4th European Political Community Summit

The Fourth European Political Community Summit was a meeting of the European Political Community held on 18 July 2024 at Blenheim Palace in Woodstock, United Kingdom.

Aims
Following a bilateral summit meeting between the leaders of the United Kingdom and France on 10 March 2023, it was stated in the joint declaration that the EPC should focus on energy, infrastructures, connectivity, cybersecurity, countering disinformation and migration.

On the eve of the second EPC summit which was held on 1 June 2023, British prime minister Rishi Sunak issued a statement saying "Stopping migration and securing our borders should be at the top of the agenda for European leaders". Sunak had also caused controversy at the previous summit in Granada by demanding that the pre-arranged agenda be scrapped with the sole focus of the summit shifting to immigration. When announcing the date of the summit, Sunak added that it would focus on supporting Ukraine during the ongoing Russian invasion, tackling people smuggling and reducing immigration. In a Politico article, John Kampfner reported that Keir Starmer would maintain Sunak's agenda, including the topic of migration.

Sunak unexpectedly announced on 22 May 2024, that a snap general election would be held on 4 July 2024, just two weeks before the summit is due to take place. The Labour Party won that election and Starmer subsequently became prime minister. Whilst in opposition, Keir Starmer had indicated that he would use the summit to begin establishing a “new geopolitical partnership”; Starmer's European aims include: improving the Trade and Cooperation Agreement (TCA) by renegotiating its free trade agreement terms, and rejoining the Erasmus student exchange program. Starmer has previously ruled out rejoining the European Union, the single market, or entering a customs union. Shadow Foreign Secretary David Lammy has stated he wants the UK and the EU to create a security pact, and for the UK to attend meetings of the EU’s Foreign Affairs Council. Starmer aims to use the summit to reset relations with the EU, share ideas for a new Border Command to tackle migration and to sign a defence co-operation deal with Germany, based on the Lancaster House Treaties. Starmer's aides have downplayed the chances on using the summit to renegotiate the TCA, including veterinary agreements and mobility deals.

Preparation
The United Kingdom was announced as the host of the fourth EPC summit in October 2022. King Charles III mentioned the UK's hosting the EPC summit as part of his speech during the 2023 State Opening of Parliament.

Preparations for the summit were discussed by the upper house of the UK Parliament on 12 December 2023. Tariq Ahmed, a minister in the UK foreign office stated that the UK views the EPC as an "important platform for co-ordination on European issues" adding that energy security, immigration and the Russian invasion of Ukraine would feature on the agenda.

The summit was initially expected to take place in March or April, however by January 2024, several European diplomats believe the UK government's refusal to rule out a snap general election this spring lies behind "delays" to an upcoming meeting. The UK government has stated that it will announce a date "in due course". On 14 March 2024, UK media reported that the summit is now planned to take place in July. This caused frustration among some of the Nordic countries who would already be on their summer holidays. Sunak aimed for the summit to focus on immigration. On 19 March 2024, the UK Government finally announced that the summit would take place on 18 July, and will be held at Blenheim Palace.

In a letter from then British foreign minister David Cameron, the UK government pledged to work with European partners to promote coherence across this and future EPC summits. On 25 March 2024, British ambassador to Hungary, Paul Fox, met with Hungarian Europe minister, Bóka János, promising to promote coherence across EPC summits; Hungary is scheduled to host the following summit in November 2024. UK prime minister Rishi Sunak discussed plans and preparations for the summit with French president Emmanuel Macron in a phone call on 8 April 2024, where he stated that defending Ukraine, progressing cooperation on artificial intelligence and joint efforts to tackle illegal immigration and organized crime would be part of its agenda.

On 22 May 2024, Sunak unexpectedly announced a general election for 4 July. The Labour Party won that election, with Sunak being replaced by Keir Starmer as prime minister and David Lammy being appointed as the new foreign secretary.

Starmer hosted Irish Taoiseach Simon Harris at Chequers on the eve of the summit.

Schedule and agenda
The summit took place on 18 July 2024 at Blenheim Palace in Woodstock. The agenda included an opening plenary, followed by three roundtables on migration, energy and connectivity, and defending and securing democracy, before ending with a closing plenary. Swiss president Viola Amherd presented feedback from the June 2024 Ukraine peace summit that took place in Bürgenstock, Switzerland.

