Casa chorizo



A Casa Chorizo, Casa Patio, or formally a Standard House (Casa Standard) is a style of dwelling that was widely built in late 19th to early 20th century Argentina and Uruguay, predominantly in Montevideo, Buenos Aires, and Rosario.

The house is characterized by a rectangular facade with three windows and an ornamental door. It has a rectangular layout, with an indoor patio on one of its long sides. Multiple square rooms are centered around this patio, and the lack of internal hallways means one must either walk through the patio or between adjacent rooms when moving throughout the house.

History
From 1850 large immigration waves from middle-class families leaving mainly Italy and Spain moved to the Río de la Plata region and increased the population significantly. These types of houses were developed and built to make more efficient use of the space in the city. Most of the houses originated between 1880 and 1930.

The origin of these houses is based on Roman houses, Pompeyan houses, and traditional colonial urban living from Rio de la Plata. These patio houses are centered around square patios and split in 2 "L" shapes houses with each owning half the patio.

They were entirely built with stone bricks and to show the socioeconomic status of the homeowner and family, the house facade possesses Italian style ornaments on the front street facade (fachadas) including columns, capitals, emblems together with high windows and high doors as house decoration.

Dimensions and layout
The typical dimensions of these houses are based on the old city measurements that used varas. The colonial block of houses measured 150 varas and each house width was given 10 varas, that is 8.66 metres. The house length varies between 16 and 30 meters and dependent on the terrain (that could go up until half a block deep, around 50 meters), the house can have an additional back garden. Most of these houses are located with a short side to the street and a long side into the block of houses, so multiple houses could be built next to each other. But some rare houses are built with the long side to the street and provide light from the street as well as from the internal patio.

The rooms measure 4x4 meters. As the rooms all have doors and windows above the doors to the internal patio to ventilate the room spaces Also, the ceiling height that measures between 4–5 meters high helps further to accommodate the high summer heat as well the colder winter temperatures in Argentina. In addition, these livings also have floor ventilation space underneath the house. These ventilation spaces are connected through air vents seen in the facade front wall below and above the windows.

The houses are rectangularly shaped with all rooms interconnected, and the houses are entered from one of the short sides. The layout is based on a "hierarchy of rooms". The bathrooms, kitchen and dining room are furthest away from the entrance. These rooms could be connected with a small patio. The following rooms are the children's room, grandparent's room, parents' room and a parents’ activities room. From the outside, the first area is the hallway, and through a door one you can enter the patio and the main social room. The closer and more intimate visitors are to the family, the deeper they get invited into the house.

One can enter the rooms through the different doors in each room, or one can walk through the gallery in the patio, typically a part with a small roof to protect against the rain and sun.

Heritage and revival
This style of house is once again becoming fashionable due to their high-quality brick construction, good ventilation, spaciousness, and extensive history. They are mainly used as family residences and in many cases are modernized to increase livability, for example by tearing down internal walls to create an open layout, or building garages and mezzanines to better utilize the high ceilings. The roofs are often converted into terraces to provide additional outdoor spaces.

In certain neighborhoods, such as Palermo and San Telmo, these buildings are converted into commercial spaces such as medical or legal offices, retail stores, bars, and even restaurants.

However, as the value of land rises, an increasing number of owners have sold their houses to be converted into high-rise buildings. As such, there are various ongoing initiatives to protect the heritage that these standard houses represent.