Abdul Rahman Muazzam Shah of Johor

Paduka Sri Sultan Abdul Rahman I Muazzam Shah ibni al-Marhum Sultan Mahmud Syah Alam (ڤدوک سري سلطان عبدالرحمن اول معظم شاه ابن المرحوم سلطان محمود شاه عالم, born Tengku Jumaat Abdul Rahman (تڠکو جمعة عبدالرحمن) was the 18th Sultan and Yang di-Pertuan Besar of Johor and Pahang and their dependencies ((r. 1811 – 1819)) and the first Sultan of Riau-Lingga and their dependencies ((r. 1818 – 1832)).

Early life
Born in Hulu Riau (present-day Tanjungpinang) in 1780, Abdul Rahman Muazzam Shah was the son of the 15th Sultan of Johor, Mahmud Shah III with his third wife, Encik Mariam binti Dato' Hassan (died in Lingga, 1831), the daughter of a Bugis nobleman of Sindereng, South Sulawesi.

Sultan of Johor
The seizure of power in the Sultanate of Johor-Riau-Lingga had taken place when Abdul Rahman Muazzam Shah was inaugurated as the Sultan of Johor preceding his older brother of another mother, Hussein Shah (the eldest son of Mahmud Shah III). The inauguration of Abdul Rahman Muazzam Shah was strongly supported by the Dutch.

Sultan of Lingga
In 1818, with strong support from Yang di-Pertuan Muda of Johor-Riau, Raja Jaafar, Abdul Rahman Muazzam Shah was inaugurated as Sultan and Yang di-Pertuan Besar of Linga with the title of Sultan Abdul Rahman I Muazzam Shah ibni al-marhum Sultan Mahmud III Alam Shah. During his time in government, Riau-Lingga became the centre of developments and the broadcasting of Islam. In 1823, Sultan Abdul Rahman established the Great Mosque in Penyengat Island in Riau Archipelago that is still there today.