38th United States Congress

The 38th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C., from March 4, 1863, to March 4, 1865, during the last two years of President Abraham Lincoln's first term in office. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1860 United States census. The Senate had a Republican majority, and the House of Representatives had a Republican plurality.

Major events

 * American Civil War, which had started in 1861, continued through this Congress and ended later in 1865
 * January 8, 1863: Ground broken in Sacramento, California, on the construction of the First transcontinental railroad in the United States
 * November 19, 1863: Gettysburg Address
 * November 8, 1864: President Abraham Lincoln is reelected, defeating George McClellan.

Major legislation

 * April 22, 1864: Coinage Act of 1864, Sess. 1, ch. 66,
 * June 25, 1864: Washington County Public Schools Act ("An Act to provide for the Public Instruction of Youth in the County of Washington, District of Columbia, and for other Purposes"), Sess. 1, ch. 156,
 * June 30, 1864: Yosemite Valley Grant Act, Sess. 1,
 * March 3, 1865: Freedmen's Bureau, Sess. 2, ch. 90,

Major bills not enacted

 * Wade–Davis Bill passed both houses July 2, 1864, but pocket vetoed

Constitutional amendments

 * January 31, 1865: Approved an amendment to the United States Constitution abolishing slavery in the United States and involuntary servitude, except as punishment for a crime, and submitted it to the state legislatures for ratification
 * Amendment was later ratified on December 6, 1865, becoming the Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution

Treaties ratified

 * February 9, 1865: Chippewa Indians,

States

 * June 19, 1863: West Virginia admitted (formed from a portion of Virginia),  (see also )
 * October 31, 1864: Nevada admitted, (see also )

Territories

 * May 26, 1864: Montana Territory organized, Sess. 1, ch. 95,

States in rebellion
The Confederacy fielded armies and sustained the rebellion into a second Congress, but the Union did not accept secession and secessionists were not eligible for Congress. Elections held in Missouri and Kentucky seated all members to the House and Senate for the 38th Congress. Elections held among Unionists in Virginia, Tennessee and Louisiana were marred by disruption resulting in turnouts that were so low compared with 1860, that Congress did not reseat the candidates with a majority of the votes cast.
 * In rebellion 1862–64 according to the Emancipation Proclamation were Arkansas, Texas, Louisiana (parts), Mississippi, Alabama, Florida, Georgia, South Carolina, North Carolina and Virginia (parts). Tennessee was not held to be in rebellion as of the end of 1862.

Party summary
The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this Congress, and includes members from vacancies and newly admitted states, when they were first seated. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below in the "Changes in membership" section.

Senate
During this Congress, two seats were added for each of the new states of Nevada and West Virginia, thereby adding four new seats.

House of Representatives
[[File:38 us house membership.png|thumb|400px|

Before this Congress, the 1860 United States Census and resulting reapportionment changed the size of the House to 241 members. During this Congress, one seat was added for the new state of Nevada, and three seats were reapportioned from Virginia to the new state of West Virginia.

Senate

 * President: Hannibal Hamlin (R)
 * President pro tempore: Solomon Foot (R), until April 13, 1864
 * Daniel Clark (R), elected April 26, 1864

Majority (Republican) leadership

 * Republican Conference Chairman: Henry B. Anthony

House of Representatives

 * Speaker: Schuyler Colfax (R)

Majority (Republican) leadership

 * Republican Conference Chairman: Justin S. Morrill
 * Chairman, Committee on Ways and Means: Thaddeus Stevens (R)

Members
This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed by class, and representatives are listed by district.
 * Skip to House of Representatives, below

Senate
Senators were elected by the state legislatures every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1868; Class 2 meant their term ended in this Congress, requiring reelection in 1864; and Class 3 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring reelection in 1866.

Alabama

 * 2. Vacant
 * 3. Vacant

Arkansas

 * 2. Vacant
 * 3. Vacant

California

 * 1. John Conness (R)
 * 3. James A. McDougall (D)

Connecticut

 * 1. James Dixon (R)
 * 3. Lafayette S. Foster (R)

Delaware

 * 1. James A. Bayard Jr. (D), until January 29, 1864
 * George Read Riddle (D), from February 2, 1864
 * 2. Willard Saulsbury Sr. (D)

Florida

 * 1. Vacant
 * 3. Vacant

Georgia

 * 2. Vacant
 * 3. Vacant

Illinois

 * 2. William A. Richardson (D)
 * 3. Lyman Trumbull (R)

Indiana

 * 1. Thomas A. Hendricks (D)
 * 3. Henry S. Lane (R)

Iowa

 * 2. James W. Grimes (R)
 * 3. James Harlan (R)

