Cape Sōya

Cape Sōya (宗谷岬) is the northernmost point of the island of Hokkaidō, Japan and by extension the whole of Japan. It is situated in Wakkanai, Sōya Subprefecture. The Monument of the Northernmost Point of Japan (日本最北端の地の碑) is at the cape, although the true northernmost point under Japanese control is a small deserted island called Bentenjima, 1 km northwest. Since the cape is just 43 km away across La Perouse Strait from Cape Crillon, Sakhalin Island, it is possible to catch a glimpse of the island of Sakhalin on a clear day.

There are more than ten monuments at Cape Sōya, including the Monument of the northernmost Point of Japan, the Tower of Prayer (a memorial to Korean Air Lines Flight 007, shot down in 1983), a statue of Mamiya Rinzō, the Monument of Peace (a memorial to the sunken submarine USS Wahoo (SS-238), and others). Sōya Misaki settlement, east of the cape, has many facilities known to be "the northernmost in Japan", such as the northernmost lighthouse (Cape Sōya Lighthouse), the northernmost filling station (Idemitsu Cape Sōya SS), the northernmost elementary school (Ōmisaki Elementary School), and so on.

Etymology
Cape Soya is called notetu in the Ainu language, where not means chin or cape, and etu means nose.

The name Soya is theorised to come from so ya in Ainu, meaning "Rocky shore".

Monument of Peace
On the site of Cape Sōya stands the Monument of Peace, a memorial to the USS Wahoo (SS-238), sunk with 80 men aboard on October 11, 1943, as well as 5 Japanese merchant ships sunk with 690 people, attacked by Wahoo. The inscription on the memorial reads in part:

"When the Wahoo was lost it was the highest-scoring submarine in the U.S. Navy. Eighty Americans sleep in the Soya Strait 12 miles northeast of here. Many Japanese sleep in the Sea of Japan from Wahoo attacks.  This monument was erected by the members of the Japanese Attack Group and relatives of Americans lying in the Wahoo.  Old enemies met as brothers to ensure that our countries will have lasting peace and war will never again destroy the friendship we enjoy today."

The exact position of Wahoo was confirmed by a dive team from the Sakhalin Energy Investment Company Ltd in July 2006.

Tower of Prayer
Cape Sōya is the location of another memorial, the Tower of Prayer. The monument, which is 19.83 metres tall and constructed from granite, stands in remembrance of the 269 people that were killed during Korean Air Lines Flight 007 on 1 September 1983. In the incident, the aircraft operating the flight was shot down by a Soviet Air Forces Sukhoi Su-15 interceptor near Moneron Island, roughly 98 kilometres to the north of the cape.