At-Takathur

At-Takāthur (التكاثر, "Rivalry, Competition") is the 102nd chapter (sūrah) of the Qur'an, with 8 verses (āyāt). Regarding the timing and contextual background of the believed revelation (asbāb al-nuzūl), it is an earlier "Meccan surah", which means it is believed to have been revealed in Mecca, rather than later in Medina.

Summary

 * 1-3 Men spend their time seeking the things of this world
 * 3-5 The judgment-day shall reveal their folly
 * 6-8 In consequence they shall see hell-fire

Text, translation, and transliteration
The translation is the Saheeh International English translation of the Qur'an.

Bismi l-āhi r-raḥmāni r-raḥīm(i)

In the name of Allāh, the Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful...

1 ’al hākumu t-takāthur(u)

Competition in [worldly] increase diverts you

2 Ḥattā zurtumu l-maqābir(a)

Until you visit the graveyards.

3 Kallā sawfa ta‘lamūn(a)

No! You are going to know.

4 Thumma kallā sawfa ta‘lamūn(a)

Then, no! You are going to know.

5 Kallā law ta‘lamūna ‘ilma l-yaqīn(i)

No! If you only knew with knowledge of certainty...

6 Latarawunna l-jaḥīm(a)

You will surely see the Hellfire.

7 Thumma latarawunnahā ‘ayna l-yaqīn(i)

Then you will surely see it with the eye of certainty.

8 Thumma latus’alunna yawma’idhin ‘ani n-na‘īm(i)

Then you will surely be asked that Day about pleasure.

Overview
After the bismillah, this Surah is concerned with factionalism and schism amongst people. Disagreements between individuals and groups follow us "even until you visit the tombs". Three times in a row the sura warns the reader that "you shall know" that those who sow discord are headed towards Hell. Here, proper understanding is required for entrance into Paradise, and should one not attain this on Earth, one will receive the "eye of certainty" on the Day of Judgment, when "you shall be questioned ... concerning true bliss".

Theme and subject matter
Nahj al-Balagha commentary on Al-Islam.org is quoted as: "The genesis of the descending of this verse is that the tribes of Banu Abd al-Manaf and Banu Sahm began to boast against each other over the abundance of their wealth and the number of their tribesmen, and in order to prove they had a greater number each one began to include their dead as well, whereupon this verse was revealed to the effect that abundance of riches and majority in numbers has made you so forgetful that you count the dead also with the living. This verse is also taken to mean that abundance of riches and progeny has made you forgetful till you reached the graves, but the utterance of Amir al-mu'minin supports the first meaning."

Mention in ahadith

 * It was narrated from Mutarrif, from his father, that the Prophet said: "The mutual rivalry (for piling up of worldly things) diverts you, 'Until you visit the graves (i.e. till you die).' The son of Adam says: 'My wealth, my wealth,' but your wealth is what you eat and consume, or what you wear and it wears out, or what you give in charity and send on ahead (for the Hereafter).'"


 * Mutarrif bin Abdullah bin Ash-Shikh-khir reported from his father, : that he went to the Prophet and he was reciting: ‘أَلْهَاكُمُ التَّكَاثُرُ’ He said: “The son of Adam says: ‘My wealth, my wealth.’ And do you own anything except what you give in charity, such that you’ve spent it, or what you eat, such that you’ve finished it, or you wear, such that you’ve worn it out?”