Kansas

 * 2. Jim Lane (R)
 * 3. Samuel C. Pomeroy (R)

Kentucky

 * 2. Lazarus W. Powell (D)
 * 3. Garrett Davis (U)

Louisiana

 * 2. Vacant
 * 3. Vacant

Maine

 * 1. Lot M. Morrill (R)
 * 2. William P. Fessenden (R), until July 1, 1864
 * Nathan A. Farwell (R), from October 27, 1864

Maryland

 * 1. Reverdy Johnson (U)
 * 3. Thomas H. Hicks (UU), until February 14, 1865

Massachusetts

 * 1. Charles Sumner (R)
 * 2. Henry Wilson (R)

Michigan

 * 1. Zachariah Chandler (R)
 * 2. Jacob M. Howard (R)

Minnesota

 * 1. Alexander Ramsey (R)
 * 2. Morton S. Wilkinson (R)

Mississippi

 * 1. Vacant
 * 2. Vacant

Missouri

 * 1. John B. Henderson (UU)
 * 3. Robert Wilson (UU), until November 13, 1863
 * B. Gratz Brown (UU), from November 13, 1863

Nevada

 * 1. William M. Stewart (R), from February 1, 1865 (newly admitted state)
 * 3. James W. Nye (R), from February 1, 1865 (newly admitted state)

New Hampshire

 * 2. John P. Hale (R)
 * 3. Daniel Clark (R)

New Jersey

 * 1. William Wright (D)
 * 2. John C. Ten Eyck (R)

New York

 * 1. Edwin D. Morgan (R)
 * 3. Ira Harris (R)

North Carolina

 * 2. Vacant
 * 3. Vacant

Ohio

 * 1. Benjamin Wade (R)
 * 3. John Sherman (R)

Oregon

 * 2. Benjamin F. Harding (D)
 * 3. James W. Nesmith (D)

Pennsylvania

 * 1. Charles R. Buckalew (D)
 * 3. Edgar Cowan (R)

Rhode Island

 * 1. William Sprague IV (R)
 * 2. Henry B. Anthony (R)

South Carolina

 * 2. Vacant
 * 3. Vacant

Tennessee

 * 1. Vacant
 * 2. Vacant

Texas

 * 1. Vacant
 * 2. Vacant

Vermont

 * 1. Solomon Foot (R)
 * 3. Jacob Collamer (R)

Virginia

 * 1. Lemuel J. Bowden (U), died January 2, 1864, vacant thereafter
 * 2. John S. Carlile (U)

West Virginia

 * 1. Peter G. Van Winkle (UU), from August 4, 1863 (newly admitted state)
 * 2. Waitman T. Willey (UU), from August 4, 1863 (newly admitted state)

Wisconsin

 * 1. James R. Doolittle (R)
 * 3. Timothy O. Howe (R)



Alabama

 * Alabama's 1st congressional district. Vacant
 * Alabama's 2nd congressional district. Vacant
 * Alabama's 3rd congressional district. Vacant
 * Alabama's 4th congressional district. Vacant
 * Alabama's 5th congressional district. Vacant
 * Alabama's 6th congressional district. Vacant

Arkansas

 * Arkansas's 1st congressional district. Vacant
 * Arkansas's 2nd congressional district. Vacant
 * Arkansas's 3rd congressional district. Vacant

California
All representatives were elected statewide on a general ticket.
 * California's at-large congressional district. Cornelius Cole (R)
 * California's at-large congressional district. William Higby (R)
 * California's at-large congressional district. Thomas B. Shannon (R)

Connecticut

 * Connecticut's 1st congressional district. Henry C. Deming (R)
 * Connecticut's 2nd congressional district. James E. English (D)
 * Connecticut's 3rd congressional district. Augustus Brandegee (R)
 * Connecticut's 4th congressional district. John H. Hubbard (R)

Delaware

 * Delaware's at-large congressional district. William Temple (D), until May 28, 1863
 * Nathaniel B. Smithers (UU), from December 7, 1863

Florida

 * Florida's at-large congressional district. Vacant

Georgia

 * Georgia's 1st congressional district. Vacant
 * Georgia's 2nd congressional district. Vacant
 * Georgia's 3rd congressional district. Vacant
 * Georgia's 4th congressional district. Vacant
 * Georgia's 5th congressional district. Vacant
 * Georgia's 6th congressional district. Vacant
 * Georgia's 7th congressional district. Vacant

