822 Lalage

822 Lalage (prov. designation: or ) is a background asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt. It was discovered on 31 March 1916, by astronomer Max Wolf at the Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory in southwest Germany. The likely highly elongated asteroid with an unclear spectral type has a short rotation period of 3.3 hours and measures approximately 9 km in diameter. Any reference to the origin of the asteroid's name is unknown.

Orbit and classification
Lalage is a non-family asteroid of the main belt's background population when applying the hierarchical clustering method to its proper orbital elements. It orbits the Sun in the inner main-belt at a distance of 1.9–2.6 AU once every 3 years and 5 months (1,237 days; semi-major axis of 2.26 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.16 and an inclination of 1° with respect to the ecliptic. The body's observation arc begins at the Bergedorf Observatory on 6 April 1916, one week after its official discovery observation at Heidelberg.

Naming
Any reference of this minor planet name to a person or occurrence is unknown.

Unknown meaning
Among the many thousands of named minor planets, Lalage is one of 120 asteroids for which has been published. All of these asteroids have low numbers, the first one being. The last asteroid with a name of unknown meaning is. They were discovered between 1876 and the 1930s, predominantly by astronomers Auguste Charlois, Johann Palisa, Max Wolf and Karl Reinmuth.

Physical characteristics
In the Tholen classification, Lalage has an unusual spectrum, that is closest to a dark D-type, somewhat similar to an X-type, and, to a lesser extent, a carbonaceous C-type asteroid. Conversely, the Small Solar System Objects Spectroscopic Survey (S3OS2), classifies the body an uncommon A-type in the survey's Tholen-like taxonomic variant, and as an Sl-subtype – which transitions from the stony S-type to the uncommon L-type asteroid – in its SMASS-like variant.

Rotation period
In September 1992, a rotational lightcurve of Lalage was obtained from photometric observations by Polish astronomer Wiesław Wiśniewski. Lightcurve analysis gave a short rotation period of $8.243 km$ hours with a high brightness variation of $11.34 km$ magnitude, indicative of a non-spherical, elongated shape (U=3). Since then, additional period determinations gave $3.345 h$ hours with an amplitude of $0.187$ magnitude (U=3) by David Higgins in October 2009, $0.349$ hours with an amplitude of $0.766$ magnitude (U=3) by Robert Stephens in January 2014, and $3.345$ hours with an amplitude of $0.47$ magnitude (U=3−) by Daniel A. Klinglesmith in February 2014. A modeled lightcurves using photometric data from the BlueEye600 robotic telescope at Ondřejov Observatory gave a sidereal period of $3.347$. The modelling also gave two poles at (343.0°, −74.0°) and (133.0°, −75.0°) in ecliptic coordinates (λ,&thinsp;β).

Diameter and albedo
According to the survey carried out by the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer and the Japanese Akari satellite, Lalage measures ($0.58$) and ($3.346$) kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo of ($0.67$) and ($3.346$), respectively. The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes an albedo of 0.20 and a diameter of 10.16 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 12.33. The WISE team also published an alternative mean-diameter of ($0.53$) with an albedo of ($3.347$).