Abdolsamad Kambakhsh

Abdolsamad Kambakhsh (, birth name Abdolsamad Adle Qajar; 1902 or 1903 – 1971) son of Prince Kamran Mirza Adle Qajar, also known by his aliases as Abdolsamad Qanbari or the Red Prince, was an Iranian communist political activist. In early 1925, he married feminist activist Dr. Akhtar Kianouri. Noureddin Kianouri, the younger brother of Dr. Akhtar Kianouri, grew up in their house.

Early years
He grew up in his birthplace, and went to study in Soviet Union in 1915. There he got inspired by the Russian Revolution. When he returned to Iran, he joined the Socialist and Communist parties. He then resided in Tehran and became a factory manager. Despite his political leanings, the Persian government granted him a scholarship in 1927 and he was sent to Russia for university. At Moscow University, he studied aeronautics between 1928 and 1932.

He was the first and only Iranian member of Communist International (Comintern). He represented Tudeh in the 22nd Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. According to the CIA, Abdossamad Kambakhsh was the founder of Tudeh Party and Azerbaijan Movement. For Russia, he was the Iranian represent in Communist International (Comintern) and therefore an ally. That made him the "Voice of Russia" for Iranians.

Political life
Kambakhshwas an influential member of the Tudeh Party of Iran and belonged to the party's hardline faction. He was also one of the few “group of fifty-three” with experience in the youth section of the Communist party, where he helped organizing the local educational society. At the time of his arrest in 1937, Kabakhsh was an instructor in engineering at the military academy and the manager of the army mechanics school outside Tehran. The contacts he made in these years, proved highly useful later when the Tudeh decided to form cells within the military.

In the introduction of Kambakhsh's book the Workers’ and Communist Movement in Iran, Ehsan Tabari named him the only Iranian who was trusted by Joseph Stalin and the Soviets. Kambakhsh was known for his close connections to the Soviet intelligence agencies, including the OGPU, the NKVD and the KGB.

Scholar Maziar Behrooz argues that "Kambakhsh was not a theorist but a party functionary with strong personal connections to the Soviets".

According to written statements of Khosro Rouzbeh in military court, Kambakhsh initiated the activities of Tudeh Military Network in early 1944.

In the first congress of Tudeh held in August 1944, Kambakhsh was elected to the central committee.

After the 1946 Azerbaijan revolt, he was prosecuted with a warrant and as a result he fled the country. The military tribunal sentenced him to death in absentia, forcing him into exile until his death.