Illinois

 * Illinois's 1st congressional district. Isaac N. Arnold (R)
 * Illinois's 2nd congressional district. John F. Farnsworth (R)
 * Illinois's 3rd congressional district. Elihu B. Washburne (R)
 * Illinois's 4th congressional district. Charles M. Harris (D)
 * Illinois's 5th congressional district. Owen Lovejoy (R), until March 25, 1864
 * Ebon C. Ingersoll (R), from May 20, 1864
 * Illinois's 6th congressional district. Jesse O. Norton (R)
 * Illinois's 7th congressional district. John R. Eden (D)
 * Illinois's 8th congressional district. John T. Stuart (D)
 * Illinois's 9th congressional district. Lewis W. Ross (D)
 * Illinois's 10th congressional district. Anthony L. Knapp (D)
 * Illinois's 11th congressional district. James C. Robinson (D)
 * Illinois's 12th congressional district. William R. Morrison (D)
 * Illinois's 13th congressional district. William J. Allen (D)
 * Illinois's at-large congressional district. James C. Allen (D)

Indiana

 * Indiana's 1st congressional district. John Law (D)
 * Indiana's 2nd congressional district. James A. Cravens (D)
 * Indiana's 3rd congressional district. Henry W. Harrington (D)
 * Indiana's 4th congressional district. William S. Holman (D)
 * Indiana's 5th congressional district. George W. Julian (R)
 * Indiana's 6th congressional district. Ebenezer Dumont (R)
 * Indiana's 7th congressional district. Daniel W. Voorhees (D)
 * Indiana's 8th congressional district. Godlove S. Orth (R)
 * Indiana's 9th congressional district. Schuyler Colfax (R)
 * Indiana's 10th congressional district. Joseph K. Edgerton (D)
 * Indiana's 11th congressional district. James F. McDowell (D)

Iowa

 * Iowa's 1st congressional district. James F. Wilson (R)
 * Iowa's 2nd congressional district. Hiram Price (R)
 * Iowa's 3rd congressional district. William B. Allison (R)
 * Iowa's 4th congressional district. Josiah B. Grinnell (R)
 * Iowa's 5th congressional district. John A. Kasson (R)
 * Iowa's 6th congressional district. Asahel W. Hubbard (R)

Kansas

 * Kansas's at-large congressional district. A. Carter Wilder (R)

Kentucky

 * Kentucky's 1st congressional district. Lucien Anderson (UU)
 * Kentucky's 2nd congressional district. George H. Yeaman (U)
 * Kentucky's 3rd congressional district. Henry Grider (U)
 * Kentucky's 4th congressional district. Aaron Harding (U)
 * Kentucky's 5th congressional district. Robert Mallory (U)
 * Kentucky's 6th congressional district. Green C. Smith (UU)
 * Kentucky's 7th congressional district. Brutus J. Clay (U)
 * Kentucky's 8th congressional district. William H. Randall (UU)
 * Kentucky's 9th congressional district. William H. Wadsworth (U)

Louisiana

 * Louisiana's 1st congressional district. Vacant
 * Louisiana's 2nd congressional district. Vacant
 * Louisiana's 3rd congressional district. Vacant
 * Louisiana's 4th congressional district. Vacant
 * Louisiana's 5th congressional district. Vacant

Maine

 * Maine's 1st congressional district. Lorenzo D.M. Sweat (D)
 * Maine's 2nd congressional district. Sidney Perham (R)
 * Maine's 3rd congressional district. James G. Blaine (R)
 * Maine's 4th congressional district. John H. Rice (R)
 * Maine's 5th congressional district. Frederick A. Pike (R)

Maryland

 * Maryland's 1st congressional district. John A. J. Creswell (UU)
 * Maryland's 2nd congressional district. Edwin H. Webster (UU)
 * Maryland's 3rd congressional district. Henry Winter Davis (UU)
 * Maryland's 4th congressional district. Francis Thomas (UU)
 * Maryland's 5th congressional district. Benjamin G. Harris (D)

Massachusetts

 * Massachusetts's 1st congressional district. Thomas D. Eliot (R)
 * Massachusetts's 2nd congressional district. Oakes Ames (R)
 * Massachusetts's 3rd congressional district. Alexander H. Rice (R)
 * Massachusetts's 4th congressional district. Samuel Hooper (R)
 * Massachusetts's 5th congressional district. John B. Alley (R)
 * Massachusetts's 6th congressional district. Daniel W. Gooch (R)
 * Massachusetts's 7th congressional district. George S. Boutwell (R)
 * Massachusetts's 8th congressional district. John D. Baldwin (R)
 * Massachusetts's 9th congressional district. William B. Washburn (R)
 * Massachusetts's 10th congressional district. Henry L. Dawes (R)

