Chahar People's Counter-Japanese Army

The Chahar People's Counter-Japanese Army consisted mostly of former Northwestern Army units under Feng Yuxiang, troops from Fang Zhenwu's Resisting Japan and Saving China Army, remnants of the provincial forces from Rehe, Counter-Japanese volunteers from Manchuria and local forces from Chahar and Suiyuan. Even the Japanese puppet Liu Guitang switched sides, joining the Chahar People's Counter-Japanese Army, as did the Suiyuan bandit leader Wang Ying.