Antoni Milkowski

Antoni Milkowski (1935–2001) was an American minimalist sculptor.

Biography
Antoni "Tony" Milkowski was born October 7, 1935, in Evanston, Illinois. He was also known as "Antek", particularly by his family. When he was two years old, the family moved to New York City. He attended Kenyon College where he received a degree in biology in 1957. For a time, he considered pursuing a career in medicine, taking additional science courses at Columbia University. Instead, in 1958, he enlisted in the United States Marine Corps Officers Candidate Program. While stationed in San Diego, California, he took drawing and art history courses at the University of California, Berkeley, extension program.

Discharged from the Marine Corps in 1961, Milkowski returned to New York and worked for a time as a recreation leader for the NYC Parks Department. The following year, he enrolled in an M.A. program at Hunter College. He worked on and off in the Queens parks during this time and also taught at the Lost Battalion Hall Recreation Center.

In 1963, while at Hunter College, Milkowski began studying with Tony Smith, Ad Reinhardt, Michael Ponce de Leon, George Sugarman and Eugene Goossen. His interactions with these artists, in addition to his meeting David Smith, cemented his desire to pursue sculpture.

It was in 1964–1965, while a Fulbright Scholar in Poland (where he also taught at the Academy of Fine Arts in Warsaw), that Milkowski was invited to participate in the Biennial of Forms in Space, where he created his first major large-scale public work entitled "Poland Column". During this period, he began to develop his aesthetic of merging geometry and repetition, mainly in modular units and generally in steel. Over the years, he refined his methods and became interested in the concept of negative space and of the three-dimensional form in space.

The sculpture Salem No. 7, from 1968, exemplifies these ideas. The piece consists of seven rectangular prisms (34″ × 34″ × 48″ each) and has a total size of 4′ high × 28′ long × 4′ deep. The massive scale is offset by its expansive and open surroundings. Additionally, the contrast between the manmade, cold material and the lushness of the landscape surrounding it create the type of contrast that Milkowski often sought in his work. When observing Seven up close, it becomes apparent that the artist used unfinished edges which brings to mind drawn edges one might see in painting. When viewing the piece from afar and from different angles, however, the user has the opportunity to see an ever-shifting work. In high light or low light, from back or front, in winter or summer, the viewer is privy to seeing something new with each successive viewing.

In 1974, Milkowski married artist and teacher Susan Hartung. They had two children together. After retiring from Hunter College, where he taught from 1966 to 1998, he lived and continued creating art in New Lebanon, New York. He died in 2001.

Permanent installations

 * 2012		Berkshire Community College, Pittsfield MA
 * 2012		State University of New York, Albany NY
 * 2007		Kenyon College, Gambier OH
 * 2006		Albany Institute of History and Art, Albany NY
 * 2003		The Fields, Art OMI, Ghent NY
 * 1988		Hofstra University, Hempstead, NY
 * 1975		Hudson Valley Community College, Troy NY
 * 1973		Marine Midland Center, Buffalo NY
 * 1972		Madison Square Park, NYC (moved to Bellevue South Park, NYC in 2001)
 * 1971		Hornick Factory, Haverstraw NY
 * 1968		Area 12, Charles Center, Baltimore MD
 * 1968		Bradley Sculpture Park, Milwaukee WI
 * 1968		Albright-Knox Gallery, Buffalo NY
 * 1967		The Governor Nelson A. Rockefeller Empire State Plaza Art Collection, Albany NY
 * 1965		Elblag, Poland

Selected exhibitions

 * 2008		SculptureNow, Lenox MA
 * 2002		One-person Show, In Memoriam, Berkshire Community College, Pittsfield MA
 * 2001		Contemporary Sculpture at Chesterwood '01, Stockbridge MA (Also 1996, 1991, 1985, 1982)
 * 2001		Three-person show, Art Sites, Greenport NY
 * 2001		Art and Mathematics, Koussevitzky Art Gallery, Pittsfield MA
 * 2000		Museum Ball and Contemporary Art Auction, Albany Museum of History and Art, Albany NY. (Also 1999, 1998, 1997, 1995, 1993, 1992, 1991)
 * 1999		Set in Steel, a retrospective, Hunter College, Times Square Gallery, NYC
 * 1999		Rondout Biennial Sculpture Exhibitions, Kingston NY. (Also 1998 and 1997)
 * 1997		Hunter College Benefit Auction, Leubsdorf Gallery, Hunter College, NYC
 * 1996		Hunter College Faculty Exhibition, The Art Gallery, Hunter College, NYC. (Also 1993)
 * 1994		Sculpture at Naumkeag, Stockbridge MA
 * 1993		The Rickey Collection of Constructivist Art, Neuberger Museum, Purchase NY
 * 1992		Bridges, Boulevard Project-Space, Albany NY
 * 1991		Eight Young Artists: Then and Now – 1964 & 1991, Hunter College, NYC
 * 1990		Two-person show, Contemporary Art, University of Slask, Cieszyn, Poland
 * 1988		In Memory of John Bernard Myers, Kouros Gallery, NYC
 * 1988		Two-person show, College of Saint Rose, Albany NY
 * 1988		Art as Act: Representing Vietnam, Leubsdorf Gallery, Hunter College, NYC
 * 1986		Tricentennial Salute to Sculpture, Academy Lafayette Park, Albany NY
 * 1985		Aspects of Constructivism, The Atrium Gallery, G. E. Corporatio, Schenectady NY
 * 1985		Steel ... The Show, The Gallery, Albany Institute of History and Art, Albany NY
 * 1980		Wards Island Show, NYC
 * 1979		Berkshire Community College, Pittsfield MA
 * 1977		Seven Area Artists, Hudson Valley Community College, Troy NY
 * 1976		American Academy and Institute of Arts and Letters, NYC
 * 1973-1999	sculpture on exhibit, State University of New York at Albany, Albany NY
 * 1973		sculpture on exhibit, Tanglewood Music Center, Lenox MA
 * 1971		John C. Myers Gallery, NYC
 * 1970		Jewish Museum, NYC