Michigan

 * Michigan's 1st congressional district. Fernando C. Beaman (R)
 * Michigan's 2nd congressional district. Charles Upson (R)
 * Michigan's 3rd congressional district. John W. Longyear (R)
 * Michigan's 4th congressional district. Francis W. Kellogg (R)
 * Michigan's 5th congressional district. Augustus C. Baldwin (D)
 * Michigan's 6th congressional district. John F. Driggs (R)

Minnesota

 * Minnesota's 1st congressional district. William Windom (R)
 * Minnesota's 2nd congressional district. Ignatius L. Donnelly (R)

Mississippi

 * Mississippi's 1st congressional district. Vacant
 * Mississippi's 2nd congressional district. Vacant
 * Mississippi's 3rd congressional district. Vacant
 * Mississippi's 4th congressional district. Vacant
 * Mississippi's 5th congressional district. Vacant

Missouri

 * Missouri's 1st congressional district. Francis P. Blair Jr. (R), until June 10, 1864
 * Samuel Knox (UU), from June 10, 1864
 * Missouri's 2nd congressional district. Henry T. Blow (UU)
 * Missouri's 3rd congressional district. John W. Noell (UU), until March 14, 1863
 * John G. Scott (D), from December 7, 1863
 * Missouri's 4th congressional district. Sempronius H. Boyd (UU)
 * Missouri's 5th congressional district. Joseph W. McClurg (UU)
 * Missouri's 6th congressional district. Austin A. King (U)
 * Missouri's 7th congressional district. Benjamin F. Loan (UU)
 * Missouri's 8th congressional district. William A. Hall (U)
 * Missouri's 9th congressional district. James S. Rollins (U)

Nevada

 * Nevada's at-large congressional district. Henry G. Worthington (R), from October 31, 1864 (newly admitted state)

New Hampshire

 * New Hampshire's 1st congressional district. Daniel Marcy (D)
 * New Hampshire's 2nd congressional district. Edward H. Rollins (R)
 * New Hampshire's 3rd congressional district. James W. Patterson (R)

New Jersey

 * New Jersey's 1st congressional district. John F. Starr (R)
 * New Jersey's 2nd congressional district. George Middleton (D)
 * New Jersey's 3rd congressional district. William G. Steele (D)
 * New Jersey's 4th congressional district. Andrew J. Rogers (D)
 * New Jersey's 5th congressional district. Nehemiah Perry (D)

New York

 * New York's 1st congressional district. Henry G. Stebbins (D), until October 24, 1864
 * Dwight Townsend (D), from December 5, 1864
 * New York's 2nd congressional district. Martin Kalbfleisch (D)
 * New York's 3rd congressional district. Moses F. Odell (D)
 * New York's 4th congressional district. Benjamin Wood (D)
 * New York's 5th congressional district. Fernando Wood (D)
 * New York's 6th congressional district. Elijah Ward (D)
 * New York's 7th congressional district. John W. Chanler (D)
 * New York's 8th congressional district. James Brooks (D)
 * New York's 9th congressional district. Anson Herrick (D)
 * New York's 10th congressional district. William Radford (D)
 * New York's 11th congressional district. Charles H. Winfield (D)
 * New York's 12th congressional district. Homer A. Nelson (D)
 * New York's 13th congressional district. John B. Steele (D)
 * New York's 14th congressional district. Erastus Corning (D), until October 5, 1863
 * John V. L. Pruyn (D), from December 7, 1863
 * New York's 15th congressional district. John Augustus Griswold (D)
 * New York's 16th congressional district. Orlando Kellogg (R)
 * New York's 17th congressional district. Calvin T. Hulburd (R)
 * New York's 18th congressional district. James M. Marvin (R)
 * New York's 19th congressional district. Samuel F. Miller (R)
 * New York's 20th congressional district. Ambrose W. Clark (R)
 * New York's 21st congressional district. Francis Kernan (D)
 * New York's 22nd congressional district. DeWitt C. Littlejohn (R)
 * New York's 23rd congressional district. Thomas T. Davis (R)
 * New York's 24th congressional district. Theodore M. Pomeroy (R)
 * New York's 25th congressional district. Daniel Morris (R)
 * New York's 26th congressional district. Giles W. Hotchkiss (R)
 * New York's 27th congressional district. Robert B. Van Valkenburgh (R)
 * New York's 28th congressional district. Freeman Clarke (R)
 * New York's 29th congressional district. Augustus Frank (R)
 * New York's 30th congressional district. John Ganson (D)
 * New York's 31st congressional district. Reuben E. Fenton (R), until December 20, 1864

North Carolina

 * North Carolina's 1st congressional district. Vacant
 * North Carolina's 2nd congressional district. Vacant
 * North Carolina's 3rd congressional district. Vacant
 * North Carolina's 4th congressional district. Vacant
 * North Carolina's 5th congressional district. Vacant
 * North Carolina's 6th congressional district. Vacant
 * North Carolina's 7th congressional district. Vacant

Ohio

 * Ohio's 1st congressional district. George H. Pendleton (D)
 * Ohio's 2nd congressional district. Alexander Long (D)
 * Ohio's 3rd congressional district. Robert C. Schenck (R)
 * Ohio's 4th congressional district. John F. McKinney (D)
 * Ohio's 5th congressional district. Francis C. Le Blond (D)
 * Ohio's 6th congressional district. Chilton A. White (D)
 * Ohio's 7th congressional district. Samuel S. Cox (D)
 * Ohio's 8th congressional district. William Johnston (D)
 * Ohio's 9th congressional district. Warren P. Noble (D)
 * Ohio's 10th congressional district. James M. Ashley (R)
 * Ohio's 11th congressional district. Wells A. Hutchins (D)
 * Ohio's 12th congressional district. William E. Finck (D)
 * Ohio's 13th congressional district. John O'Neill (D)
 * Ohio's 14th congressional district. George Bliss (D)
 * Ohio's 15th congressional district. James R. Morris (D)
 * Ohio's 16th congressional district. Joseph W. White (D)
 * Ohio's 17th congressional district. Ephraim R. Eckley (R)
 * Ohio's 18th congressional district. Rufus P. Spalding (R)
 * Ohio's 19th congressional district. James A. Garfield (R)

Oregon

 * Oregon's at-large congressional district. John R. McBride (R)

Pennsylvania

 * Pennsylvania's 1st congressional district. Samuel J. Randall (D)
 * Pennsylvania's 2nd congressional district. Charles O'Neill (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 3rd congressional district. Leonard Myers (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 4th congressional district. William D. Kelley (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 5th congressional district. M. Russell Thayer (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 6th congressional district. John D. Stiles (D)
 * Pennsylvania's 7th congressional district. John M. Broomall (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 8th congressional district. Sydenham E. Ancona (D)
 * Pennsylvania's 9th congressional district. Thaddeus Stevens (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 10th congressional district. Myer Strouse (D)
 * Pennsylvania's 11th congressional district. Philip Johnson (D)
 * Pennsylvania's 12th congressional district. Charles Denison (D)
 * Pennsylvania's 13th congressional district. Henry W. Tracy (IR)
 * Pennsylvania's 14th congressional district. William H. Miller (D)
 * Pennsylvania's 15th congressional district. Joseph Bailey (D)
 * Pennsylvania's 16th congressional district. Alexander H. Coffroth (D)
 * Pennsylvania's 17th congressional district. Archibald McAllister (D)
 * Pennsylvania's 18th congressional district. James T. Hale (IR)
 * Pennsylvania's 19th congressional district. Glenni W. Scofield (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 20th congressional district. Amos Myers (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 21st congressional district. John L. Dawson (D)
 * Pennsylvania's 22nd congressional district. James K. Moorhead (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 23rd congressional district. Thomas Williams (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 24th congressional district. Jesse Lazear (D)

Rhode Island

 * Rhode Island's 1st congressional district. Thomas A. Jenckes (R)
 * Rhode Island's 2nd congressional district. Nathan F. Dixon Jr. (R)

South Carolina

 * South Carolina's 1st congressional district. Vacant
 * South Carolina's 2nd congressional district. Vacant
 * South Carolina's 3rd congressional district. Vacant
 * South Carolina's 4th congressional district. Vacant

Tennessee

 * Tennessee's 1st congressional district. Vacant
 * Tennessee's 2nd congressional district. Vacant
 * Tennessee's 3rd congressional district. Vacant
 * Tennessee's 4th congressional district. Vacant
 * Tennessee's 5th congressional district. Vacant
 * Tennessee's 6th congressional district. Vacant
 * Tennessee's 7th congressional district. Vacant
 * Tennessee's 8th congressional district. Vacant

Texas

 * Texas's 1st congressional district. Vacant
 * Texas's 2nd congressional district. Vacant
 * Texas's 3rd congressional district. Vacant
 * Texas's 4th congressional district. Vacant

Vermont

 * Vermont's 1st congressional district. Frederick E. Woodbridge (R)
 * Vermont's 2nd congressional district. Justin S. Morrill (R)
 * Vermont's 3rd congressional district. Portus Baxter (R)

