Challenger Island / Little Kawau Island

Challenger Island / Little Kawau Island is an island in the Hauraki Gulf of New Zealand. It sits south of Kawau Island.

Geography
The island is located 200 m off the southern coast of Kawau Island, separated by a very narrow channel at low tide. The island is composed of eroded Jurassic-Triassic age greywacke, unlike many of the Waitemata Group islands in the surrounding area.

Biodiversity
The island is forested with kohekohe, māhoe, tawapou and pōhutukawa trees. The success of coastal plant species on the island relative to neighbouring Kawau Island has been explained by the absence of wallabies and possums. While the channel is a barrier to marsupial species crossing, this is not a barrier for rodents, which are present on the island.

Challenger Island / Little Kawau Island is a known breeding site for the grey-faced petrel.

History
Tāmaki Māori archaeological sites are found on the island, including terraces, middens and hangi pits.