Anatol Vieru

Anatol Vieru (8 June 1926 – 8 October 1998) was a Romanian music theoretician, pedagogue, and composer. A pupil of Aram Khachaturian, he composed seven symphonies, eight string quartets, concertos, and chamber music. He also wrote three operas: Iona (1976), Praznicul Calicilor (1981), and Telegrame, Temă și Variațiuni (1983). He was awarded the Herder Prize in 1986.

Biography
Vieru was born in Iași. He married in 1954 Nina Shutikova, with who he had one son and one daughter; his son is the pianist, writer, and mathematician Andrei Vieru. He was a conductor at the Bucharest National Theatre from 1947 to 1950, when he became editor of the Muzica (magazine) magazine. He died in Bucharest at age 72.

Dramatic

 * Iona (opera, 1, after Marin Sorescu and sketches by M.C. Escher), 1972–75, concert performed in Bucharest, 31 October 1976
 * Praznicul calicilor [The Feast of the Beggars] (op, after Mihail Sorbul), 1978–80, Berlin, 1991
 * Telegrame (mini-opera, after Ion Luca Caragiale), 1983
 * Temă cu Variațiuni [Theme and Variations] (mini-opera, after Caragiale), 1983
 * Ultimele zile, ultimele ore [The Last Days, the Last Hours] (opera, 3, after Alexander Pushkin: Mozart and Salieri and Bulgakov: The Last Days), 1990–95

Film scores
(Names of directors in parentheses):
 * Când primăvara e fierbinte [When Spring is Hot] (Mircea Săucan), 1960
 * Ciucurencu (Erich Nussbaum), 1964
 * Procesul alb [The White Trial] (Iulian Mihu), 1965
 * Brâncuși la Târgu-Jiu [Brâncuși at Târgu-Jiu] (Erich Nussbaum), 1966
 * Soarele negru [Black Sun] (Slavomir Popovici), 1968
 * O sută de lei [100 Leis] (Mircea Săucan), 1972
 * Felix și Otilia [Felix and Otilia] (Iulian Mihu), 1972
 * Marele singuratic [The Great Lonesome] (Iulian Mihu), 1976
 * Intoarcera lui Vodă Lăpușneanu [Lăpușneanu's Return] (Malvina Urșianu), 1979

Orchestral
Symphonies:
 * no.1 'Oda tăcerii' [Ode to Silence], 1967
 * no.2, 1973
 * no.3 'La un cutremur' [Earthquake Symphony], 1978
 * no.4, 1982
 * no.5 (Mihai Eminescu), chorus, orchestra, 1984–85
 * no.6 [Exodus], 1989
 * no.7 'Annul soarelui calm' [The Year of the Silent Sun], 1992–93

Other:
 * Suită în stil vechi [Suite in an Olden Style], for strings, 1945
 * Dansuri simfonice, 1952
 * Concerto for Orchestra, 1954–55
 * Flute Concerto, 1958
 * Simfonia de cameră, 1962
 * Cello Concerto, 1962
 * Jocuri (Jeux), piano, orchestra, 1963
 * Violin Concerto, 1964
 * Clepsidra I (Sonnenuhr), 1968–69
 * Muzeu muzical [Museum Music], harpsichord, 12 strings, 1968
 * Screen (Ecran), 1969
 * Clarinet Concerto, 1975
 * Sinfonietta, 1975
 * Concerto for violin, cello and orchestra, 1979
 * Sinfonia concertante, cello and orchestra, 1987
 * Narration II, sax and orchestra, 1985
 * Memorial, 1990
 * Psalm, 1993
 * Piano Concerto 'Caleidoscop', 1993
 * Malincolia furiosa, viola and orchestra, 1994
 * Hibernal, panpipes, strings, 1995
 * Flute Concerto no.2, 1996
 * Guitar Concerto, 1996
 * Musik, organ and strings, 1996
 * Elegia II, cello, doublebass and chamber orchestra, 1998

Vocal
Choral:
 * Mierla lui Ilie Pintilie Ilie Pintilie's Blackbrid] (cant.), 1949
 * Miorița Miorița: The Little Ewe Lamb] (oratorio), 1957
 * Cantata anilor lumină [Light Years Cântată] (Nina Cassian), 1960
 * Scene nocturne (Federico García Lorca), 2 choruses, 1964
 * Vocale [Vowels] (Giuseppe Ungaretti), female chorus, 1963
 * Clepsidra II (folk texts), chorus, panpipes, cymbal, orchestra, 1971
 * Fratele cel sărac [The Poor Brother] (after Ion Neculce), 1993
 * Daniil, 1994
 * În marea apusului [In the Sea of Sunsets], chorus, trumpet, timpani, 1998

