Christiaan Alexander Muller

Christiaan Alexander "Lex" Muller (Alkmaar, the Netherlands, 18 April 1923 - Delden, The Netherlands, August 8, 2004) was a Dutch radio engineer, radio astronomer and professor at Leiden University and the University of Twente. As the chief engineer he pioneered Dutch radio astronomy with the radio telescopes of Kootwijk, Dwingeloo (Dwingeloo Radio Observatory), and Westerbork (Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope), where he designed the receiver system. Because of his work with Dutch astronomer Jan Oort on the determination of the spiral structure of the Milky Way using the 21 cm hydrogen radio line emission observed with the Kootwijk telescope, he was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1956, 1957, 1958, and 1961 by Swedish astronomer Bertil Lindblad and Karl Ingve Öhman.

Muller was a professor with the Astronomy department at Leiden University from 1959 to 1972 in the field of Microwave technology and its application in astronomy, physics and chemistry (Dutch: Techniek van de microgolven en hun toepassing in de sterrenkunde, natuurkunde en scheikunde), where he mentored two PhD students, Wim Brouw and Jaap van Nieuwkoop. His inaugural address of June 2, 1961 was entitled Microwave technology in astronomy (original Dutch: De microgolftechniek in de sterrenkunde). He moved to the department of Electrical engineering (Electrotechniek) at the University of Twente, where he taught Microwave technology from 1971 up to 1984.

Publications
Muller's publications include: