CIVITAS (European Union)

CIVITAS is an initiative of the European Union to implement sustainable, clean and (energy) efficient urban transport measures. The initiative is co-ordinated by cities.

Etymology
CIVITAS is an acronym of CIty-VITAlity-Sustainability.

Chronology

 * CIVITAS I started in early 2002 (within the Fifth European Community Framework Programme), with 19 cities clustered in 4 demonstration projects.
 * CIVITAS II started in early 2005 (within the Sixth Framework Programme), consisting of 17 cities in 4 demonstration projects.
 * CIVITAS PLUS started in late 2008 (within the Seventh Framework Programme), with 25 cities in 5 demonstration projects.
 * CIVITAS PLUS II started in 2012, with 8 cities in 2 demonstration projects (lab projects).
 * CIVITAS 2020 started in 2016, with 17 cities in 3 demonstration projects (lab projects).