Castellani (goldsmiths)

The Castellani were a family of goldsmiths, collectors, antique dealers and potters who created a business "empire" active in Rome during the 18th and 19th centuries.

History
Fortunato Pio Castellani (1794–1865) is regarded as the forefather of the family. In 1814, Fortunato opened his own workshop in Rome. The progenitor specialized in the creation of jewels emulating the ones that then came to light from the necropolis of Etruria, that were found in the excavations of Pompeii and Herculaneum or that could be observed in the Campana collection. Initiating a partnership with Duke Michelangelo Caetani, a lover of fine arts and a designer of jewels himself, allowed Fortunato Castellani to quickly work for the most illustrious aristocratic families, initially Roman and at a later date even European. Fortunato also imported luxurious goldsmith works from the rest of Europe to be resold in Rome.

Fortunato had three sons. His sons Augusto and Alessandro worked with their father and continued their activities as goldsmiths and antiquarian; his third son, Guglielmo, instead devoted himself to the art of ceramics. Fortunato Pio retired in 1850. The Castellani of the second generation devoted themselves only to the trade of jewels of their own production or to the sale of archaeological finds. The creative part was entrusted to Alessandro Castellani and Michelangelo Caetani, while Augusto was mainly interested in the financial aspects of the company. In 1859, the Castellani devoted themselves for five months to the restoration and cataloguing of the Campana Collection; they thus had the opportunity to refine their observations on the technique of granulation and filigree and to finally achieve an acceptable reproduction of them.

During the second half of the 19th century, the Castellani goldsmiths had a leading role in the European market. Alessandro, who had fled to France for political reasons in 1860, opened with great success new locations in Paris and Naples in which antiquities, mainly of Etruscan origin, were traded. Clients included Napoleon III, the Louvre Museum and the British Museum, directed by Sir Isaac Newton. It has been hypothesized that some Etruscan finds traded by the Castellani were imitations. Recent chemical analyses on some antiquarian finds sold by the Castellani to the Berlin Museum have confirmed that Alessandro Castellani sometimes also sold false finds.

When Alessandro died in 1883, his brother Augusto transformed the shop into a private museum. The trading activity continued with the nephews Alfredo and Torquato, sons of Augusto and Alessandro respectively; the first was a goldsmith, the second a ceramist. Their deaths, which occurred in the 1930s, coincided with the end of the family's trading activity.

Family members

 * Fortunato Pio Castellani (1794–1865) - the progenitor, goldsmith, antiquarian
 * Alessandro Castellani (1823–1883) - son of Fortunato, patriot in favour of Mazzini, goldsmith, antiquarian
 * Augusto Castellani (1829–1914) - son of Fortunato, goldsmith, antiquarian, collector
 * Guglielmo Castellani (1836–1896) - son of Fortunato, ceramist
 * Torquato Castellani (1846–1931) - son of Alessandro, ceramist
 * Olga Castellani (1879–1965) - daughter of Torquato, ceramist
 * Pio Fabri (1847–1927) - son-in-law of Augustus, ceramist
 * Alfredo Castellani (1856–1930) - son of Augustus, goldsmith and restorer

Castellani jewellery collection
The Castellani have preserved and donated to the Italian State the jewels they created during their centenary activity that remained in their possession. These jewels are now exhibited in the National Museum of Villa Giulia. Augustus, who had donated a large collection of rare pieces to the Capitoline Museums and the Artistic-Industrial Museum of Rome, left his collection of Greek, Italiot and Etruscan vases, bronzes, ivories, jewels and coins to his son Alfredo on his death. Alfredo, the last male descendant of the Castellani, donated almost all of the collection to the Italian State with only two exceptions: a gospel blanket in gold, sapphires, pearls and ivory, and a votive crown in gold, pearls and rubies left, by testamentary will, to St. Peter's Basilica in the Vatican City, where they are exhibited at the Basilica's Treasure Museum.

