Battle of Kerch Strait (1790)



The naval Battle of (the) Kerch Strait (also known as Battle of Yenikale, by the old Turkish name of the strait near Kerch) took place on 19 July 1790 near Kerch, Crimea, was a victory for Imperial Russia over the Ottoman Empire during the Russo-Turkish War, 1787-1792.

Battle
The Russian fleet, under Ushakov, sailed from Sevastopol on 13 July 1790 for the southern Crimea, after hearing a report that the Ottoman fleet had been sighted there. On 19 July it anchored at the mouth of the Kerch Strait and sent privateers out in search of the Ottomans. At 10 am they reported a sighting and 30 minutes later the Ottoman fleet came into view from the east. With the wind from the ENE, Ushakov formed a line on the port tack (i.e. south-east). The Ottomans turned from their group formation and formed a parallel line to the east of the Russian line. Seeing that the Ottoman battle-line contained just their battleships, Ushakov sent 6 frigates to form a second line to leeward of the main line, and between about 12pm and 3pm, 3 hours of indecisive longish-range fighting followed, but then the wind changed direction to NNE and the Russians luffed, turning toward the Ottoman line. The Ottomans reversed course, 2 of their ships colliding as they did so, because some ships turned left and others turned right. As the Russians steered toward the tail-end of the Ottomans line, and with the wind from the north, the Ottoman admiral steered away, to the SW. At about 7pm firing ceased. The Russians followed all night, but by morning, the faster ships of the Ottomans were out of sight. Russian casualties were 29 killed and 68 wounded, with very little damage to ships. The Russian victory prevented the Ottoman Empire from achieving its goal in landing an army in Crimea.

Russia
Rozhdestvo Christovo 84 (flag of Rear-Admiral Fyodor Ushakov )

Maria Magdalina 66

Slava Ekateriny 66

''Sv. Pavel'' 66

''Sv. Vladimir'' 66

''Sv. Aleksandr Nevskii'' 50

''Sv. Andrei Pervozvannyi'' 50

''Sv. Georgii Pobyedonosets'' 50

Ioann Bogoslov 46

''Sv. Petr Apostol'' 46

Fanagoria 40

Kinburn 40

Legkii 40

Perun 40

Stryela 40

Taganrog 40

''Sv. Ieronim'' (bomb)

2 fireships

13 privateers

Polotsk

Ottoman Empire
Mukaddeme-i Nusret 74 (flag of Kapudane Said Bey)

Bahr-i Zafer 72 (flag of Kapudan Pasha Giritli Hüseyin)

Melik-i Bahri 72 (flag of Patrona Bey)

Anka-i Bahri 72

Fethü'l Fettah 66

Nüvid-i Fütuh 66

Peleng-i Bahri 66

Tevfikullah 66

Feyz-i Hüda 66 (flag of Riyale Bey)

Mesudiye 58

Inayet-i Hakk 58

Burc-ı Zafer 52

Şehbaz-ı Bahri 52

Ukâb-ı Bahri 52

Polâd-ı Bahri 44

Mazhar-ı Saadet 38

Mebdâ-i Nusret 32

Raad-ı Bahri 20 (bomb frigate)

Berk-i Bahri 20 (bomb frigate)

Berk-i Hafız 20 (bomb frigate)

Şihab-ı Sakıb 20 (bomb frigate)

Cedid Bomba 20 (bomb frigate)

23 small craft (kırlangıç, pergende (brigantine) and şehtiye (xebec) type ships)