Virginia

 * Virginia's 1st congressional district. Vacant
 * Virginia's 2nd congressional district. Vacant
 * Virginia's 3rd congressional district. Vacant
 * Virginia's 4th congressional district. Vacant
 * Virginia's 5th congressional district. Vacant
 * Virginia's 6th congressional district. Vacant
 * Virginia's 7th congressional district. Vacant
 * Virginia's 8th congressional district. Vacant
 * Virginia's 9th congressional district. Vacant, moved to West Virginia June 20, 1863
 * Virginia's 10th congressional district. Vacant, moved to West Virginia June 20, 1863
 * Virginia's 11th congressional district. Vacant, moved to West Virginia June 20, 1863

West Virginia

 * West Virginia's 1st congressional district. Jacob B. Blair (UU), from December 7, 1863 (newly admitted state)
 * West Virginia's 2nd congressional district. William G. Brown Sr. (UU), from December 7, 1863 (newly admitted state)
 * West Virginia's 3rd congressional district. Kellian Whaley (UU), from December 7, 1863 (newly admitted state)

Wisconsin

 * Wisconsin's 1st congressional district. James S. Brown (D)
 * Wisconsin's 2nd congressional district. Ithamar C. Sloan (R)
 * Wisconsin's 3rd congressional district. Amasa Cobb (R)
 * Wisconsin's 4th congressional district. Charles A. Eldredge (D)
 * Wisconsin's 5th congressional district. Ezra Wheeler (D)
 * Wisconsin's 6th congressional district. Walter D. McIndoe (R)

Non-voting members

 * Arizona Territory's at-large congressional district. Charles D. Poston (R), from December 5, 1864
 * Colorado Territory's at-large congressional district. Hiram P. Bennet (R)
 * Dakota Territory's at-large congressional district. William Jayne (R), until June 17, 1864
 * John B. S. Todd (D), from June 17, 1864
 * Idaho Territory's at-large congressional district. William H. Wallace (R), from February 1, 1864
 * Montana Territory's at-large congressional district. Samuel McLean (D), from January 6, 1865
 * Nebraska Territory's at-large congressional district. Samuel G. Daily (R)
 * Nevada Territory's at-large congressional district. Gordon N. Mott (R), until October 31, 1864
 * New Mexico Territory's at-large congressional district. Francisco Perea (R)
 * Utah Territory's at-large congressional district. John F. Kinney (D)
 * Washington Territory's at-large congressional district. George E. Cole (D)



Changes in membership
The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.

Senate

 * Replacements: 2
 * Democratic: no net change
 * Republican: no net change
 * Unionist: no net change
 * Unconditional Union: no net change
 * Deaths: 1
 * Resignations: 2
 * Interim appointments: 1
 * Seats of newly admitted states: 4
 * Total seats with changes: 4


 * West Virginia (1)
 * New seat
 * West Virginia admitted to the Union June 19, 1863. Its first Senators were elected August 4, 1863.
 * nowrap | Peter G. Van Winkle (UU)
 * August 4, 1863
 * August 4, 1863


 * West Virginia (2)
 * New seat
 * West Virginia admitted to the Union June 19, 1863. Its first Senators were elected August 4, 1863.
 * nowrap | Waitman T. Willey (UU)
 * August 4, 1863
 * August 4, 1863


 * Missouri (3)
 * nowrap | Robert Wilson (UU)
 * Successor elected for Sen. Waldo P. Johnson November 13, 1863.
 * nowrap | B. Gratz Brown (UU)
 * November 13, 1863
 * November 13, 1863


 * Virginia (1)
 * nowrap | Lemuel J. Bowden (U)
 * Died January 2, 1864.
 * Vacant
 * Not filled this Congress
 * Not filled this Congress


 * Delaware (1)
 * nowrap | James A. Bayard Jr. (D)
 * Resigned January 29, 1864, for unknown reasons. Successor elected January 29, 1864.
 * nowrap | George R. Riddle (D)
 * February 2, 1864
 * February 2, 1864


 * Maine (2)
 * nowrap | William P. Fessenden (R)
 * Resigned July 1, 1864, to become U.S. Secretary of the Treasury. Successor appointed October 27, 1864, to finish the term.
 * nowrap | Nathan A. Farwell (R)
 * October 27, 1864
 * October 27, 1864


 * Nevada (1)
 * New seat
 * Nevada admitted to the Union October 31, 1864. Its first Senators were elected February 1, 1865.
 * nowrap | William M. Stewart (R)
 * February 1, 1865
 * February 1, 1865


 * Nevada (3)
 * New seat
 * Nevada admitted to the Union October 31, 1864. Its first Senators were elected February 1, 1865.
 * nowrap | James W. Nye (R)
 * February 1, 1865
 * February 1, 1865


 * Maryland (3)
 * nowrap | Thomas H. Hicks (UU)
 * Died February 14, 1865.
 * Vacant
 * Not filled this Congress.
 * Not filled this Congress.


