5th Assault Corps (Syria)

The 5th Assault Corps (فيلق الهجوم الخامس), also called the Fifth Legion, is an all-volunteer corps, formation of the Syrian Army involved in the Syrian Civil War fighting against the Syrian opposition, Al-Qaeda in Syria, and ISIS. It was first formed in 2016. Unlike other corps in the Syrian Army, the 5th Corps is not divided into divisions, but commands eleven brigades, as well as the actual number of serving soldiers is lower (about a third of the manpower in other corps).

Command structure

 * 5th Assault Corps (2021)
 * 1st Assault Brigade
 * 13th Infantry Battalion
 * 1579th Infantry Battalion
 * 2nd Assault Brigade
 * 3rd Assault Brigade
 * 103rd Battalion
 * 4th Assault Brigade
 * Ba'ath Battalion
 * 5th Assault Brigade
 * 1st Infantry Regiment
 * 2nd Infantry Regiment
 * 6th Assault Brigade
 * 79th Infantry Battalion
 * 86th Infantry Battalion
 * 7th Assault Brigade
 * 3rd Infantry Battalion
 * 8th Assault Brigade
 * Emblem of Liwa Al-Quds.svg al-Quds Brigade
 * Lions of al-Quds Battalion
 * Defenders of Aleppo Battalion
 * Deterrence Battalion
 * Lions of al-Shahba Battalion
 * 103rd Artillery Brigade
 * 148th Artillery Brigade

Combat history
The formation of the 5th Corps in 2016 was preceded by the creation of the 4th Volunteer Assault Corps, which did not live up to expectations, whose sphere remained the local defense of Latakia. The Fifth Corps of volunteers recruits men from over age 18 from across the country "not already eligible for military service or deserters". The Russians took an active part in preparing and equipping the corps.

The 5th Volunteer Assault Corps was formed entirely from contract soldiers from scratch. Russian officers participate in the command of the formation, ranging from company to the corps commander. Russian signal officers provide communications between units and corps headquarters. The corps is commanded by a Syrian, his Russian deputy usually remains in the shadows. 5th Corps soldiers are trained, equipped and advised by Russian military personnel since their intervention in 2015. Most main battle tanks of the 5th Assault Corps are modernized Soviet tanks, including the T-62M and T-72B3.

According to Abdullah Soleiman Ali in al-Safir paper, formation of 'Fifth Attack Troop Corps' is the apex point of cooperation among members of Russia–Syria–Iran–Iraq coalition. The corps was commanded until his death in Deir ez-Zor on September 23, 2017, by Lieutenant General Valery Asapov.

The 5th Corps unit, The Ba'ath Legion, was formed from Ba'ath Brigades volunteers. It was later transformed into the 4th Brigade. According to the Russian International Affairs Council, the Qalamoun Shield Forces also joined the Fifth Corps, though no other sources confirmed this. In February 2018, 20 members of the ISIS Hunters (a 5th Corps subunit) died in a US airstrike.

After the rebels surrendered in July 2018 in Daraa, they were integrated into the 5th Corps from October 2018 as the 8th Brigade with a permanent location in Bosra, its commander was the former rebel Ahmad Oda, who previously commanded the Youth Sunni Forces (QSS) group. Although the majority of the rebels (the total number of forces of the Southern Front FSA was 30,000 people) chose to evacuate to the province of Idlib (about 5,000 people) or return to peaceful life. By April 2019, former rebels made up more than 75% of the brigade's fighters. As of April 2019, the strength of the 8th Brigade was 1,585 military personnel.

The 8th Brigade is unique in that it consists entirely of natives of the province Daraa. The brigade's personnel are made up of three categories: ordinary civilians (300 people), mainly engaged in maintenance; civil servants who had previously participated in the rebellion against the government and joined the brigade in order to avoid criminal prosecution, since they had previously worked for the rebels; the rebels themselves are from the QSS group (about 860 fighters). The 8th Brigade participated in operations against IS in the desert Suwayda, Latakia and Deir ez-Zor. The brigade consists of 4 infantry battalions, a reconnaissance company, a fire support company, a logistics company support and headquarters.

In March 2021, the 5th Corps unit supported by the Russians managed to control Tuenan gas plant and Al-Thawrah oilfield in Raqqa Governorate, previously held by Liwa Fatemiyoun. That month, its commander since January 2018, Major General Zaid Salah (formerly commander the Republican Guard’s 30th Division) was sanctioned by the United Kingdom, who named him as "Responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population by troops under his command, particularly during the increased violence of the Idlib/Hama offensive which began in April 2019." In July 2020, Maj. Gen. Milad Jadid replaced Maj. Gen. Zaid Salah as commander of the 5th Corps. In August 2022, Maj. Gen. Munzar Ibrahim was appointed as commander of the 5th Corps. On 30 December 2023, Maj. Gen. Muhammad al-Daher was named as a commander of the 5th Assault Corps. On 3 April 2024, Maj. Gen. Omran Mahmoud Omran was appointed as a commander of the 5th Assault Corps.