Amarna letter EA 223



Amarna letter EA 223, titled: "Compliance With Orders", is a very short clay tablet letter from Endaruta of city-state Akšapa (Achshaph). It is the only letter authored by Endaruta. One of the ten Pharaoh letters written to persons/ or states in the Amarna letters corpus, is Amarna letter EA 367 (titled: From the Pharaoh to a Vassal).

The Amarna letters, about 300, numbered up to EA 382, are a mid 14th century BC, about 1350 BC and 20–25 years later, correspondence. The initial corpus of letters were found at Akhenaten's city Akhetaten, in the floor of the Bureau of Correspondence of Pharaoh; others were later found, adding to the body of letters.

Letter EA 223 is numbered VAT 1870, from the Vorderasiatisches Museum Berlin.

EA 223: "Compliance With Orders"
EA 223, letter number one of one, from Endaruta of city-state Akšapa. (Not a linear, line-by-line translation.)

Obverse See here ; line drawing,


 * (Lines 1-)–Say to the k[in]g, my lord, the Sun fr[om] the s[k]y: Message of En[d]a[r]u[t]a,1 your servant. I prostrate myself at the feet of the king, my lord, 7 times and 7 times.


 * (7-10)–Whatsoever the king, my lord, orders, I shall prepare.2 (complete EA 223, with minor lacunae restored, lines 1-10)

Reverse See here; (Only: upside-down script from Obverse), See here, and here:

<!-- ==Akkadian text== Text: Akkadian language, sumerograms, Egyptianisms, etc.

Akkadian:

Obverse: Paragraph I (see here: )
 * (Line 1)--Ṭup-pí an-nu-ú,.. ṭup-pí--(Tablet this,.. tablet- )
 * (2)URU-IR-Qa-Ta,.. a-na QuoteLUGAL-ri--(-City-state-Irqata-(Arqa),.. to (the)-QuoteKing!.. )
 * (3)--EN-nuUnquote,.. um-ma,.. URU-IR-Qa-Ta a-na--(Lord-OursUnquote,.. "message thus",.. City-state-Irqata!..-- )
 * (4)--ù LÚ.MEŠ ši-bu(!)-ti-ši,..--(--and MEN(pl) elders,.. )
 * (5)--ana GÌR.MEŠ,.. Quote-LUGAL-ri EN-nuUnquote,..--(at (the) Feet(pl),.. "King-Lord-Ours",.. )
 * (6)--7 šu,.. 7 ta-an-ni,.. am-qú-ut!..--(7 times,.. (and) 7 'times again',.. we bow!,.. )
 * (7)--ana EN(=Bēlu)-nu,.. An-UTU,.. umma--(..to Lord-Ours,.. God-"Sun-God",.. "message thus"-(of) -- )
 * (8)--URU-IR-Qa-Ta!.. "i-de ŠÀ(=lìb)-bi"--(..City-Irqata!.. .."Know (in the)-HEART (of the)" -- )
 * (9)--LUGAL EN,.. i-nu-ma ni-na-ṣa-ru--( --King-Lord!.. .."Now (-at-this-time)" (we) 'Watch-Guard' -- )
 * (10)--URU-IR-Qa-Ta,.. ana ša-šu!...--(City-Irqata,.. for Him!....(i.e. for the Pharaoh) )


 * (Line 1)--(Ṭuppu annû,.. ṭuppu- )
 * (2)--(-City-Irqata,.. to QuoteLUGAL(=ŠÀR-ru)- )
 * (3)--(-Bēlu-nuUnquote,.. "umma",.. City-Irqata!.. )
 * (4)--(ù LÚ.MEŠ-(šību)"the elders"!.. )
 * (5)--(ana šêpu(meš),.. "LUGAL(=ŠÀR-ru)-Bēlu-nu",.. )
 * (6)--(7 šu (ù) 7 ta-an-ni, maqātu!.. )
 * (7)--(ana Bēlu-nu,.. d-UTU,.. umma --)
 * (8)--(City-Irqata!.. .."Idû (in the)-ŠÀ(=lìb)-bi (=libbu)" -- )
 * (9)--(LUGAL EN!.. ..Inūma(=enūma) naṣāru -- )
 * (10)--(-City-Irqata,.. ana šâšu!.... )


