854



Year 854 (DCCCLIV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

Europe

 * Emperor Lothair I meets his (half) brothers (Louis the German and Charles the Bald) in Attigny, Ardennes for the third time, to continue the system of "con-fraternal government".
 * Viking chieftains Rorik and Godfrid Haraldsson return to Denmark, to gain power after the death of King Horik I. During a civil war, they are forced to go back to Friesland.
 * The German city of Ulm is first mentioned, in a document by Louis the German.
 * Croatian–Bulgarian battle: Bulgarian Khan (later Knyaz) Boris I, attacks the Duchy of Littoral Croatia, ruled by Duke Trpimir I during the First Croatian-Bulgarian War. It is fought on the Croatian territory in the vicinity of the Croatian–Bulgarian border in present-day northeastern Bosnia and Herzegovina. None of the warring sides emerges victorious, Bulgarian forces retreat and finally both parties subsequently conclude a peace treaty.

Britain

 * King Æthelwulf of Wessex sends his two youngest sons, Alfred and Æthelred, on a pilgrimage to Rome.
 * King Æthelweard of East Anglia dies, and is succeeded by his 14-year-old son Edmund ("the Martyr").
 * King Cyngen of Powys makes the first pilgrimage to Rome of a Welsh ruler.
 * Viking chieftain Ubba winters in Milford Haven (Wales) with 23 ships.

Religion

 * Eardulf becomes bishop of Lindisfarne, after the death of Eanbert.

Births

 * Al-Mu'tadid, Muslim caliph (or 861)
 * Cadell ap Rhodri, king of Seisyllwg (d. 909)
 * Cui Yin, chancellor of the Tang Dynasty (d. 904)
 * Theobald the Elder, Frankish nobleman (d. 942)

Deaths

 * Abu Thawr, Muslim scholar (b. 764)
 * Æthelweard, king of East Anglia
 * Eanbert, bishop of Lindisfarne
 * Horik I, Viking king of Denmark
 * Liudger, bishop of Utrecht (approximate date)
 * Osburh, queen of Wessex (approximate date)
 * Sahnun ibn Sa'id, Muslim jurist (or 855)
 * Túathal mac Máele-Brigte, king of Leinster
 * Wang Yuankui, Chinese general (b. 812)
 * Wigmund, archbishop of York