Gallery


File:Artigiani fenici, patera in argento e oro con giornata di caccia del re, 675-650 ac ca., da tomba bernardini nella necr. della colombella a palestrina.jpg|Phoenician craftsmen, patera in silver and gold with the king's hunting day, c. 675-650 BC, from Bernardini's tomb in the necr. of the colombella in palestrina File:Cartagine, pendenti a testa di corsari in paste vitree, 510-250 ac ca.jpg|Carthage, corsair-headed pendants in glass paste, 510-250 BC ca. File:Cartagine, pendenti a teste di corsari in faience, 510-250 ac ca.jpg|Carthage, faience corsair head pendants, c. 510-250 BC File:Collana in oro con bulle, 310-290 ac ca, dalla tomba degli ori nella necr. della peschiera a todi.jpg|Gold necklace with bulle, 310-290 BC, from the tomb of gold in the necr. of the fishpond in todi File:Etruria, oreficerie del periodo arcaico, VI secolo ac., 01.jpg|Etruria, goldsmiths from the Archaic period, 6th century BC, 01 File:Etruria, oreficerie del periodo arcaico, VI secolo ac., anelli 01.jpg|Etruria, goldsmiths from the Archaic period, 6th century BC, rings 01 File:Etruria, oreficerie del periodo arcaico, VI secolo ac., collana con pendagli a bulla e altro.jpg|Etruria, goldsmiths from the archaic period, 6th century BC, necklace with bulla pendants and more File:Etruria, oreficerie del periodo arcaico, VI secolo ac., collana con pendagli a pigna.jpg|Etruria, goldsmiths from the Archaic period, 6th century BC, necklace with pine cone pendants File:Etruria, oreficerie del periodo arcaico, VI secolo ac., collana in oro e faience.jpg|Etruria, goldsmiths from the archaic period, 6th century BC, gold and faience necklace File:Etruria, oreficerie del periodo arcaico, VI secolo ac., fibula a disco con gorgoneion.jpg|Etruria, goldsmiths from the Archaic period, 6th century BC, disc fibula with gorgoneion File:Etruria, oreficerie del periodo arcaico, VI secolo ac., fibula a staffa con protomi leonine 02.jpg|Etruria, goldsmiths from the Archaic period, 6th century BC, stirrup fibula with leonine protomes 02 File:Etruria, oreficerie del periodo arcaico, VI secolo ac., fibule a disco con decoro a granulazione.jpg|Etruria, goldsmiths from the Archaic period, 6th century BC, disc fibulae with granulation decoration File:Etruria, oreficerie del periodo arcaico, VI secolo ac., orecchini a bauletto 01.jpg|Etruria, goldsmiths from the archaic period, 6th century BC, box earrings 01 File:Etruria, oreficerie del periodo arcaico, VI secolo ac., orecchini a bauletto 02.jpg|Etruria, goldsmiths from the archaic period, 6th century BC, box earrings 02 File:Etruria, oreficerie del periodo arcaico, VI secolo ac., orecchini a bauletto 03.jpg|Etruria, goldsmiths from the archaic period, 6th century BC, box earrings 03 File:Etruria, oreficerie del periodo classico e tardo classico, IV-II secolo ac., collana a maglia.jpg|Etruria, goldsmiths of the classical and late classical period, 4th-2nd century BC, knitted necklace File:Etruria, oreficerie del periodo classico e tardo classico, IV-II secolo ac., collana a palmette con pendagli ad anfora, da cerveteri (terracotta dorata).jpg|Etruria, classical and late classical goldsmiths, 4th-2nd century BC, palmette necklace with amphora pendants, from cerveteri (gilded terracotta) File:Etruria, oreficerie del periodo classico e tardo classico, IV-II secolo ac., collana a piccole sfere.jpg|Etruria, goldsmiths of the classical and late classical period, 4th-2nd century BC, necklace with small spheres File:Etruria, oreficerie del periodo classico e tardo classico, IV-II secolo ac., collana con chiudura con protomi.jpg|Etruria, goldsmiths of the classical and late classical period, 4th-2nd century BC, necklace with clasp with protomes File:Etruria, oreficerie del periodo classico e tardo classico, IV-II secolo ac., collana con chiusura con pendenti a ghianda.jpg|Etruria, classical and late classical goldsmiths, 4th-2nd century BC, necklace with acorn pendant clasp File:Etruria, oreficerie del periodo classico e tardo classico, IV-II secolo ac., corona a foglie d'edera.jpg|Etruria, classical and late classical goldsmiths, 4th-2nd century BC, ivy-leaf