Chu Văn An High School, Hanoi

Chu Van An High School (Vietnamese: Trường Trung học phổ thông Quốc gia Chu Văn An), also known as Chu Van An National School or Pomelo School (trường Bưởi, before 1945) one of the three national high schools for the gifted in Vietnam along with Quoc Hoc High School in Huế and Le Hong Phong High School in Ho Chi Minh City. It is also one of the four magnet high schools in Hanoi, Vietnam, along with Hanoi-Amsterdam High School, Son Tay High School and Nguyen Hue High School. Established by the French authorities in 1908 as College of the Protectorate (French: Collège du Protectorat), Chu Van An is one of the oldest institutions for secondary education in Southeast Asia. Despite initially intending to train native civil servants to serve the French colonial establishments, Vietnamese students at Bưởi school often struggled against colonial doctrine. A lot of Bưởi alumni became renowned political leaders and cultural figures in many areas of Vietnamese society such as Nguyễn Văn Cừ - the fourth general secretary of Communist Party of Vietnam, Phạm Văn Đồng - the first prime minister of North Vietnam and united Vietnam, Nguyễn Cao Kỳ- former vice president and prime minister of South Vietnam, Kaysone Phomvihane- former leader of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party, Prince Souphanouvong- the first president of Laos.

In 1945, Lycée du Protectorat was renamed to Chu Van An High School.

History
On 12 December 1908, the Governor-General of Indochina Antony Wladislas Klobukowski made the decision to establish Collège du Protectorat (College of the Protectorate, similar to the secondary school) based on the merger of the Thông ngôn Bờ sông school, the Jules Ferry Nam Dinh secondary school and the pedagogy class (Cours normal) on Pottier street. In 1931, the school was upgraded to a lycée (similar to the high school) - Lycée du Protectorat (The school of Protectorate). Since the school was built on the land of Thuy Khuê village, Kẻ Bưởi, people often called it Bưởi School.

By 1943, the school had to move to the Phúc Nhạc monastery in Ninh Bình. In 1945, they returned to Hà Nội. After Japan overthrew France, on 12 June 1945, the northern king's special envoy Phan Kế Toại decided to change the school's name to Chu Van An - named after the most well-respected teacher in Vietnamese history Chu Văn An, and appointed professor Nguyễn Gia Tường to the principal position. Tường was the first Vietnamese principal of the Bưởi - Chu Văn An High School.

From 1970 to 1993, the school used to share facilities with Ba Dinh High School, when a school would teach in the morning, while the other would teach in the afternoon. Two have merged since January 1993.

On 17 February 1995, along with Quoc Hoc High School in Hue and Le Hong Phong High School in Ho Chi Minh City, Chu Van An High School has been planned and constructed by Prime Minister Võ Văn Kiệt to become one of three national high schools in Vietnam.

On 6 November 2004, Chu Van An High School was certified as a national historical relic.

Since 2019, Chu Van An High School has been the first school in Hanoi and Vietnam to be a member of the Cambridge Assessment International Education (CAIE) organization, making it eligible to train students under the dual degree programme (Vietnamese National Diploma & Cambridge International A-Level).

Admission
As one of the four high schools for gifted students in Hanoi (together with Hanoi - Amsterdam High School, Son Tay High School and Nguyen Hue High School for the Gifted), Chu Van An High School is highly selective in its admission process. Every year, the school receives over 3000 applications from Hanoi and other Northern Vietnamese provinces to Thanh Hoa, out of which only 500 to 600 would be admitted. For the 2023-2024 school year, the overall admission rate into specialized classes of Chu Van An High School is about 10.9%. Applicants are required to take an entrance exam conducted by the Hanoi Department of Education and Training. This examination usually takes place around mid-June with three subjects - Mathematics, Literature and English, and one additional subject for students who want to be admitted in specialized classes.

Applicants who prefer to be trained under the dual degree programme, along with taking the entrance exam will also have to take other exams in English such as Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry and English (Writing & Speaking skills) to be admitted in dual degree classes.

Class system
Until the academic year of 2007/2008, Chu Van An High School had over 2.000 students from Grade 10 to Grade 12. In the same academic year, Chu Van An High School became the first school in Hanoi to have a Japanese language class, with the help of the Ministry of Education and Training and the Embassy of Japan in Vietnam.

The class system of Chu Van An High School includes 16 specialised classes: Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry, Japanese, French, IT, Biology 1, Biology 2, Literature 1, Literature 2, History 1, History 2, Geography 1, Geography 2, English 1 and English 2; two dual degree classes (I1, I2); two French bilingual classes which are sponsored and trained by staffs from the Association of Francophone Universities; and five normal classes divided into two groups which represent for the Vietnamese college entrance exam blocks: Group A (A1, A2, A3) and Group D (D1, D2).

In 2023, Principal Nguyen Thi Nhiep proposed to the Hanoi Department of Education and Training to turn Chu Van An High School into a high school only for the gifteds.

Facilities
Chu Van An High School currently has 1 campus, which lies next to West Lake between Nguyễn Đình Thi Road and Thụy Khuê Street.