 * }

House of Representatives

 * Replacements: 6
 * Democratic: no net change
 * Republican: no net change
 * Unionist: no net change
 * Unconditional Union: no net change
 * Deaths: 3
 * Resignations: 3
 * Contested election: 1
 * Seats of newly admitted seats: 4
 * Total seats with changes: 7


 * Arizona Territory's at-large congressional district
 * Vacant
 * Territory organized in previous congress. Seat remained vacant until December 5, 1864.
 * nowrap | Charles D. Poston (R)
 * December 5, 1864
 * December 5, 1864


 * Missouri's 3rd congressional district
 * nowrap | John W. Noell (UU)
 * Died March 14, 1863.
 * nowrap | John G. Scott (D)
 * December 7, 1863
 * December 7, 1863


 * Delaware's at-large congressional district
 * nowrap | William Temple (D)
 * Died May 28, 1863.
 * nowrap | Nathaniel B. Smithers (UU)
 * December 7, 1863
 * December 7, 1863


 * New York's 14th congressional district
 * nowrap | Erastus Corning (D)
 * Resigned October 5, 1863.
 * nowrap | John V. L. Pruyn (D)
 * December 7, 1863
 * December 7, 1863


 * West Virginia's 1st congressional district
 * New state
 * West Virginia admitted to the Union June 19, 1863. Seat remained vacant until December 7, 1863.
 * nowrap | Jacob B. Blair (UU)
 * December 7, 1863
 * December 7, 1863


 * West Virginia's 2nd congressional district
 * New state
 * West Virginia admitted to the Union June 19, 1863. Seat remained vacant until December 7, 1863.
 * nowrap | William G. Brown Sr. (UU)
 * December 7, 1863
 * December 7, 1863


 * West Virginia's 3rd congressional district
 * New state
 * West Virginia admitted to the Union June 19, 1863. Seat remained vacant until December 7, 1863.
 * nowrap | Kellian Whaley (UU)
 * December 7, 1863
 * December 7, 1863


 * Idaho Territory's at-large congressional district
 * New territory
 * Territory organized February 1, 1864.
 * nowrap | William H. Wallace (R)
 * February 1, 1864
 * February 1, 1864


 * Illinois's 5th congressional district
 * nowrap | Owen Lovejoy (R)
 * Died March 25, 1864.
 * nowrap | Ebon C. Ingersoll (R)
 * May 20, 1864
 * May 20, 1864


 * Montana Territory's at-large congressional district
 * New territory
 * Territory organized May 26, 1864. Seat remained vacant until January 6, 1865.
 * nowrap | Samuel McLean (D)
 * January 6, 1865
 * January 6, 1865


 * Missouri's 1st congressional district
 * nowrap | Francis P. Blair Jr. (R)
 * Lost contested election June 10, 1864
 * nowrap | Samuel Knox (UU)
 * June 10, 1864
 * June 10, 1864


 * Dakota Territory's at-large congressional district
 * nowrap | William Jayne
 * Lost contested election June 17, 1864
 * nowrap | John B. S. Todd (D)
 * June 17, 1864
 * June 17, 1864


 * New York's 1st congressional district
 * nowrap | Henry G. Stebbins (D)
 * Resigned October 24, 1864.
 * nowrap | Dwight Townsend (D)
 * December 5, 1864
 * December 5, 1864


 * Nevada Territory's at-large congressional district
 * nowrap | Gordon N. Mott (R)
 * Nevada achieved statehood October 31, 1864
 * colspan=2 | District eliminated
 * colspan=2 | District eliminated


 * Nevada's at-large congressional district
 * New state
 * Nevada admitted to the Union October 31, 1864.
 * nowrap | Henry G. Worthington (R)
 * October 31, 1864
 * October 31, 1864


 * New York's 31st congressional district
 * nowrap | Reuben Fenton (R)
 * Resigned December 20, 1864, after being elected Governor of New York.
 * Vacant
 * Not filled this Congress
 * Not filled this Congress


