Averoigne

Averoigne is a fictional counterpart of a historical province in France, detailed in a series of short stories by the American writer Clark Ashton Smith. Smith may have based Averoigne on the actual province of Auvergne, but its name was probably influenced by the French department of Aveyron, immediately south of Auvergne, due to the similarity in pronunciation. Sixteen of Smith's stories take place in Averoigne. In Smith's fiction, the Southern French province is considered "the most witch-ridden in the entire country." The most well-known citizen is Gaspard du Nord of Vyones, a wizard who translated The Book of Eibon into Norman French.

Fictional history
In ancient times, Smith depicts Averoigne as having been settled by the fictional Gallic tribe called the Averones. They established a number of settlements in the region, many of which were fortified when the Roman Empire absorbed the region. When Christianity spread through the Empire, many churches and monasteries were established among the ruins of Druidic temples. Greatest among these was a great cathedral constructed in Vyones, completed in 1138.

Fictional geography
Averoigne is depicted by Smith as being located in the southern half of France. The northern half of the territory is dominated by the walled city of Vyones, site of an impressive cathedral. In the southern half is located the town of Ximes; the main road of Averoigne runs between Ximes and Vyones, straight through the thick, dark forest that blankets the province. A river called Isoile flows from the mountains in the northern part of the province to feed into a swamp in the south.

Other towns and villages depicted by Smith as being located in Averoigne include: Moulins, Les Hiboux, La Frenâie, Touraine, Sainte Zenobie, and Périgon. In the forest can be found haunted ruins, such as the Château of Fausseflammes and the stronghold of Ylourgne. (It was from that abandoned abode of evil robber barons, that the horrific events of The Colossus of Ylourgne had their start.)

Reception
In 1993, Stefan Dziemianowicz wrote in Dark Eidolon: The Journal of Smith Studies that "The Colossus of Ylourgne, with its series of increasingly bizarre events culminating in the rampage of the most awesome monster to appear in Smith's fiction, comes closest of any of the Averoigne tales to evoking the sense of wonder in Smith's otherworldly fantasies... Smith appears to be saying that even the sorcerors of Averoigne are unable to transcend their flawed humanity."

Fragments
A number of other Averoigne stories exist in outline form, incomplete at the time of Smith's death. These include:
 * "The Gargoyle of Vyones"
 * "The Sorceress of Averoigne/The Tower of Istarelle"
 * "Queen of the Sabbat"
 * "The Doom of Azédarac"
 * "The Oracle of Sadoqua"
 * "The Werewolf of Averoigne"

Other writers
Other writers have set stories in Averoigne, including:


 * "Out of the Aeons", by H.P. Lovecraft (with Hazel Heald), 1933
 * "The Butcher of Vyones", by Michael Minnis (The Sorcerer's Apprentices, Sunken Citadel/Tenoka Press, 1998)
 * "The Circumstances of Ghostly Cats", by Michael Minnis (Apocalypse Rhythm: The Complete Cthulhu Mythos Tales of Michael Minnis, Volume 1, Lindisfarne Press)
 * "Gros Vert", by Michael Minnis (Apocalypse Rhythm: The Complete Cthulhu Mythos Tales of Michael Minnis, Volume 1, Lindisfarne Press)
 * "Symposium of the Gargoyle: A Tale of Nineteenth Century Averoigne", by Simon Whitechapel
 * "The Passing of Belzévuthe" by Simon Whitechapel
 * "Hugh the Discerning" by Garnett Elliott
 * "The Doom of Azédarac" "posthumous collaboration" by Ron Hilger
 * "The Oracle of Sadoqua" "posthumous collaboration" by Ron Hilger
 * The Dungeons & Dragons module X2, Castle Amber, designed by Tom Moldvay, contains numerous references to and includes Averoigne and several of its characters as a temporary adventure setting

In Other Media
Averoigne appears in several other works, including:


 * In the novel A Case of Conscience, James Blish includes a character named "Lucien le Comte des Bois d'Averoigne." This name means, "Lucien, the Count of the Woods of Averoigne."
 * In the manga The Case Study of Vanitas Volume 1, the protagonist Noé Archiviste is said to come from Averoigne.