of the U.S. District Court of Vermont
 * | Samuel C. Crafts (W)
 * Appointed April 23, 1842, and subsequently elected
 * New Jersey (1)
 * | Samuel L. Southard (W)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Died June 26, 1842
 * | William L. Dayton (W)
 * Appointed July 2, 1842
 * South Carolina (3)
 * | William C. Preston (W)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Resigned November 29, 1842
 * | George McDuffie (D)
 * Elected December 23, 1842
 * Maine (1)
 * | Reuel Williams (D)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Resigned February 15, 1843
 * Vacant
 * Not filled this term
 * }
 * style="font-size:80%" | Resigned November 29, 1842
 * | George McDuffie (D)
 * Elected December 23, 1842
 * Maine (1)
 * | Reuel Williams (D)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Resigned February 15, 1843
 * Vacant
 * Not filled this term
 * }
 * }

House of Representatives

 * Replacements: 17
 * Democrats: 3 seat net gain
 * Whigs: 3 seat net loss
 * Deaths: 8
 * Resignations: 12
 * Contested election: 1
 * Total seats with changes: 20


 * Maine's 4th congressional district
 * Vacant
 * style="font-size:80%" | Rep. George Evans resigned in previous congress
 * | David Bronson (W)
 * Seated May 31, 1841
 * New York's 26th congressional district
 * | Francis Granger (W)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Resigned March 5, 1841, after being appointed United States Postmaster General
 * | John Greig (W)
 * Seated May 21, 1841
 * Massachusetts's 5th congressional district
 * | Levi Lincoln Jr. (W)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Resigned March 16, 1841, after being appointed Collector of the port of Boston
 * | Charles Hudson (W)
 * Seated May 3, 1841
 * Pennsylvania's 20th congressional district
 * | Enos Hook (D)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Resigned April 18, 1841
 * | Henry W. Beeson (D)
 * Seated May 31, 1841
 * Pennsylvania's 18th congressional district
 * | Charles Ogle (W)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Died May 10, 1841
 * | Henry Black (W)
 * Seated June 28, 1841
 * Pennsylvania's 2nd congressional district
 * | John Sergeant (W)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Resigned September 15, 1841
 * | Joseph R. Ingersoll (W)
 * Seated October 12, 1841
 * New York's 26th congressional district
 * | John Greig (W)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Resigned September 25, 1841
 * | Francis Granger (W)
 * Seated November 27, 1841
 * Georgia's at-large congressional district
 * | Julius C. Alford (W)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Resigned October 1, 1841
 * | Edward J. Black (D)
 * Seated January 3, 1842
 * Georgia's at-large congressional district
 * | Eugenius A. Nisbet (W)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Resigned October 12, 1841
 * | Mark A. Cooper (D)
 * Seated January 3, 1842
 * Georgia's at-large congressional district
 * | William C. Dawson (W)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Resigned November 13, 1841
 * | Walter T. Colquitt (D)
 * Seated January 3, 1842
 * Pennsylvania's 18th congressional district
 * | Henry Black (W)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Died November 28, 1841
 * | James M. Russell (W)
 * Seated December 21, 1841
 * Virginia's 13th congressional district
 * | Linn Banks (D)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Lost contested election December 6, 1841
 * | William Smith (D)
 * Seated December 6, 1841
 * Pennsylvania's 17th congressional district
 * | Davis Dimock Jr. (D)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Died January 13, 1842
 * | Almon H. Read (D)
 * Seated March 18, 1842
 * North Carolina's 13th congressional district
 * | Lewis Williams (W)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Died February 23, 1842
 * | Anderson Mitchell (W)
 * Seated April 27, 1842
 * Ohio's 16th congressional district
 * | Joshua R. Giddings (W)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Resigned March 22, 1842, after vote of his censure and re-elected to same seat
 * | Joshua R. Giddings (W)
 * Seated December 5, 1842
 * Pennsylvania's 21st congressional district
 * | Joseph Lawrence (W)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Died April 17, 1842
 * | Thomas M. T. McKennan (W)
 * Seated May 30, 1842
 * Massachusetts's 1st congressional district
 * | Robert C. Winthrop (W)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Resigned May 25, 1842
 * | Nathan Appleton (W)
 * Seated June 9, 1842
 * Massachusetts's 9th congressional district
 * | William S. Hastings (W)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Died June 17, 1842
 * Vacant
 * Not filled this Congress
 * South Carolina's 4th congressional district
 * | Sampson H. Butler (D)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Resigned September 27, 1842
 * | Samuel W. Trotti (D)
 * Seated December 17, 1842
 * Massachusetts's 1st congressional district
 * | Nathan Appleton (W)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Resigned September 28, 1842
 * | Robert C. Winthrop (W)
 * Seated November 29, 1842
 * Georgia's at-large congressional district
 * | Richard W. Habersham (W)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Died December 2, 1842
 * | George W. Crawford (W)
 * Seated January 7, 1843
 * Maryland's 3rd congressional district
 * | James W. Williams (D)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Died December 2, 1842
 * | Charles S. Sewall (D)
 * Seated January 2, 1843
 * }
 * style="font-size:80%" | Resigned September 27, 1842
 * | Samuel W. Trotti (D)
 * Seated December 17, 1842
 * Massachusetts's 1st congressional district
 * | Nathan Appleton (W)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Resigned September 28, 1842
 * | Robert C. Winthrop (W)
 * Seated November 29, 1842
 * Georgia's at-large congressional district
 * | Richard W. Habersham (W)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Died December 2, 1842
 * | George W. Crawford (W)
 * Seated January 7, 1843
 * Maryland's 3rd congressional district
 * | James W. Williams (D)
 * style="font-size:80%" | Died December 2, 1842
 * | Charles S. Sewall (D)
 * Seated January 2, 1843
 * }
 * | Charles S. Sewall (D)
 * Seated January 2, 1843
 * }

Committees
Lists of committees and their party leaders.