 * segue:
 * Paragraph II
 * (11)--I-nu-ma yu-wa-ši-ra,.. LUGAL,..--("Now-(at-this-time)",.. sent,.. (the) King- )
 * (12)--EN-nu,.. 1.diš-DUMU-Bi-Ha-A,.. Ù--(..-Lord-Ours,.. 1.-DUMU(son(=compatriot))-Bi-Ha-A,.. And,.. )
 * (13)--yi-iq-bi,.. ana ia-ši-nu--(..He said,.. to us,.. )
 * (14)--QuoteUmma LUGAL,.. Ú-ṣa-ru-mi--(Quote"Message thus" (the) King,.. Guard!.. )
 * (15)--URU-IR-Qa-Ta!..Unquote .. DUMU.MEŠ,.. )--(City-state-Irqata!Unquote.. "Sons"(Compatriots),.. )
 * (16)--LÚ-ša-ri LUGAL-ri--(of the traitor,.. (of the)King,.. )
 * (17)--tu-ba-ú-na-nu!..--("seek harm"(attack/'to rise up')!.. )
 * (18)--URU-IR-Qa-Ta,.. tu-a-[-ú!.. ]--(City-Irqata,.. "seeks loyalty"!..(="to be good") )


 * (11)--(Inūma aṣû/uššuru,.. LUGAL(=ŠÀR-ru)- )
 * (12)--(Bēlu-nu,.. 1. DUMU-Bi-Ha-A,.. Ù,.. )
 * (13)--(..qabû,.. ana iāši,.. )
 * (14)--(Quote"Umma" (the) LUGAL: ''Naṣāru!.. )
 * (15)--(City-Irqata!..Unquote .. DUMU.MEŠ (of),.. )
 * (16)--(LÚ-ša-ri,.. (of the)-Šarru,.. )
 * (17)--(tebû-("us")!.. )
 * (18)--(City-Irqata,.. tâbu!... )


 * segue:
 * Paragraph III
 * (19)--Ki-ta a-na,.. LUGAL-ri,..(As to(Whether),.. King,.. )
 * (20)--i-nu-ma,.. na-ad-nu [ x  a-na,.. --("Now-(at-this-time)",.. "having given"("to throw/cast"),.. (x="silver"),.. to,.. )
 * (21)--KUR-Sú-Ba-Ri,.. qa-du,..(Land-Subaru,.. "handed over",.. )
 * (22)--(3x(u) ANŠE.KUR.RA.MEŠ [ (ù) giš-GIGIR.MEŠ ]--(30 Horses [ (and) chariots ],.. )


 * (19)--(Kī ana,.. LUGAL-ri(ŠÀR-ri),.. )
 * (20)--(inūma,.. nadû [ x ana ],.. )
 * (21)--(KUR-Su-Ba-Ri,.. qātu.. )
 * (22)--(30 ANŠE.KUR.RA.MEŠ [ (ù) (GIŠ).GIGIR.MEŠ ],.. )


 * (end Obverse)

Reverse: (see here: )
 * Paragraph III (cont.)
 * (23)--Ti-de,.. ŠÀ(=lìb)-bi URU-IR-Qa-Ta!..(..Know,.. (the) mind(=heart) (of)-City-Irqata!.. )
 * segue:
 * (24)--I-nu-ma,.. ka-ši-id -- (.."Now-(when)",.. "arrived"("emplaced"),.. )
 * (25)--ṭup-pí,.. LUGAL QuoteA-na ša-[ -ha-at ]--(..tablet (of the) King,.. Quote"To Raid"("to strip") -- )
 * (26)--KUR,.. ša ìl-qú LÚ.MEŠ GAZ,.. [ ištu ]--(LAND,.. which "taken" (by) LÚ.MEŠ-("Habiru")(gaz),.. [ from ])
 * (27)--LUGAL-ri,..Unquote i-te9-ep-pi-[ -šu ]--( (the) King,..Unquote "waging war"("attack"-ing) -- )
 * (28)--nu-KÙR,.. it-ti-nu,.. ana KÙR--(..(in) War(fare),.. "with-us"(against-us),.. by (the)ENEMY,.. )
 * (29)--EN-nu,.. LÚ ti-ìš-ta-[ -pár-šu ]--( (of) Lord-Ours,.. (The)-MAN,.. "emplaced",.. )
 * (30)--UGU-nu,.. adi ni-na-ṣa-ru,.. ki--("OVER-us",.. "until" "guarding",.. "as if" )
 * segue:
 * (31)--yi-ìš-mé,.. LUGAL-ru EN-nu,.. (Hear("Listen"),.. King-Lord-Ours,.. )
 * (32)--a-wa-te,.. ARAD.MEŠ ki-ti-šu,.. ((the) 'words'("explanations") (of) SERVANT-S(pl)-yours!.. )


 * (23)--(..Idû,.. (the) ŠÀ(=lìb)(=heart) (of)-City-Irqata!.. )
 * segue:
 * (24)--(Inūma,.. kašādu -- )
 * (25)--(ṭuppu LUGAL(ŠÀRru),.. QuoteAna Šahāṭu -- )
 * (26)--(KUR,.. ša leqû (by) LÚ.MEŠ "Habiru"(gaz),.. ištu -- )
 * (27)--( ŠÀR-ri(Šarru),..Unquote tabû -- )
 * (28)--(nukurtu,..itti-nu,.. ana nukurtu -- )
 * (29)--(Bēlu-nu,.. "emplaced" -- )
 * (30)--(--UGU-nu(eli/muhhi-nu),.. adi naṣāru,.. kî,.. )
 * segue:
 * (31)--(Hear("Listen"),.. King-Lord-Ours,.. )
 * (32)--((the) amatu,.. ARAD.MEŠ-kâti!.. )


 * Paragraph IV
 * (33)--Ù,.. ia-di-na,.. NÍG-BA,.. ( ..And,.. (may) he ("grant"))"know",.. GIFTS,.. )
 * (34)--ana ARAD-šu,.. ù,.. ti-da-ga-lu,.. (to SERVANTS-his,.. and,.. (see)"to look",.. )
 * (35)--LÚ.MEŠ, a-ia-bu-nu ù,.. (MEN(pl), "enemies"?,.. and,.. )
 * (36)--ti-ka-lu ep-ra!... ša-ri--(..Eat Dirt!.. (May the)-Breath,.. )
 * (37)--LUGAL-ri,.. ú-ul ti-na-mu-uš--(..(of the) King,.. Not "depart"(leave),.. )
 * (38)--iš-tu mu-hi-nu,..--(from "upon us"!.. )
 * (39)--a-bu-la nu-ú-du-lu,.. a-di,..((The)-"City-Gate" "is barred",.. until,.. )
 * (40)--ka-ša-di,.. ša-ri--(..("emplaced")"Returned,.. (the)-Breath,.. )
 * (41)--LUGAL,.. ana ia-ši-nu (..(of the) King,.. for Us!.. )
 * segue:
 * (42)--kal-ga,.. nu-KÚR,.. UGU-nu!.. (..("All")Severe,.. Warfare,.. UPON-us!.. )
 * (43)--[ ma-]-GAL!.. ma-GAL!.. ("Strongly",.. "Strongly",.. (Terribly!.. Terribly!...) )


 * (33)--( ..Ù,.. idû?,.. NÍG-BA,.. )
 * (34)--(ana ARAD-šu,.. ǜ,.. dagālu,.. )
 * (35)--(LÚ.MEŠ(pl), a-ia-bu-nu,.. ù,.. )
 * (36)--(akālu eperu!... Šāru,.. )
 * (37)--(LUGAL-ri(ŠÀR-ri),.. ul tamû,.. )
 * (38)--(ištu muhhu!... )
 * (39)--(Abullu xxx,.. adi )
 * (40)--(kašāda,.. šāru,.. )
 * (41)--(LUGAL,.. ana iāši-nu,.. )
 * segue:
 * (42)--(kalu,.. nukurtu,.. UGU-nu,.. )
 * (43)--(magal!.. magal!... )-->