Belgium in the Eurovision Song Contest

Belgium has participated in the Eurovision Song Contest 65 times since making its debut as one of seven countries at the first contest in. The only countries with more appearances are (67),  (66) and the  (66). Belgium have been absent only three times in total, in, , and , due to low scores in the previous contests that relegated them from the contest. Belgium has won the contest once, in.

In the first 20 years of the contest, Belgium's best result was a fourth place with "Un peu de poivre, un peu de sel" performed by Tonia in. In, "L'amour ça fait chanter la vie" by Jean Vallée achieved Belgium's first top three placement, when it was second. "J'aime la vie" became the first and to date only win for Belgium in 1986, performed by a 13-year-old Sandra Kim. Belgium's only other top three result came in, when "Sanomi" by Urban Trad finished second, losing out by only two points. Belgium has finished last in the contest eight times, most recently in, and has twice received nul points, in and.

After the introduction of the semi-finals in, Belgium failed to reach the final for five consecutive years (2005–09). Since 2010, Belgium has become more successful, qualifying for the final in eight out of 14 contests and placing in the top ten five times, with "Me and My Guitar" by Tom Dice (sixth in ), "Rhythm Inside" by Loïc Nottet (fourth in ), "What's the Pressure" by Laura Tesoro (tenth in ), "City Lights" by Blanche (fourth in ), and "Because of You" by Gustaph (seventh in ).

Participation
Belgium is a federal country divided into two major linguistic regions: Dutch-speaking Flanders in the north and French-speaking Wallonia in the south, each region having its own broadcaster: Vlaamse Radio- en Televisieomroep (VRT) in Flanders and Radio-télévision belge de la communauté française (RTBF) in Wallonia. Both broadcasters are full members of the European Broadcasting Union (EBU), thus eligible to participate in the Eurovision Song Contest. As only one entrant per country is allowed in the contest in any given year, they take turns in participate representing Belgium. Since 2021, Flemish VRT has been in charge on odd years while Walloon RTBF has been in charge on even years, with both broadcasters sharing the broadcasting rights.

Contest history
Belgium has participated in Eurovision since the very first contest in, however Tonia's fourth place at the contest remained the country's most notable achievement until Jean Vallée placed second in. In the 80s, following good results for Stella (fourth in ) and Jacques Zegers (fifth in ), Belgium finished last for the sixth time in. This was followed by Belgium's first and only Eurovision victory in 1986, when Sandra Kim won with her song "J'aime la vie". Although the lyrics claimed she was 15 years old, she was actually only 13 which prompted runner-up Switzerland to petition for her disqualification, to no avail. By winning in 1986, Belgium became the last of the seven Eurovision founding countries to win the contest, as Switzerland, the Netherlands, France, Luxembourg, Italy and Germany all had won at least once before. Belgium scored an absolute record at the time, with Kim earning a never-seen-before number of 176 points (that record remained until 1993, with Ireland scoring 187 points). With an average of 9.26 points per voting nation and 77.2% of the maximum possible score,, Kim's record still ranks eighth among all Eurovision winners.

Belgium finished last for the seventh time at the contest, before achieving its only top ten result of the 90s decade at the  contest, where Mélanie Cohl finished sixth. In the 2000s, Belgium experienced mixed fortunes: the country started the decade by finishing last for the eighth and final time at the  contest in Stockholm, before achieving its best result of the 21st century in 2003 when Urban Trad sang in an imaginary language and earned second place with 165 points, losing out to Turkey's Sertab Erener by just two points. The country then failed to qualify from the semi-finals for 5 consecutive contests from 2005 to 2009.

The entry for Belgium was Tom Dice, runner-up of the Belgian Flemish version of The X Factor in 2008. Dice finished first in his semi-final, allowing Belgium to participate in the final for the first time since 2004 and eventually finishing sixth overall, Belgium's best result since 2003 and the best result ever for a Flemish entrant (tied with ). Belgium then experienced a mix of ups and downs for the remainder of the 2010s: while the country failed to qualify for the final on five occasions (in 2011, 2012, 2014, 2018 and 2019), Belgium qualified in 2013 (with Roberto Bellarosa placing 12th) before scoring a three-year streak in the top ten, thanks to Loïc Nottet (fourth in ), Laura Tesoro (tenth in ) and Blanche (fourth in ). Following two non-qualifications with Sennek and Eliot, Belgium recorded three consecutive qualifications with Hooverphonic , Jérémie Makiese  and Gustaph , the latter finishing in seventh place overall.

Disparity between broadcasters
There has been a significant difference in the results achieved by the Belgian participant broadcasters. The Walloon broadcasters recorded Belgium's only win in, all of Belgium's ten top-five placements, and 18 out of Belgium's 26 top ten placements. On the other hand, the Flemish broadcasters have placed in the top ten eight times, while scoring six out of Belgium's eight last-place finishes. In the 1990s, the relegation rule was introduced, where the lowest-placing countries would not be allowed to compete the following year, to accommodate for the growing number of participating countries. Belgium was relegated three times, in, , and ; twice following a poor placing by a Flemish BRTN act the previous year, and once after Walloon RTBF act, "Envie de vivre" by Nathalie Sorce, placed last in 2000.

Since the introduction of semi-finals in 2004, the broadcasters have scored similarly in terms of qualification:, RTBF and VRT each qualified four times out of ten and nine semi-finals respectively.

Selection process
While the Flemish broadcaster normally hosts a national final, Eurosong, when selecting their entries for Eurovision, the Walloon broadcaster usually holds an internal selection process (although it sometimes holds a national final, for example in, , and , while VRT internally chose Tom Dice for the 2010 edition, Sennek for the 2018 edition and Hooverphonic for the 2020 and 2021 editions).

Commentators and spokespersons
Over the years, commentary for the contest has been provided by several experienced Belgian radio and television presenters, including Jacques Mercier, Luc Appermont, and Paule Herreman. From 1991, André Vermeulen provided the Dutch-language commentary every year except 1996. Jean-Pierre Hautier provided French-language commentary from 1994 to 2012, later dying shortly after the 2012 contest. In 1962, BRT retransmitted the commentary feed from the Dutch broadcaster NTS, possibly for financial reasons.

VRT supplied an additional commentator to join André Vermeulen starting in 1998; between 1999 and 2010, dual commentary was provided by either Bart Peeters or Anja Daems. Peeters provided the commentary during the years when VRT selected the entries, whilst Daems commentated the years in which RTBF selected the entries. Sven Pichal replaced Daems in 2011, whilst Peter Van de Veire replaced Peeters. In 2007, Jean-Louis Lahaye joined Jean-Pierre Hautier as a supplementary commentator for RTBF. After Hautier's death in 2012, Lahaye was joined by Maureen Louys in 2013.