Senate

 * Agriculture (Chairman: Lewis F. Linn)
 * Audit and Control the Contingent Expenses of the Senate (Chairman: Albert S. White then Benjamin Tappan)
 * Claims (Chairman: William A. Graham)
 * Commerce (Chairman: Jabez Huntington)
 * Distributing Public Revenue Among the States (Select)
 * District of Columbia (Chairman: Richard H. Bayard)
 * Finance (Chairman: Clement C. Clay)
 * Fiscal Corporation of the United States (Select)
 * Foreign Relations (Chairman: William C. Rives then William S. Archer)
 * Indian Affairs (Chairman: James T. Morehead then Albert White)
 * Judiciary (Chairman: John M. Berrien)
 * Manufactures (Chairman: George Evans)
 * Military Affairs (Chairman: William C. Preston then John J. Crittenden)
 * Militia (Chairman: Samuel S. Phelps)
 * Naval Affairs (Chairman: Willie P. Mangum)
 * Patents and the Patent Office (Chairman: Samuel Prentiss then John Leeds Kerr then Samuel S. Phelps)
 * Pensions (Chairman: Isaac C. Bates)
 * Post Office and Post Roads (Chairman: John Henderson)
 * Printing (Chairman: N/A)
 * Private Land Claims (Chairman: Richard H. Bayard)
 * Public Buildings and Grounds (Chairman: Alexander Barrow)
 * Public Lands (Chairman: Oliver H. Smith)
 * Revolutionary Claims (Chairman: Nathan F. Dixon)
 * Roads and Canals (Chairman: Augustus S. Porter)
 * Tariff Regulation (Select)
 * Whole

House of Representatives

 * Accounts (Chairman: Osmyn Baker)
 * Agriculture (Chairman: Edmund Deberry)
 * Apportionment of Representatives (Select)
 * Claims (Chairman: Joshua Giddings)
 * Commerce (Chairman: John P. Kennedy)
 * District of Columbia (Chairman: Joseph R. Underwood)
 * Elections (Chairman: William Halstead)
 * Expenditures in the Navy Department (Chairman: Thomas Jones Yorke)
 * Expenditures in the Post Office Department (Chairman: Joshua A. Lowell)
 * Expenditures in the State Department (Chairman: John Van Buren)
 * Expenditures in the Treasury Department (Chairman: A. Lawrence Foster)
 * Expenditures in the War Department (Chairman: James Iver McKay)
 * Expenditures on Public Buildings (Chairman: Cave Johnson)
 * Foreign Affairs (Chairman: Caleb Cushing then John Quincy Adams)
 * Indian Affairs (Chairman: John Quincy Adams)
 * Invalid Pensions (Chairman: Calvary Morris)
 * Judiciary (Chairman: Daniel D. Barnard)
 * Manufactures (Chairman: Leverett Saltonstall I)
 * Memorial of the Agricultural Bank of Mississippi (Select)
 * Mileage (Chairman: Thomas W. Williams)
 * Military Affairs (Chairman: William C. Dawson)
 * Militia (Chairman: George May Keim)
 * Naval Affairs (Chairman: Henry A. Wise)
 * Patents (Chairman: Thomas B. Osborne)
 * Post Office and Post Roads (Chairman: George N. Briggs)
 * Private Land Claims (Chairman: John Moore)
 * Public Buildings and Grounds (Chairman: William W. Boardman)
 * Public Expenditures (Chairman: James Graham)
 * Public Lands (Chairman: William C. Johnson then Jeremiah Morrow then Reuben Chapman then Jeremiah Morrow)
 * Revisal and Unfinished Business (Chairman: Francis James)
 * Revolutionary Claims (Chairman: Hiland Hall)
 * Revolutionary Pensions (Chairman: John Taliaferro)
 * Roads and Canals (Chairman: Joseph Lawrence)
 * Rules (Select)
 * Standards of Official Conduct
 * Territories (Chairman: Garrett Davis)
 * Ways and Means (Chairman: Millard Fillmore)
 * Whole

Joint committees

 * Enrolled Bills (Chairman: Sen. Augustus Porter then Sen. William Sprague)
 * The Library (Chairman: N/A)

Employees

 * Librarian of Congress: John Silva Meehan

Senate

 * Secretary: Asbury Dickins
 * Sergeant at Arms: Stephen Haight, until March 8, 1841
 * Edward Dyer, elected March 8, 1841
 * Chaplain: George G. Cookman, Methodist, until June 12, 1841
 * Septimus Tustin, Presbyterian, elected June 12, 1841

House of Representatives

 * Clerk: Hugh A. Garland, until May 31, 1841
 * Matthew St. Clair Clarke, elected May 31, 1841
 * Sergeant at Arms: Roderick Dorsey, until June 8, 1841
 * Eleazor M. Townsend, elected June 8, 1841
 * Doorkeeper: Joseph Follansbee
 * Postmaster: William J. McCormick
 * Chaplain: John W. French, Episcopalian, elected May 31, 1841
 * John N. Maffit, Methodist, elected December 6, 1841
 * Frederick T. Tiffany, Episcopalian, elected December 5, 1842
 * Reading Clerks: