Castle of Borba



The Castle of Borba (Castelo de Borba) is a medieval castle located in the civil parish of Borba, municipality of Borba, Portuguese district of Evora.

Early history
Archaeological evidence dates the early human occupation of Borba site back to the Gallo-Celtic tribes, occupied successively until the time of the Muslim invasion of the Iberian Peninsula.

Medieval Era
During the Christian reconquest of the peninsula, the town was taken by King Alfonso II (1211-1223) from the Moors in 1217. For its settlement and defense, the sovereign donated these domain to the Order of Aviz, encouraging the construction of the castle.

Because the region was in disputed territory with the Kingdom of Castile, under the reign of King Dinis (1279-1325), Borba definitely came into the possession of Portugal because of the signing of the Treaty of Alcanises in 1297. Due to its strategic importance, the king granted it a Foral charter in 1302, by which time he ordered the strengthening of defenses. King Manuel I (1495-1521) confirmed the town's charter.

16th century to modern era
In the Portuguese Restoration War, the town acquired strategic importance on the border As noted with other defensive structures in Portugal, the expansion of the urban area from the nineteenth century led to the integration of the medieval walls in houses. In the mid-twentieth century, the IGESPAR branch of the national government classified the castle as a site of Public Interest by Decree published on 18 July 1957.

Architecture
The castle has quadrangular shape according to its site plans. Its walls are constructed using stone masonry, topped by battlements in Gothic style. Its top is covered, in whole extension, by a battlement. The entrance gate is defended by two semi-circular plant turrets that surround a keep. On the exterior, originally, there was a moat.