Solo:
 * Muzică pentru Bacovia și Labiș [Music for Bacovia and Labiș], 1959–63:
 * 1) The Struggle against Inertia, mezzo-soprano, tenor, flute, violin, piano
 * 2) Nocturnes and Resonances of Bacovia, soprano, flute, piano
 * 3) Truces, mezzo-soprano, piano
 * Discul lui Newton [Newton's Disc], 12 solo vv, 1972
 * 4 unghiuri din care am văzut Florența [4 Angels to See Florence], soprano, piano/harpsichord, 1–2 percussionists, 1973
 * Cântec arhaic de dragoste [Ancient Love Songs] (Bible: Solomon):
 * 1) I. Sage mir an, Mez, flute, oboe, clarinet, bassoon, 1985
 * 2) II.  O that you were a Brother to Me, 8vv, 1987
 * 3) III. Siehe, du bist schön, Mez, a sax, 1985
 * 4) IV.  Fă-mă precum o pecete [Set Me as a Seal upon your Heart], 4vv, flute, oboe, clarinet, bassoon, horn, 1989
 * 5) V. Ja nartsis saronskij [I am a Rose of Sharon], chorus, 1987;
 * Poveste [Marches], Sprechstimme, percussion, 1993
 * Archipelagos, baritone, vibraphone, 1994
 * Dechanson (Tristan Tzara), 4vv, 1995
 * Questions et reponses (Paul Celan, P. Solomon), 4vv, 1995
 * Iarba ochilor tăi [The Grass of your Eyes] (Paul Celan), 4vv, 1997

Chamber and solo instrumental
String quartets:
 * no.1, 1955
 * no.2, 1956
 * no.3, soprano and string quartet, 1973
 * no.4, 1980
 * no.5, 1982
 * no.6, 1986
 * no.7, 1987
 * no.8, 1991

Other:
 * Clarinet Quintet, 1957
 * Kammersymphonie, 1962
 * Trepte ale tăcerii [Steps of Silence], string quartet, percussion, 1966
 * Nautilos, piano, tape, 1969
 * Sita lui Eratostene [The Riddle of Eratosthanes], clarinet, violin, viola, cello, piano, 1969
 * Nașterea unui limbaj [The Birth of a Language], piano 4 hands, 1971
 * Mozaicuri [Mosaics], 3 percussionists, 1972
 * Iosif și frații săi [Joseph and his Brothers], 11 instruments, tape, 1979
 * Scoica [Shell], 15 strings, 1982
 * Double Duos, a sax/b clarinet, vib/mar, 1983
 * Ma–jo–r Music, flute, clarinet, harp, string quartet, 1984;
 * Metasaks, sax, dea (1984);
 * Soroc I, 6 studies, percussion, 1984
 * Soroc II, 7 instruments, 1984
 * Sonata, violin, cello, 1984–5
 * Diaphonie, cello, doublebass, 1987
 * Trînta [Wrestling], sax, percussion, 1987;
 * Epistolaire, a flute, piano, 1988
 * Multigen, a flute, oboe, a sax, percussion, piano, 1988
 * Giusto, sax, 2 guitars, synth, percussion, 1989
 * Versete [Verses], 1989
 * Sax Quartet, 1990
 * Sax-Vier, sax quartet, 1991
 * Trio microtonic, bassoon, guitar, doublebass, 1992
 * Feuerwerk, flute, violin, vibraphone, 1994
 * Crăciun [Christmas], violin, piano, 1994
 * Canto, oboe, percussion, 1995
 * Couple, clarinet, viola, 1995
 * Duo leggiero, flute, percussion, 1995
 * Rubato, oboe, percussion, 1995
 * Toccatina, 2 guitar, 1995
 * Chanson de geste, guitar, cello, 1996
 * Gruss, violin, cello, piano, organ, 1996
 * Masca [Masks], flute, cello, doublebass, 1996
 * Canon und Fuge, piano 4 hands, 1997
 * Elegia I, sax, organ, 1997
 * Et in Arcadia ego, 3 recorders, 1997
 * Posviascenie [Dedication], trumpet, cello, timpani, 1997
 * Trio, violin, cello, piano, 1997
 * Centaurus, sax, trombone, percussion, 1998

Solo:
 * Din lumea copiilor [From the Realm of Childhood], 8 miniatures, piano, 1958
 * Sonata, cello, 1963, arr. cello, percussion (1977)
 * Narration, organ, 1973
 * Piano Sonata, 1976
 * Pelinarium, synthesizer, 1986
 * Dar I [Gift], flute, 1988
 * Dar II, cello, 1989
 * Design-Dasein, flute+a flute+piccolo, 1993
 * Piano Sonata, 1994
 * Ritmuri [Rhythms], piano, 1994
 * Adio, piano, 1996
 * Eppur si muove, flute, 1996
 * Sandu, piano, 1996
 * Schöntok, piano, 1996
 * Capriccio, violin, 1997
 * Voeu, piano, 1997