Bora–Witoto languages

Bora–Witóto (also Bora–Huitoto, Bora–Uitoto, or, ambiguously, Witotoan) is a proposal to unite the Boran and Witotoan language families of southwestern Colombia (Amazonas Department) and neighboring regions of Peru and Brazil. Kaufman (1994) added the Andoque language.

Family division

 * Boran
 * Witotoan (or Witoto–Ocaina)

Kaufman (1994) lists Bóran and Witótoan (Huitoto–Ocaina) as separate families (they are grouped together with Andoque as Bora–Witótoan; by 2007 he moved Andoque to Witotoan). (Note that Andoque was later demonstrated to be part of the Andoque–Urequena family.)

Genetic relations
Aschmann (1993) proposed Bora–Witoto as a connection between the Boran and Witotoan language families. Echeverri & Seifart (2016) refute the connection.

Kaufman (2007) includes Bora-Witoto in his Macro-Andean proposal, and added the Andoque language to the Witotoan family. (Aschmann had considered Andoque a language isolate.) These proposals have not been accepted by other linguists. Gildea and Payne (2007) checked Bora-Witoto with Andoque, Proto-Cariban and Yagua, and found Bora-Witoto to be not related to any of the others.

Mason (1950: 236–238) groups Bora–Witoto, Tupian, and Zaparoan together as part of a proposed Macro-Tupí-Guaranían family.

Vocabulary
Below is a comparison of selected basic vocabulary items in Proto-Bora-Muinane (i.e., Proto-Boran), Bora, Proto-Witotoan, Witoto, and Andoque.


 * {| class="wikitable sortable"

! gloss !! Proto-Bora-Muinane !! Bora !! Proto-Witotoan !! Witoto !! Andoque ! head ! hair ! eye ! ear ! nose ! tooth ! tongue ! mouth ! hand ! foot ! breast ! meat ! blood ! bone ! person ! name ! dog ! fish ! louse ! tree ! leaf ! flower ! water ! fire ! stone ! earth ! salt ! road ! eat ! die ! I ! you
 * *niga-ɨ || nīːkʷàɯ̀ || || ɨɸogɨ || -tai
 * *-hee- || níːkʷākō || || ɨɸotɨraɨ || ka-tai ʌka-be
 * *aʤɨ-ɨ || ācɯ̄ː || || uˑɨθɨ || -ʔákʌ
 * *nɨ-meeʔu || nɯ́mɨ̄̇ō || ?**po || heɸo || -bei
 * *tɨhɨ-ʔu || Tɨ́hɨ̄̇ò || *topo-(ʔ) || doɸo || -pɤta
 * *iʔgai || íʔkʷāhɨ̀ || ?**iiʔ-gi- || iθido || -kódi
 * *nehe || nɨ́ːhɨ̄̇ʔkʷā || ?**pe || iɨɸe || -sodɤ̃
 * *i-hɨ || īʔhʲɯ̀ || **(-)po(e) || ɸue || -ɸi
 * *ʔutʦe || ōhtsɨ̄̇ || || onoɟɨ || -dobi
 * *ttɨʔaai || mēhtíā || **(ï)ta (lower leg) || eˑɨɟɨ || -dʌka
 * *mɨppaino || || **xebae-gaï ||  || -ɲeé
 * *ʔookuu, *duu || éːkó || || ɟɨkɨθi || -ɤ̃ta
 * *tɨɨ || || **tï-xë(ʔe) || dɨe || -duʔs
 * *bakkɨ || p̻āhkɯ̄ || || iɟaikɨ || -tadɤ̃
 * *ma-mɨnaa-ppi (sg.), *ma-mɨnaa (pl.) || kʷàhp̻ì || || ɨima || ʝóʔhʌ
 * *momo || || **maime || mamekɨ || -ti
 * *ʔuuʔi || ōíp̻ʲē || **xï̄ʔko || hɨko || ĩɲõ
 * || āmōmè || || ɟɨkɨaɨ || bei
 * *gaaini-ʔu || kʷāánī || || ɨboma || táʔsi
 * *ɨmo-ʔo || ɯ̄mèè || ?**(aï)me || amena || kɤ̃́ʔɤ̃dɤ
 * *-ʔaame || ɨ́nāʔámɨ̄̇ || || rabe || -sedɤ̃
 * || ||  || θaɸia ||
 * *nɨ-ppaiu || nēhp̻ākʲō || **nō- || hɨnui || dúʔu
 * *kɨɨhɨ-gai || kɯ́ːhɯ̄kʷā || || irai || ʌʔpa
 * || néékʷājī || **goti- || noɸɨkɨ || ɸisi
 * *hiinɨ-he || ìīɲɯ̀ || *xáénï̄ʔ-xë || enɨe || ɲṍʔĩ
 * *ɨmo || || **(ï)xaidzaï(ga) || ɨaiθaɨ ||
 * || || **(na)xï̄ || naˑɨθo || dubɤ, õbɤ
 * *matʧu || || **d(o)ʔ, **gōī(ne) || guite || -baʔi-
 * *gihe-βo || ||  || baˑɨde || ĩ-hʌ́ʌ-
 * *uu || ōō || **(k)ōō-xe(ʔe) || kue || o-ʔɤ
 * *ɨɨ || || **ō-xe(ʔe) || o || ha-ʔɤ
 * }