Causality (book)

Causality: Models, Reasoning, and Inference (2000; updated 2009 ) is a book by Judea Pearl. It is an exposition and analysis of causality. It is considered to have been instrumental in laying the foundations of the modern debate on causal inference in several fields including statistics, computer science and epidemiology. In this book, Pearl espouses the Structural Causal Model (SCM) that uses structural equation modeling. This model is a competing viewpoint to the Rubin causal model. Some of the material from the book was reintroduced in the more general-audience targeting The Book of Why.

Reviews
"Pearl succeeds in bringing together in a general nonparametric framework the counterfactual tradition of causal analysis with the variants of structural equation modeling worth keeping. The graph theory that he uses to accomplish this fusion is often elegant. Thus, Causality is a major statement, which all who claim to know what causality is must read."

- Stephen L. Morgan (2004)

The book gave Pearl the 2001 Lakatos Award in Philosophy of Science.