Academic and professional honors

 * 1990-1991		City University of New York Research Grant for large-scale sculpture
 * 1990			Artist's Residency, Association of Norwegian Artists, Svolvaer, Norway
 * 1990			Lecturer, Slask University, Cieszyn, Poland
 * 1984			Artist in Residence, Washington State University, Pullman WA
 * 1977			National Sculpture Conference, Jonesboro, Arkansas. Invited to participate in panel on scale and environment.
 * 1976			Artist in Residence, Artpark, Lewiston NY
 * 1974			NEA Matching Grant for Hudson Valley Community College, Troy NY
 * 1973-1974		City University Research Grant for large-scale sculpture
 * 1973			Inclusion in HUD publication, "Sculpture for Public Places"
 * 1971-1972		City University of New York Research Grant for large-scale sculpture
 * 1968-1969		Design in Steel Awards, citation for excellence
 * 1964-1965	   Fulbright Joint Government Grant for study in Poland. Worked in sculpture and graphics at Academy of Fine Arts, Warsaw. Conducted 	                seminars and lectures on contemporary American art.

Selected bibliography

 * Glueck, Grace, "Antoni Milkowski, 'Set in Steel'," New York Times, November 19, 1999
 * "Campus Adorned with More Sculpture this Fall," Hofstra News, September 1988, p.2
 * "Milkowski's Sculpture on Exhibit Now at Sutters Antiques and Art, Chatham Magazine, August 1986, p.16
 * Wright, Peg, "Brush Marks," Schenectady Gazette, August 29, 1985
 * Johnson, Ken, "Chesterwood: An Outdoor Gallery of Art," Albany Times Union, August 25, 1985
 * Russell, Gloria, "Sculpture and Nature in Harmony at Chesterwood," Springfield Sunday Republican, July 7, 1985
 * Bonenti, Charles, "Sculpture at Chesterwood," Berkshire Eagle, July 22, 1982, p.21
 * Bell, Winifred, "A Perfect Sculpture Setting," Berkshire Eagle, October 4, 1979, p.11
 * Pasquine, Ruth, "Sculpture on Display at BCC," Berkshire Eagle, October 3, 1979, p.4
 * Hawkins, Stephen, "Chatham Sculptor Creating Work to be Placed at HVCC," Berkshire Eagle, December 22, 1975, p.34
 * "East Chatham Sculptor's Design Fabricated at Stephentown Plant," The Echo, December 20, 1975, p.1
 * Dicker, Fredric U., "HVCC Sculpture Accepted Reluctantly," The Times Union, July 2, 1975, p.3
 * Shirey, David L., "Paramus Sculpture Show Covers Half-Mile," New York Times, June 30, 1971, p.30
 * Baro, Gene, "Decisive Art Collection of the Barton G. Tremains," Vogue, February 1969, p.132
 * Design in Steel Awards Catalog, 1969, p.42
 * Battock, Gregory, ed., Minimal Art, A Critical Anthology, New York: E. P. Dutton, 1968, pp.165–174
 * House Beautiful, November 1968
 * "Art World Hails Antoni Milkowski," Polish American Journal, April 13, 1968, p.6
 * Time magazine, October 13, 1967, p.81
 * Glueck, Grace, "Sculpfest,," New York Times, June 25, 1967, p.23
 * Glueck, Grace, "New York Gallery Notes," Art in America, May/June 1967, pp.114,116
 * "Lost Leonardos," Newsweek, February 27, 1967, p.98
 * Glueck, Grace, "On the Whole, It's Avant Garde," New York Times, January 28, 1967, p.C23
 * Goossen, E. C., "Distillation: A Joint Showing," Artforum, November 1966, p.32
 * Browne, Rackstraw, "Reviews and Previews," Artnews, Summer 1966, p.64
 * Kwiatowski, Gerard, "We are Optimistic," Poland Illustrated Magazine, January 1966, p.7