 * }

Senate

 * Agriculture (John Sherman, Chair)
 * Audit and Control the Contingent Expenses of the Senate (James Dixon, Chair)
 * Claims (Daniel Clark, Chair)
 * Commerce (Zachariah Chandler, Chair)
 * Distributing Public Revenue Among the States (Select)
 * District of Columbia (James W. Grimes, Chair)
 * Engrossed Bills (Henry S. Lane, Chair)
 * Finance (William P. Fessenden, Chair)
 * Foreign Relations (Charles Sumner, Chair)
 * Indian Affairs (James Rood Doolittle, Chair)
 * Judiciary (Lyman Trumbull, Chair)
 * Manufactures (Zachariah Chandler, Chair)
 * Military Affairs (Henry Wilson, Chair)
 * Naval Affairs (John P. Hale, Chair)
 * Naval Supplies (Select)
 * Ordnance and War Ships (Select)
 * Overland Mail Service (Select)
 * Pacific Railroad (Select) (Jacob M. Howard, Chair)
 * Patents and the Patent Office (Edgar Cowan, Chair)
 * Pensions (La Fayette S. Foster, Chair)
 * Post Office and Post Roads (Jacob Collamer, Chair)
 * Private Land Claims (Ira Harris, Chair)
 * Public Buildings and Grounds (Solomon Foot, Chair)
 * Public Lands (James Harlan, Chair)
 * Retrenchment (N/A, Chair)
 * Revolutionary Claims (Morton S. Wilkinson, Chair)
 * Slavery and the Treatment of Freedmen (Select)
 * Tariff Regulation (Select)
 * Territories (Benjamin F. Wade, Chair)
 * Whole

House of Representatives

 * Accounts (Edward H. Rollins, Chair)
 * Agriculture (Brutus J. Clay, Chair)
 * Banking and Currency (N/A, Chair)
 * Bankrupt Law (Select)
 * Claims (James T. Hale, Chair)
 * Commerce (Elihu B. Washburne, Chair)
 * District of Columbia (Owen Lovejoy, Chair)
 * Elections (Henry L. Dawes, Chair)
 * Expenditures in the Interior Department (Thomas B. Shannon, Chair)
 * Expenditures in the Navy Department (Portus Baxter, Chair)
 * Expenditures in the Post Office Department (Theodore M. Pomeroy, Chair)
 * Expenditures in the State Department (Frederick A. Pike, Chair)
 * Expenditures in the Treasury Department (Amos Myers, Chair)
 * Expenditures in the War Department (Henry C. Deming, Chair)
 * Expenditures on Public Buildings (John W. Longyear, Chair)
 * Foreign Affairs (Henry Winter Davis, Chair)
 * Indian Affairs (William Windom, Chair)
 * Invalid Pensions (Kellian V. Whaley, Chair)
 * Judiciary (James F. Wilson, Chair)
 * Manufactures (James K. Moorhead, Chair)
 * Mileage (James C. Robinson, Chair)
 * Military Affairs (Robert C. Schenck, Chair)
 * Militia (Robert B. Van Valkenburgh, Chair)
 * Naval Affairs (Alexander H. Rice, Chair)
 * Patents (Thomas A. Jenckes, Chair)
 * Post Office and Post Roads (John B. Alley, Chair)
 * Private Land Claims (M. Russell Thayer, Chair)
 * Public Buildings and Grounds (John H. Rice, Chair)
 * Public Expenditures (Calvin T. Hulburd, Chair)
 * Public Lands (George W. Julian, Chair)
 * Revisal and Unfinished Business (Sempronius H. Boyd, Chair)
 * Revolutionary Claims (Hiram Price, Chair)
 * Revolutionary Pensions (Dewitt C. Littlejohn, Chair)
 * Roads and Canals (Isaac N. Arnold, Chair)
 * Rules (Select)
 * Standards of Official Conduct
 * Territories (James M. Ashley, Chair)
 * Ways and Means (Thaddeus Stevens, Chair)
 * Whole

Joint appointments

 * Conditions of Indian Tribes (Special)
 * Conduct of the War
 * Enrolled Bills (Sen. Timothy Howe, Chair)
 * The Library (Sen. Jacob Collamer, Chair)
 * Printing (Sen. Henry B. Anthony, Chair)
 * Senate Chamber and the Hall of the House of the Representatives

Caucuses

 * Democratic (House)
 * Democratic (Senate)

Legislative branch agency directors

 * Architect of the Capitol: Thomas U. Walter
 * Librarian of Congress: John Gould Stephenson, until 1864
 * Ainsworth Rand Spofford, from 1864

Senate

 * Chaplain: Byron Sunderland (Presbyterian), until May 11, 1864
 * Thomas Bowman (Methodist), elected May 11, 1864
 * Secretary: John W. Forney
 * Sergeant at Arms: George T. Brown

House of Representatives

 * Chaplain: William H. Channing (Unitarian)
 * Clerk: Emerson Etheridge, until December 7, 1863
 * Edward McPherson, from December 7, 1863
 * Doorkeeper: Ira Goodnow
 * Messenger: Thaddeus Morrice
 * William D. Todd
 * Postmaster: William S. King
 * Reading Clerks:
 * Sergeant at Arms: Edward Ball, until December 7, 1863
 * Nehemiah G. Ordway, from December 7, 1863