crown File:Etruria, oreficerie del periodo classico e tardo classico, IV-II secolo ac., corona a foglie lanceolate.jpg|Etruria, goldsmiths of the classical and late classical period, 4th-2nd century BC, crown with lanceolate leaves File:Etruria, oreficerie del periodo classico e tardo classico, IV-II secolo ac., decorazioni a rosetta circolare.jpg|Etruria, goldsmiths of the classical and late classical period, 4th-2nd century BC, circular rosette decorations File:Etruria, oreficerie del periodo classico e tardo classico, IV-II secolo ac., orecchini a cornucopia, da ruvo di puglia.jpg|Etruria, oreficerie del periodo classico e tardo classico, IV-II secolo ac., orecchini a cornucopia, da ruvo di puglia File:Etruria, oreficerie del periodo classico e tardo classico, IV-II secolo ac., orecchini con protomi leonineda cerveteri.jpg|Etruria, goldsmiths of the classical and late classical period, 4th-2nd century BC, earrings with leonin protomes from cerveteri File:Etruria, oreficerie del periodo classico e tardo classico, IV-II secolo ac., pendagli.jpg|Etruria, goldsmiths of the classical and late classical period, 4th-2nd century BC, pendants File:Etruria, oreficerie del periodo classico e tardo classico, IV-II secolo ac., pettorale con brattee a stelle e mezzelune ricostruito dai castellani (dintorni di bolsena).jpg|Etruria, goldsmiths of the classical and late classical period, 4th-2nd century BC, breastplate with star and crescent-shaped bracts rebuilt by the castellans (surroundings of Bolsena) File:Etruria, oreficerie del periodo ellenistico, 310-100 ac ca., collana con vaghi in paste vitree millefiori 01.jpg|Etruria, goldsmiths from the Hellenistic period, c. 310-100 BC, necklace with vague glass pastes millefiori 01 File:Etruria, oreficerie del periodo ellenistico, 310-100 ac ca., collana con vaghi in paste vitree millefiori 03.jpg|Etruria, goldsmiths from the Hellenistic period, c. 310-100 BC, necklace with vague glass pastes millefiori 03 File:Etruria, oreficerie del periodo ellenistico, 310-100 ac ca., collana con vaghi in paste vitree millefiori 04.jpg|Etruria, goldsmiths from the Hellenistic period, c. 310-100 BC, necklace with vague glass pastes millefiori 04 File:Etruria, oreficerie del periodo ellenistico, 310-100 ac ca., collana con vaghi in paste vitree millefiori 05.jpg|Etruria, goldsmiths from the Hellenistic period, c. 310-100 BC, necklace with vague glass pastes millefiori 05 File:Etruria, oreficerie del periodo orientalizzante, VII secolo ac., collana con anellini in faience e pendagli in oro.jpg|Etruria, goldsmiths from the orientalizing period, 7th century BC, necklace with faience rings and gold pendants File:Etruria, oreficerie del periodo orientalizzante, VII secolo ac., collane di anellini con pendagli.jpg|Etruria, goldsmiths from the orientalizing period, 7th century BC, necklaces with pendants File:Etruria, oreficerie del periodo ellenistico, 310-100 ac ca., corona funebre.jpg|Etruria, goldsmiths from the Hellenistic period, c. 310-100 BC, funeral wreath File:Etruria, oreficerie del periodo ellenistico, 310-100 ac ca., testina con diadema a corona d'alloro.jpg|Etruria, Hellenistic period goldsmiths, c. 310-100 BC, head with laurel wreath diadem File:Etruria, oreficerie del periodo ellenistico, 310-100 ac ca., orecchini a scudo ovale con grappolo pendente a file di globetti 01.jpg|Etruria, goldsmiths from the Hellenistic period, c. 310-100 BC, oval shield earrings with a cluster hanging in rows of globes 01 File:Etruria, oreficerie del periodo ellenistico, 310-100 ac ca., orecchini a scudo ovale con grappolo pendente a file di globetti 02.jpg|Etruria, goldsmiths from the Hellenistic period, c. 310-100 BC, oval shield earrings with a cluster hanging in rows of globes 02 File:Etruria, oreficerie del periodo ellenistico, 310-100 ac ca., orecchini a scudo ovale con grappolo pendente a file di globetti 03.jpg|Etruria, goldsmiths from the Hellenistic period, c. 310-100 BC, oval shield earrings with a cluster hanging in rows of globes 03 File:Etruria, oreficerie del periodo ellenistico, 310-100 ac ca., orecchini con colombi.jpg|Etruria, goldsmiths from the Hellenistic period, c. 310-100 BC, earrings with doves File:Etruria, oreficerie del periodo orientalizzante, VII secolo ac., collane in oro e ambra, da cerveteri.jpg|Etruria, goldsmiths from the orientalizing period, 7th century BC, gold and amber necklaces, from cerveteri File:Etruria, oreficerie del periodo orientalizzante, VII secolo ac., fermatrecce a spirale 01.jpg|Etruria, goldsmiths of the orientalizing period, 7th century BC, spiral braid holder 01 File:Etruria, oreficerie del periodo orientalizzante, VII secolo ac., fermatrecce a spirale 02.jpg|Etruria, goldsmiths of the orientalizing period, 7th century BC, spiral braid holder 02 File:Etruria, oreficerie del periodo orientalizzante, VII secolo ac., fermatrecce con decoro a granulazione.jpg|Etruria, goldsmiths from the orientalizing period, 7th century BC, braid holder with granulation decoration File:Etruria, oreficerie del periodo orientalizzante, VII secolo ac., fibule in ambra con lamina d'oro 01.jpg|Etruria, goldsmiths from the orientalizing period, 7th century BC, amber fibulae with gold leaf 01 File:Etruria, oreficerie del periodo orientalizzante, VII secolo ac., fibule in ambra con lamina d'oro 02.jpg|Etruria, goldsmiths from the orientalizing period, 7th century BC, amber fibulae with gold leaf 02 File:Etruria, oreficerie del periodo orientalizzante, VII secolo ac., fibule in ambra con lamina d'oro 03.jpg|Etruria, goldsmiths from the orientalizing period, 7th century BC, amber fibulae with gold leaf 03 File:Etruria, oreficerie del periodo orientalizzante, VII secolo ac., fibule in ambra e metallo.jpg|Etruria, goldsmiths from the orientalizing period, 7th century BC, amber and metal fibulae File:Etruria, oreficerie del periodo orientalizzante, VII secolo ac., fibule in argento ed oro.jpg|Etruria, goldsmiths from the orientalizing period, 7th century BC, silver and gold fibulae File:Etruria, oreficerie del periodo orientalizzante, VII secolo ac., fibule in oro e ambra.jpg|Etruria, goldsmiths from the orientalizing period, 7th century BC, gold and amber fibulae File:Etruria, oreficerie del periodo orientalizzante, VII secolo ac., fibule in oro.jpg|Etruria, goldsmiths from the orientalizing period, 7th century BC, gold fibulae File:Etruria, oreficerie del periodo orientalizzante, VII secolo ac., lamelle.jpg|Etruria, goldsmiths from the orientalizing period, 7th century BC, lamellae File:Etruria, oreficerie del periodo orientalizzante, VII secolo ac., pendagli in ambra con figura femminile, dalla tomba galeassi a palestrina.jpg|Etruria, goldsmiths from the orientalizing period, 7th century BC, amber pendants with a female figure, from the galeassi tomb in palestrina File:Etruria, oreficerie del periodo orientalizzante, VII secolo ac., pendagli in ambra con scimmiette accucciate, dalla tomba galeassi a palestrina.jpg|Etruria, goldsmiths from the orientalizing period, 7th century BC, amber pendants with crouching monkeys, from the galeassi tomb in palestrina File:Etruria, oreficerie del periodo orientalizzante, VII secolo ac., pendaglio a bulla.jpg|Etruria, goldsmiths from the orientalizing period, 7th century BC, bulla pendant File:Etruria, oreficerie del periodo orientalizzante, VII secolo ac., pendaglio.jpg|Etruria, goldsmiths from the orientalizing period, 7th century BC, pendant File:Etruria, oreficerie del periodo orientalizzante, VII secolo ac., pettorale dalla tomba galeassi di palestrina, rialborato dai Castellani 02.jpg|Etruria, goldsmiths from the orientalizing period, 7th century BC, breastplate from the Galeassi tomb in Palestrina, re-worked by the Castellani 02 File:Etruria, oreficerie del periodo orientalizzante, VII secolo ac., pettorale dalla tomba galeassi di palestrina, rialborato dai Castellani 022.jpg|Etruria, goldsmiths from the orientalizing period, 7th century BC, breastplate from the Galeassi tomb in Palestrina, re-worked by the Castellani 022 File:Etruria, oreficerie del periodo orientalizzante, VII secolo ac., pettorale dalla tomba galeassi di palestrina, rialborato dai Castellani 023.jpg|Etruria, goldsmiths from the orientalizing period, 7th century BC, breastplate from the Galeassi tomb in Palestrina, re-worked by the Castellani 023 File:Età del ferro, monili piceni, medio-adriatici e dell'italia meridionale, 800-690 ac ca., catena con spirali.jpg|Iron Age, Piceni, Mid-Adriatic and Southern Italian jewellery, c. 800-690 BC, chain with spirals File:Età del ferro, monili piceni, medio-adriatici e dell'italia meridionale, 800-690 ac ca., collana 06.jpg|Iron Age, Piceni, Mid-Adriatic and Southern Italian jewellery, c. 800-690 BC, necklace 06 File:Età del ferro, monili piceni, medio-adriatici e dell'italia meridionale, 800-690 ac ca., collana con anellini e grande pendaglio d'ambra.jpg|Iron Age, Piceno, mid-Adriatic and southern Italian jewellery, c. 800-690 BC, necklace with rings and large amber pendant File:Età del ferro, monili piceni, medio-adriatici e dell'italia meridionale, 800-690 ac ca., collana con bulle.jpg|Iron Age, Piceni, Mid-Adriatic and Southern Italian jewellery, c. 800-690 BC, necklace with bulle File:Età del ferro, monili piceni, medio-adriatici e dell'italia meridionale, 800-690 ac ca., collana con grande vago in ambra.jpg|Iron Age, Piceno, mid-adriatic and southern Italian jewelry, c. 800-690 BC, necklace with large amber vague File:Età del ferro, monili piceni, medio-adriatici e dell'italia meridionale, 800-690 ac ca., collana con pendenti a punta di freccia, da norcia.jpg|Iron Age, piceni, mid-adriatic and southern Italy jewelry, c.800-690 bc, necklace with arrowhead pendants, from norcia File:Età del ferro, monili piceni, medio-adriatici e dell'italia meridionale, 800-690 ac ca., collana con spirali.jpg|Iron Age, Piceno, mid-adriatic and southern Italy jewellery, c. 800-690 BC, necklace with spirals File:Età del ferro, monili piceni, medio-adriatici e dell'italia meridionale, 800-690 ac ca., collana in vaghi di paste vitree 01.jpg|Iron Age, Piceni, Mid-Adriatic and Southern Italian jewellery, c. 800-690 BC, glass paste necklace 01 File:Età del ferro, monili piceni, medio-adriatici e dell'italia meridionale, 800-690 ac ca., collana in vaghi di paste vitree 02.jpg|Iron Age, Piceni, Mid-Adriatic and Southern Italian jewellery, c. 800-690 BC, glass paste necklace 02 File:Età del ferro, monili piceni, medio-adriatici e dell'italia meridionale, 800-690 ac ca., fibule a occhiali.jpg|Iron Age, Piceni, Mid-Adriatic and Southern Italian jewellery, c. 800-690 BC, eyeglass fibulae File:Età del ferro, monili piceni, medio-adriatici e dell'italia meridionale, 800-690 ac ca., pendaglio 01.jpg|Iron Age, Piceni, Mid-Adriatic and Southern Italian jewellery, c. 800-690 BC, pendant 01 File:Età del ferro, monili piceni, medio-adriatici e dell'italia meridionale, 800-690 ac ca., pendaglio con cavallucci, bulle e mani.jpg|Iron Age, Piceni, Mid-Adriatic and Southern Italian jewellery, c.800-690 BC, pendant with horses, bulles and hands File:Età del ferro, monili piceni, medio-adriatici e dell'italia meridionale, 800-690 ac ca., pendente 01.jpg|Iron Age, Piceni, Mid-Adriatic and Southern Italian jewellery, c. 800-690 BC, pendant 01 File:Età del ferro, monili piceni, medio-adriatici e dell'italia meridionale, 800-690 ac ca., pettorale con pendenti.jpg|Iron Age, Piceno, Mid-Adriatic and Southern Italian jewellery, c. 800-690 BC, breastplate with pendants File:Età del ferro, monili piceni, medio-adriatici e dell'italia meridionale, 800-690 ac ca., vaghi d'ambra.jpg|Iron Age, Piceni, Mid-Adriatic and Southern Italian jewellery, c. 800-690 BC, amber vague File:Gemma minoica con uomo a braccia aperte tra due figure a testa animale portanti anfore, da tarquinia, XV-XIV secolo ac.jpg|Minoan gem with man with open arms between two animal-headed figures carrying amphorae, from tarquinia, 15th-14th century BC File:Kotyle in oro con coppie di sfingi, 675-650 ac ca., da tomba bernardini nella necr. della colombella a palestrina.jpg|Kotyle in gold with pairs of sphinxes, c. 675-650 BC, from the bernardini tomb in the necr. of the colombella in palestrina File:Museo-etrusco-di-villa-giulia---ori-castellani---cameo 32476200292 o.jpg|Etruscan-museum-of-villa-giulia --- ori-castellani --- cameo 32476200292 o File:Museo-etrusco-di-villa-giulia---ori-castellani-spilla-etrusca 32627086395 o.jpg|Etruscan-museum-of-villa-giulia --- ori-castellani-etruscan-brooch 32627086395 o File:Oreficerie altomedievali, 590 dc ca., grande fibula a staffa, da rieti.jpg|Early medieval goldsmiths, approx. 590 AD, large stirrup fibula, from rieti File:Oreficerie altomedievali, goti, fibbia di cintura con almandini cloisonné su foglia d'oro, 490 dc ca. 02.jpg|Early medieval goldsmiths, Goths, belt buckle with cloisonné almandins on gold leaf, c. 490 AD. 02 File:Oreficerie altomedievali, V-VII secolo, bracciale con globuli.jpg|Early medieval jewellery, 5th-7th century, bracelet with globules File:Oreficerie altomedievali, V-VII secolo, bracciale con piccole piramidi.jpg|Early medieval jewellery, 5th-7th century, bracelet with small pyramids File:Oreficerie altomedievali, V-VII secolo, collana in vaghi di paste vitree.jpg|Early medieval jewellery, 5th-7th century, glass paste necklace File:Oreficerie altomedievali, V-VII secolo, fibbia di cintura 06.jpg|Early medieval jewellery, 5th-7th century, belt buckle 06 File:Oreficerie altomedievali, V-VII secolo, fibbia di cintura con almandini 03.jpg|Early medieval jewellery, 5th-7th century, belt buckle with almandines 03 File:Oreficerie altomedievali, V-VII secolo, fibbia di cintura con almandini a goccia, da barete (AQ) 01.jpg|Early medieval jewellery, 5th-7th century, belt buckle with drop almandines, from barete (AQ) 01 File:Oreficerie altomedievali, V-VII secolo, fibbia di cintura con almandini a goccia, da barete (AQ) 02.jpg|Early medieval jewellery, 5th-7th century, belt buckle with drop almandines, from barete (AQ) 02 File:Oreficerie altomedievali, V-VII secolo, fibbia di cinturone.jpg|Early medieval jewellery, 5th-7th century, belt buckle File:Oreficerie altomedievali, V-VII secolo, fibule a disco.jpg|Early medieval jewellery, 5th-7th century, disc fibulae File:Oreficerie altomedievali, V-VII secolo, fibule a forma di animali.jpg|Early medieval jewellery, 5th-7th century, animal-shaped fibulae File:Oreficerie altomedievali, V-VII secolo, fibule a S 01.jpg|Early medieval jewellery, 5th-7th century, S 01 fibulae File:Oreficerie altomedievali, V-VII secolo, fibule a S 02.jpg|Early medieval jewellery, 5th-7th century, S 02 fibulae File:Oreficerie altomedievali, V-VII secolo, fibule a staffa 01.jpg|Early medieval jewellery, 5th-7th century, stirrup fibulae 01 File:Oreficerie altomedievali, V-VII secolo, fibule a staffa 02.jpg|Early medieval jewellery, 5th-7th century, stirrup fibulae 02 File:Oreficerie castellani, 27 pezzi di gioielli all'antica, xix secolo (roma, villa giulia) 01,1.jpg|Castellani goldsmiths, 27 pieces of antique jewellery, 19th century (rome, villa giulia) 01,1 File:Oreficerie castellani, 27 pezzi di gioielli all'antica, xix secolo (roma, villa giulia) 01.jpg|Castellani goldsmiths, 27 pieces of antique jewellery, 19th century (rome, villa giulia) 01 File:Oreficerie castellani, 27 pezzi di gioielli all'antica, xix secolo (roma, villa giulia) 02,2.jpg|Castellani goldsmiths, 27 pieces of antique jewellery, 19th century (rome, villa giulia) 02,2 File:Oreficerie castellani, 27 pezzi di gioielli all'antica, xix secolo (roma, villa giulia) 02.jpg|Castellani goldsmiths, 27 pieces of antique jewellery, 19th century (rome, villa giulia) 02 File:Ori castellani, realizzati a imitazione dell'antico in parte inglobando materiali originari, XIX secolo, ago crinale 01.jpg|Castellani golds, made in imitation of the ancient in part by incorporating original materials, 19th century, crest needle 01 File:Ori castellani, realizzati a imitazione dell'antico in parte inglobando materiali originari, XIX secolo, bracciale con micromosaico.jpg|Castellani golds, made in imitation of the antique in part by incorporating original materials, 19th century, bracelets File:Ori castellani, realizzati a imitazione dell'antico in parte inglobando materiali originari, XIX secolo, fibula 01.jpg|Castellani golds, made in imitation of the ancient in part by incorporating original materials, 19th century, fibula 01 File:Ori castellani, realizzati a imitazione dell'antico in parte inglobando materiali originari, XIX secolo, braccialetto 01.jpg|Castellani golds, made in imitation of the ancient in part by incorporating original materials, 19th century, bracelet 01 File:Ori castellani, realizzati a imitazione dell'antico in parte inglobando materiali originari, XIX secolo, braccialetto 02.jpg|Castellani golds, made in imitation of the ancient in part by incorporating original materials, 19th century, bracelet 02 File:Ori castellani, realizzati a imitazione dell'antico in parte inglobando materiali originari, XIX secolo, collana 01.jpg|Castellani golds, made in imitation of the ancient in part by incorporating original materials, 19th century, necklace 01 File:Ori castellani, realizzati a imitazione dell'antico in parte inglobando materiali originari, XIX secolo, collana 01.jpg|Castellani golds, made in imitation of the ancient in part by incorporating original materials, 19th century, necklace 02 File:Ori castellani, realizzati a imitazione dell'antico in parte inglobando materiali originari, XIX secolo, collana 01.jpg|Castellani golds, made in imitation of the ancient in part by incorporating original materials, 19th century, necklace 03 File:Ori castellani, realizzati a imitazione dell'antico in parte inglobando materiali originari, XIX secolo, collana 01.jpg|Castellani golds, made in imitation of the ancient in part by incorporating original materials, 19th century, necklace 04 File:Ori castellani, realizzati a imitazione dell'antico in parte inglobando materiali originari, XIX secolo, collana 01.jpg|Castellani golds, made in imitation of the ancient in part by incorporating original materials, 19th century, necklace 05 File:Ori castellani, realizzati a imitazione dell'antico in parte inglobando materiali originari, XIX secolo, collana 01.jpg|Castellani golds, made in imitation of the ancient in part by incorporating original materials, 19th century, necklace 06 File:Ori castellani, realizzati a imitazione dell'antico in parte inglobando materiali originari, XIX secolo, collana 01.jpg|Castellani golds, made in imitation of the ancient in part by incorporating original materials, 19th century, necklace 07 File:Ori castellani, realizzati a imitazione dell'antico in parte inglobando materiali originari, XIX secolo, collana 01.jpg|Castellani golds, made in imitation of the ancient in part by incorporating original materials, 19th century, necklace 08 File:Ori castellani, realizzati a imitazione dell'antico in parte inglobando materiali originari, XIX secolo, croce pettorale.jpg|Castellani golds, made in imitation of the ancient in part by incorporating original materials, 19th century, pectoral cross File:Ori castellani, realizzati a imitazione dell'antico in parte inglobando materiali originari, XIX secolo, fibula con leone alato e paperelle.jpg|Castellani golds, made in imitation of the antique partly by incorporating original materials, 19th century, fibula with winged lion and ducks File:Ori castellani, realizzati a imitazione dell'antico in parte inglobando materiali originari, XIX secolo, orecchini 01.jpg|Castellani golds, made in imitation of the antique in part by incorporating original materials, 19th century, earrings 01 File:Ori castellani, realizzati a imitazione dell'antico in parte inglobando materiali originari, XIX secolo, orecchini a navicella con grappoli.jpg|Castellani golds, made in imitation of the ancient in part by incorporating original materials, 19th century, ship earrings with bunches File:Ori castellani, realizzati a imitazione dell'antico in parte inglobando materiali originari, XIX secolo, spilla 01.jpg|Castellani golds, made in imitation of the ancient in part by incorporating original materials, 19th century, brooch 01 File:Ori castellani, realizzati a imitazione dell'antico in parte inglobando materiali originari, XIX secolo, spilla 02.jpg|Castellani golds, made in imitation of the ancient in part by incorporating original materials, 19th century, brooch 02 File:Ori castellani, realizzati a imitazione dell'antico in parte inglobando materiali originari, XIX secolo, spilla 03.jpg|Castellani golds, made in imitation of the ancient in part by incorporating original materials, 19th century, brooch 03 File:Ori castellani, realizzati a imitazione dell'antico in parte inglobando materiali originari, XIX secolo, spilla 04 con medusa.jpg|Castellani golds, made in imitation of the ancient in part by incorporating original materials, 19th century, brooch 04 File:Ori castellani, realizzati a imitazione dell'antico in parte inglobando materiali originari, XIX secolo, spilla con cameo di gusto gotico.jpg|Castellani golds, made in imitation of the ancient in part by incorporating original materials, 19th century, brooch with a Gothic style cameo File:Ori castellani, realizzati a imitazione dell'antico in parte inglobando materiali originari, XIX secolo, spilla con civetta a micromosaico.jpg|Castellani golds, made in imitation of the antique partly by incorporating original materials, 19th century, brooch with micromosaic owl File:Parte di collana con vaghi in ambra e pendenti d'argento, dalla tomba castellani a palestrina, 700-675 ac ca. 01.jpg|Part of a necklace with amber beads and silver pendants, from the Castellani Tomb in Palestrina, c. 700-675 BC. 01 File:Parte di collana con vaghi in ambra e pendenti d'argento, dalla tomba castellani a palestrina, 700-675 ac ca. 02.jpg|Part of a necklace with amber beads and silver pendants, from the Castellani Tomb in Palestrina, c. 700-675 BC. 02 File:Piastra in oro con animali stilizzati, 675-650 ac ca., da tomba barberini nella necr. della colombella a palestrina.jpg|Gold plate with stylized animals, c. 675-650 BC, from the Barberini tomb in the necr. of the colombella in palestrina File:Piccolo lebete con teste di serpente e incisioni di uccelli, guerrieri e cavalieri, argento, 675-650 ac ca., da t. bernardini necr. della colombella a palestrina.jpg|Small lebete with snake heads and engravings of birds, warriors and knights, silver, c. 675-650 BC, from t. bernardini necr. of the colombella in palestrina File:Placchette tardo-micenee di diadema in vetro blu, da rodi, XIV-XIII secolo ac.jpg|Late Mycenaean blue glass diadem plaques, from Rhodes, 14th-13th century BC File:Roma, repubblica o impero, oreficerie, I secolo ac.-III dc, anelli 01.jpg|Rome, republic or empire, goldsmiths, 1st century BC-3rd AD, rings 01 File:Roma, repubblica o impero, oreficerie, I secolo ac.-III dc, anelli a serpente e con busto di osiride.jpg|Rome, republic or empire, goldsmiths, 1st century BC-3rd AD, snake rings and with a bust of osiris File:Roma, repubblica o impero, oreficerie, I secolo ac.-III dc, anelli in ferro a chiave per militari responsabili di castra.jpg|Rome, republic or empire, goldsmiths, 1st century BC-3rd AD, iron key rings for soldiers responsible for castra File:Roma, repubblica o impero, oreficerie, I secolo ac.-III dc, armilla a serpente.jpg|Rome, republic or empire, goldsmiths, 1st century BC-3rd AD, snake armilla File:Roma, repubblica o impero, oreficerie, I secolo ac.-III dc, collana.jpg|Rome, republic or empire, goldsmiths, 1st century BC-3rd AD, necklace File:Roma, repubblica o impero, oreficerie, I secolo ac.-III dc, collane in oro e pietre preziose.jpg|Rome, republic or empire, goldsmithery, 1st century BC-3rd AD, gold and precious stone necklaces File:Roma, repubblica o impero, oreficerie, I secolo ac.-III dc, orecchini con pendenti.jpg|Rome, republic or empire, jewellery, 1st century BC-3rd AD, earrings with pendants File:Roma, repubblica o impero, oreficerie, I secolo ac.-III dc, scettro con testa d'aquila 01.jpg|Rome, republic or empire, goldsmiths, 1st century BC-3rd AD, scepter with eagle's head 01 File:Roma, repubblica o impero, oreficerie, I secolo ac.-III dc, scettro con testa d'aquila 02.jpg|Rome, republic or empire, goldsmiths, 1st century BC-3rd AD, scepter with eagle's head 02 File:Roma, repubblica o impero, oreficerie, I secolo ac.-III dc, tondo in avorio con caccia calidonia.jpg|Rome, republic or empire, goldsmiths, 1st century BC-3rd AD, ivory tondo with Calydonian hunting File:Skiphos in lamina d'argento, dalla tomba castellani a palestrina, 700-675 ac ca.jpg|Skiphos in silver foil, from the castellani tomb in palestrina, c.700-675 BC 