Blowzabella

Blowzabella is an English folk band formed in London in 1978. The band currently consists of Andy Cutting, Jo Freya, Paul James, David Shepherd, Barn Stradling, and Jon Swayne; members of the band have changed multiple times since late 1982, with Jon Swayne being the only remaining original band member. It is estimated that Blowzabella musicians played between 26 and 32 instruments in total, which include bagpipes, hurdy-gurdy, diatonic button accordion, alto sax, and triangle. Their music is heavily influenced by English and European traditional folk music, and has inspired a variety of European folk bands with their unique style and sound. Many European folk artists attribute Blowzabella as a major influence in their music.

Current members
Source:
 * Andy Cutting (diatonic button accordion)
 * Jo Freya (clarinet, saxophone, vocals)
 * Paul James (bagpipes, saxophone, vocals)
 * David Shepherd (violin)
 * Barn Stradling (bass guitar)
 * Jon Swayne (bagpipes, saxophone)

History
Blowzabella was formed in Whitechapel, London in 1978 by original members Bill O'Toole, Jon Swayne, Chris Gunstone,Dave Armitage and Juan Wijngaard. When the band first formed, Swayne, O'Toole, and Armitage were studying woodwind instrument making at the London College of Furniture, while Sam Palmer (joined Blowzabella in May 1979) had recently finished the course and had already began a career making hurdy-gurdies. Sam published a definitive book on the Hurdy-Gurdy. During this time period Swayne, Armitage, and Palmer lived at the Fieldgate Mansions in Whitechapel which were the band's headquarters after Swayne finished college in Somerset. Gunstone was living in Blackheath, and was heavily involved in Balkan music and dance.

Naming the band
The band's name was taken from an 18th century English bagpipe jig "Blowzabella in 6/8 time. When the band asked what it meant Bill said there was no further information." It was not until the advent of the internet some 20 years later that the following references were found. Attributes to 'Bouncing Doxie' are wrong as the founding members knew nothing of it and it remained a mystery for many years. If Bill had known he would not have chosen the name as he was quite strict about that sort of thing as he rejected several of our risque band name suggestions. It was chosen in haste to meet a printers deadline for posters of a forthcoming concert. The name is an elaboration of a popular 16th century Italian theme. Blowzabella as a character appeared in Thomas D'Urfy's 1719 work Wit and Mirth or Pills to Purge Melancholy under the title "The Italian Song Call'd Pastorella; made into an English Dialogue", and in his earlier 1619 play The Rise and Fall of Massaniello. Bill O'Toole and Jon Swayne discovered the tune while researching for bagpipe repertoire in the Vaughan Williams Memorial Library and thought the name, with its alliterative "blow" and "bella" descriptive, perfectly summed up the band's sound.

Early years
In late 1979, Bill O'Toole formed the band Sirocco in Australia. That same year, original member Chris Gunstone formed Goat Bag Records and their first release (of his previous band), "17 Macedonian Folk Dances", rose to Number 8 in the Melody Maker Folk Album charts. He also created the Macedonian group Izvoren; Jon Swayne (Macedonian bagpipe), Dave Roberts (tanbura), and Dave Armitage (tapan drum) who also played in Blowzabella. Gunstone then formed another group, The Trio, with Paul James (bagpipes, woodwind) and Cliff Stapleton (hurdy-gurdy), which played for the grand opening of the New Covent Garden Market in early 1980. The Trio had become full-time musicians, regularly performing at Covent Garden Market and in St. Paul's Cathedral Portico. Paul James was in folk-rock band Dr. Cosgill, also represented by Goat Bag Records. Upon suggestion by Dave Armitage, Gunstone invited his Trio to join Blowzabella in late January 1981, thereby creating a unique wall of sound by performing with two bagpipes and two hurdy-gurdies. Blowzabella and Izvoren both performed at the St Chartier Hurdy-Gurdy and Bagpipe Maker's Festival in France July 1981 televised by French channel TF1. Blowzabella first recording with Bill O'Toole (bagpipe) was a live concert playing for the London French folk dance group L'Escargot 1979. The band had success playing fairs and festivals in southern England and East Anglia, where their unusual performances and unique style quickly made them popular. The band performed at the Hood and Albion Fairs, later taking their show to Switzerland's Nyon Folk Festival and the Trowbridge Village Pump Festival in 1980 and 1982, respectively. Band member Bill O'Toole created and revived an English bagpipe for his use in these and other performances, which was inspired by medieval English church artwork and carvings. O'Toole also added stilt walking to the group's performances, and all members except the hurdy-gurdy player could be seen playing above the crowds. Bill also structured the group so that each member dealt with a booking each in turn. Therefore they had five managers and the group established itself quickly. Everything was equal shares from money to organization. When Bill left no one wanted to be leader but Dave Armitage acting in effect as Chairman ran the group with their support to great effect for the next two years. They had more bookings than they could handle.