Academic facilities

 * Six academic houses (A, C, E, F, T and S).
 * Thăng Long Hall.

Athletic facilities

 * Three mini (5v5-7v7) association football fields.
 * Two outdoor basketball courts.
 * A tennis court.
 * A gymnastics hall.

Miscellaneous

 * The Octagon House (currently a library).
 * The traditional house.
 * A dormitory with a dining area.
 * Storage house.
 * Two statues of Chu Văn An and Đặng Thùy Trâm.
 * The teachers' office.

Honours
From teaching and training achievements throughout the school's existence, the Government of Vietnam has awarded the school with:
 * Labor Order 3rd class: 1964
 * Labor Order 2nd class: 1992
 * Order of Independence 1st class: 1998
 * Hero of Labor: 2013

Notable alumni and teachers

 * Teachers
 * Hoàng Xuân Hãn, Minister - Ministry of Education under the regime of Trần Trọng Kim
 * Nguyễn Văn Huyên, Minister - Ministry of Education, North Vietnam for 29 years
 * Võ Nguyên Giáp, Minister - Minister of Defence (Vietnam) & Deputy Prime Minister of Vietnam
 * Tô Ngọc Vân


 * Alumni
 * Politics and military
 * Lê Hồng Phong, the second general secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam
 * Nguyễn Văn Cừ, the fourth general secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam
 * Phạm Văn Đồng, the first prime minister of North Vietnam and united Vietnam
 * Trịnh Đình Cửu, general secretary of the former Communist Party of Vietnam
 * Nguyễn Cao Kỳ, former vice president and prime minister of South Vietnam
 * Ngô Gia Tự, (Class of 1922), general secretary of Communist Party of Vietnam in South Vietnam
 * Dương Đức Hiền, the first general secretary of Democratic Party of Vietnam
 * Kaysone Phomvihane, former leader of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party
 * Prince Souphanouvong, the first president of Laos
 * Lê Trọng Tấn, Army General and Chief of General Staff of Vietnamese Army
 * Nguyễn Tường Tam (Nhất Linh), Novelist, Minister - Ministry of Foreign Affairs
 * Nguyễn Cơ Thạch, Minister- Ministry of Foreign Affairs
 * Nguyễn Chí Dũng, Minister- Ministry of Planning & Investment (Vietnam)
 * Phan Anh, Lawyer, Minister - Ministry of Defence
 * Vương Văn Bắc, Minister - Ministry of Foreign Affairs, South Vietnam
 * Nguyễn Khoa Điềm, Minister - Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism
 * Nguyễn Phương Nga, Deputy Minister - Ministry of Foreign Affairs
 * Đặng Vũ Hiệp (Class of 1941), Deputy Minister - Ministry of Defence


 * Science & Education
 * Tôn Thất Tùng, Anatomist, Deputy Minister - Ministry of Health, Director of Vietnam – Germany Hospital or Bệnh viện Việt Đức
 * Tạ Quang Bửu (Class of 1926), Mathematician, Minister - Ministry of Education
 * Lê Văn Thiêm (Class of 1936), Mathematician, Director - Institute of Mathematical Science
 * Nguỵ Như Kon Tum, Physician, First Principal of Vietnam National University
 * Van H. Vu – Mathematician
 * Nguyễn Văn Chiển (Class of 1934), geologist, author of (Atlas) Vietnam.
 * Nguyễn Đình Ngọc, Secret Intelligence Officer, Vice President -The Radio and Electronics Association of Vietnam (EAV)
 * Dương Trung Quốc, Historian, General Secretary - Historical Science Association of Vietnam, Congressman
 * Trần Đức Thảo, Philosopher
 * Lê Văn Lan, Historian, Founder and President of Institute of Historical Studies
 * Nguyễn Khắc Viện (Class of 1932)


 * Culture
 * Nguyễn Đình Thi (Class of 1941), Poet, General Secretary - Vietnam Writers' Association
 * Ngô Xuân Diệu, Poet
 * Bùi Văn Bảo (Class of 1940), Poet
 * Hồ Trọng Hiếu (Tú Mỡ) (Class of 1915), Poet
 * Nguyễn Công Hoan (Class of 1920), Novelist.
 * Nam Trân (Class of 1924), Poet
 * Vũ Khắc Khoan, Novelist
 * Nguyễn Hiến Lê (Class of 1926)
 * Dương Bích Liên, Painter - Member of the Sáng - Nghiêm - Liên - Phái
 * Tô Ngọc Vân, Painter - Member of the Trí – Vân – Lân – Cẩn
 * Vũ Đình Liên (Class of 1930), Poet
 * Vương Trí Nhàn (Class of 1958), Literary Critics
 * Võ An Ninh, Photographer
 * Hoàng Ngọc Phách (Class of 1914), Novelist
 * Nguyễn Tường Tam (Nhất Linh), Novelist, Minister - Ministry of Foreign Affairs
 * Trần Tiến, Actor, People's Artist Award
 * Thanh Tùng, Musician