Antonov An-28

The Antonov An-28 (NATO reporting name Cash) is a twin-engined light turboprop transport aircraft, developed from the Antonov An-14M. It was the winner of a competition against the Beriev Be-30, for use by Aeroflot as a short-range airliner. It first flew in 1969. A total of 191 were built and 16 remain in airline service as at August 2015. After a short pre-production series built by Antonov, it was licence-built in Poland by PZL-Mielec. In 1993, PZL-Mielec developed its own improved variant, the PZL M28 Skytruck.

Development
The An-28 is similar to the An-14 in many aspects, including its wing structure and twin rudders, but features an expanded fuselage and turboprop engines, in place of the An-14's piston engines. The An-28 first flew as a modified An-14 in 1969. The next preproduction model did not fly until 1975. In passenger carrying configuration, accommodation was provided for up to 15 people, in addition to the two-man crew. Production was transferred to PZL-Mielec in 1978. The first Polish-built aircraft did not fly until 1984. The An-28 finally received its Soviet type certificate in 1986.

Variants

 * An-14A
 * The original Antonov designation for an enlarged, twin-turboprop version of the An-14.


 * An-14M
 * Prototype.


 * An-28
 * Twin-engined short-range utility transport aircraft, three built.


 * An-28RM Bryza 1RM
 * Search and rescue, air ambulance aircraft.


 * An-28TD Bryza 1TD
 * Transport version.


 * An-28PT
 * Variant made in Poland with Pratt & Whitney PT6 engines first flown 22 July 1993.

Civil operators
Major operators of the 16 Antonov An-28 aircraft remaining in airline service include:
 * Skiva Air (2)
 * Vostok Airlines (3)
 * SiLA (3)
 * Tajik Air (2)
 * SiLA (3)
 * Tajik Air (2)
 * Tajik Air (2)

Former civilian operators

 * Air Livonia
 * Enimex
 * 🇰🇿 Kazakhstan
 * Avluga-Trans (11)
 * Kyrgyzstan Airlines (5)
 * Tepavia Trans (4)
 * Blue Wing Airlines (formerly operated five with three lost in crashes on 3 April 2008, 15 October 2009, and 15 May 2010)
 * Tepavia Trans (4)
 * Blue Wing Airlines (formerly operated five with three lost in crashes on 3 April 2008, 15 October 2009, and 15 May 2010)
 * Blue Wing Airlines (formerly operated five with three lost in crashes on 3 April 2008, 15 October 2009, and 15 May 2010)
 * Blue Wing Airlines (formerly operated five with three lost in crashes on 3 April 2008, 15 October 2009, and 15 May 2010)

Military operators

 * Georgian Air Force – two as of December 2016.
 * 🇹🇿 Tanzania
 * Tanzania Air Force Command – one as of December 2016.
 * Tanzania Air Force Command – one as of December 2016.

Former military operators

 * Djibouti Air Force two retired.
 * Peruvian Army two in storage
 * Peruvian Army two in storage
 * Peruvian Army two in storage

Former operators

 * Aeroflot
 * Soviet Air Force
 * Soviet Air Force

Notable accidents and incidents

 * 19 October 1992
 * Aeroflot Flight 302 stalled and crashed shortly after takeoff from Ust-Nem, Russia following a loss of control due to engine failure, killing 15 of 16 on board.


 * 29 December 1999
 * Ecuato Guineana (3C-JJI) An-28 crashed into the Black Sea off İnebolu, killing all six people on board.


 * 23 November 2001
 * ELK Airways Flight 1007, an An-28 ES-NOV operated by Enimex, struck trees and crashed about 1.5 km from the airport while attempting to land in bad weather at Kärdla Airport, Estonia. Of the 14 passengers and 3 crew on board, 2 passengers were killed.


 * 29 August 2002
 * Vostok Aviation Company Flight 359 struck a mountain slope near Ayan, Russia after the pilot descended too soon during the approach to Ayan, killing all 16 on board.


 * 25 May 2005
 * A chartered Maniema Union An-28, owned by Victoria Air, crashed into a mountain near Walungu in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, about 30 minutes after takeoff. All of the 22 passengers and five crew members were killed.


 * 3 August 2006
 * A TRACEP-Congo Aviation An-28 (9Q-COM) struck a mountainside in low cloud while descending for Bukavu, Democratic Republic of the Congo, killing all 17 on board.


 * 3 April 2008
 * A Blue Wing Airlines An-28 crashed upon landing near Benzdorp in Suriname. All 19 on board were killed.


 * 15 October 2009
 * A Blue Wing Airlines An-28 overran the runway on landing at Kwamelasemoetoe Airstrip, Suriname and hit an obstacle. The aircraft was substantially damaged and four people were injured, one seriously.


 * 15 May 2010
 * A Blue Wing Airlines An-28 crashed over the upper Marowijne district approximately 3 mi north-east of Poketi, Suriname. The two pilots and six passengers died.


 * 30 January 2012
 * A TRACEP-Congo Aviation An-28 crashed while on a domestic cargo flight from Bukavu-Kamenbe Airport to Namoya Airstrip, Democratic Republic of the Congo, killing three of the five crew.


 * 12 September 2012
 * Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky Air Flight 251 crashed while on a domestic flight from Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky to Palana Airport, killing ten of 14 people.


 * 16 July 2021
 * SiLA Airlines Flight 42 force-landed and crashed upside-down in the Bakcharsky District, Tomsk Oblast, Russia after both engines failed due to icing; all 18 on board survived.

An An-28 was damaged by Russian artillery during the attack on Hostomel.
 * 27 February 2022