The schedule and agenda is as follows:
 * 8.00: Arrivals and doorsteps
 * 10.00: Opening session chaired by Keir Starmer with contributions by Volodymyr Zelensky, Viola Amherd and Mette Frederiksen
 * 11.30: Family photo
 * 12.00: Thematic roundtables on migration, energy and connectivity, and defending and securing democracy
 * 13:00: Opportunity for bilateral/multilateral meetings and lunch
 * 14.45: Closing plenary
 * 15:45: Reception with King Charles III
 * 16:45: Bilateral/multilateral meetings, press remarks by Keir Starmer and Emmanuel Macron

Participating states and organizations
The summit was attended by heads of state or government of the states participating in the European Political Community, alongside the President of the European Council and High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy. The British government stated that "around 50" leaders would attend the UK EPC event. Rishi Sunak invited NATO Secretary General Jens Stoltenberg to the UK's EPC summit during a meeting in Warsaw, on 23 April 2024. On 14 July 2024, Keir Starmer announced that representatives of the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe and the Council of Europe would be attending the summit.

Turkish president Recep Tayyip Erdoğan was unable to attend the summit due to a packed travel schedule.

Future EPC summits
During the closing press conference, Keir Starmer confirmed that the next summit will take place in Hungary followed by two summits in Albania and Denmark in 2025.

Armenia–Azerbaijan relations
Prior to the summit, the host government attempted to arrange a bilateral meeting between the Armenian Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan and the Azerbaijani President Ilham Aliyev on the sidelines of the summit. Despite the efforts of the UK, the anticipated meeting between Pashinyan and Aliyev did not take place. A senior British government official stated that "the UK is not attempting to mediate the ongoing dispute between Armenia and Azerbaijan." The Armenian Foreign Ministry confirmed that they were open to meeting with the Azerbaijani side and stated that "the Armenian side also reiterates its proposal to intensify the negotiations on the highest levels and to reach the signing of the peace treaty within one month."

French President Emmanuel Macron met with Pashinyan on the sidelines of the summit and also defended French arms sales to Armenia during a press conference. Macron stated, "It is normal to respond to the request of a sovereign country which wants to equip itself [militarily] and which thinks that it could be attacked by another. If we look at the last decade, it seems that Azerbaijan has become much more equipped than Armenia. And if I have a good memory -- but correct me if I'm wrong -- Azerbaijan launched a war, and a terrible war, in 2020."

Belarusian opposition
For the second time, Belarusian opposition leader Sviatlana Tsikhanouskaya was invited to attend the summit by the host government.

Human trafficking and irregular migration
During the closing press conference, Keir Starner stated that the UK's new Border Security Command would work with Europol and the European Migrant Smuggling Centre to counter people smuggling and illegal migration. The UK committed £84 million over three years for development projects in Africa and the Middle East to reduce economic migration and signed agreements with Slovakia and Slovenia to tackle organised crime gangs.

Support for Moldova
Moldovan President Maia Sandu met with Charles Michel, Keir Starmer, Emmanuel Macron, Olaf Scholz, Klaus Iohannis and Tusk to discuss Moldova's resilience and gain support towards a secure and prosperous future.

Support for Ukraine
Upon arrival at the summit, NATO secretary general Jens Stoltenberg announced plans for a new 700 personnel NATO command centre based in Wiesbaden, Germany to coordinate support for Ukraine during its ongoing invasion by Russia.

During the opening plenary session, Swiss president Viola Amherd announced that 87 countries had signed the global peace summit communique.

Ukraine signed agreements with Slovenia and the Czech Republic to allow those countries to provide long term military and humanitarian assistance. The Czech Republic agreed to boost cooperation in the military tech sphere, including the production of ammunition, small arms, drones, electronic warfare, and heavy equipment. Slovenia will allocate an additional 5 million euros for humanitarian aid, economic recovery, and the Grain from Ukraine program and will support with training within the framework of the European Union Military Assistance Mission in support of Ukraine.

Prior to the summit, Bloomberg reported that British prime minister Keir Starmer will use the summit to launch a plan to tackle the shadow fleet of oil tankers Russia is using to avoid international sanctions. Starmer confirmed these plans during his closing press conference.