In the studio
Source: Paul James had devised a way in Spring 1982 for the band to finance their own album by foregoing four concert fees and paying the recording studio instead. Over the summer Paul caused upheaval in switching record label for the band's album and later sought to take over the group and together with Cliff (who wanted to oust Sam and be the only Hurdy-gurdy player, threatened to leave Blowzabella in late 1982 unless Chris left. Chris Gunstone, the "guiding spirit" of the band, was voted out in September 1982, becoming manager of Robert Mandel's East European Folk group (EEF) featuring Marta Sebestyen from Hungary. Gunstone kept his commitment to Plant Life Records for three months' radio appearances on BBC Radio World Service promoting Blowzabella's first hit LP and got the band several international festival appearances for the following year. Blowzabella with Paul James taking over as manager then turned their focus to folk venues to sell their albums. Nine months later Sam Palmer left the band 1983. Dave Armitage (bass-curtal) rejoined Blowzabella for a brief period along with Dave Shepherd (fiddle, five-string fiddle, viola d'amore), who had previously played in bands with Dave Roberts and Paul James.
 * 1981: Dave Armitage leaves the band in August.
 * 1982: Blowzabella records their first album, eponymously titled Blowzabella, at Dave Pegg's Woodworm Records (engineer Mark Powell) with Chris Gunstone, Dave Roberts, Sam Palmer, Cliff Stapleton, and Jon Swayne. The album is co-produced by Gunstone and James (and Swayne on his tracks A2 and B3) and reaches No. 4 in the Melody Maker Folk Album Charts in August; a breakthrough album for bagpipes other than Irish that had dominated the UK folk Charts for a decade.
 * 1983: Blowzabella records the album In Colour featuring "the Daves" (Armitage, Roberts, and Shepard), Paul James, Sam Palmer, Cliff Stapleton, and Jon Swayne. Guest performers included Max Johnson, Dave Mitchell, John Spires (of the Dead Sea Surfers) and Clash and Generation X drummer Terry Chimes. The band tours to Vancouver and Winnipeg folk festivals. Samuel Palmer leaves the band July.
 * 1984: The band records albums Tam Lin, featuring Frankie Armstrong and Brian Pearson, and Bobbityshooty with Armitage, James, Roberts, Shepherd, Stapleton, and Swayne.
 * 1985: Armitage and Stapleton leave Blowzabella. Stapleton had found the new focus on just the folk club circuit too restrictive and Armitage changed careers seeking a more stable income; Nigel Eaton (hurdy-gurdy) and Ian Luff (bass guitar, cittern, mandola, darabuka) join the band.
 * 1986: The Blowzabella Wall of Sound is recorded with Eaton, James, Luff, Roberts, Shepherd and Swayne.
 * 1987: Blowzabella records the live album Pingha Frenzy while on tour in Brazil for the British Council with Eaton, James, Luff, Roberts and Shepherd. Jo Freya (vocals, saxophone, clarinet) joins Blowzabella (credited as Jo Fraser).
 * 1988: Jon Swayne returns to the band. Gunstone writes to Plant Life Records in 1988 suggesting a 10th Anniversary album but there was no response.
 * 1989: Andy Cutting (diatonic button accordion) joins the band and appears on the album Vanilla (1990) with Eaton, Freya, James, Luff and Swayne. Nigel Eaton (hurdy-gurdy) later played on tour with Led Zeppelin from 1994–96, appearing on their live No Quarter album.

Band dissolution and reunion
In late 1990, the pressure of constant touring led to a hiatus for Blowzabella. In 1996, Dave Roberts died. The line-up of Luff, Cutting, Swayne, Eaton, and Shepherd played a small number of performances from 1995 to 2001. In 2002, James proposed the band reform, and organized performances to celebrate Blowzabella's upcoming 25th anniversary. Cutting, Eaton, Freya, James, Luff, Shepherd, and Swayne played several festivals and performed together at a 25-year reunion concert in Bath in September 2003, with guest appearances by Dave Armitage, Bill O'Toole, and Sam Palmer. Gunstone initially accepted James' 25th reunion concert invitation, but later withdrew. At the end of 2004, Eaton left the band and was replaced by Gregory Jolivet, from Bourges, France. In December 2005, Luff left Blowzabella and was replaced by Barnaby Stradling on bass guitar.

Recent changes
Since January 2006, the line-up has broadly remained the same. In July 2007, the band released the album Octomento, their first album of new material since 1990. This was followed in June 2010 by the live album Dance, an album of new and traditional material Strange News in October 2013, and Two Score in 2018. Jolivet left the band in August 2020, due to problems caused by Brexit and the COVID-19 pandemic. The band continues to compose, record, and perform live (as of 2020).

Discography
In 2009, "Fulmine" from Vanilla was included in Topic Records 70-year anniversary boxed set Three Score and Ten as track 21 on the seventh CD.