Cistern of Mocius

The Cistern of Mocius, known in Turkish as Altımermer Çukurbostanı ("sunken garden of Altımermer"), was the largest Byzantine open-sky water reservoir built in the city of Constantinople.

Location
The cistern is located in Istanbul, in the district of Fatih (the walled city), in the quarter of Altımermer and the mahalle of Seyyid Ömer, to the northeast of the Seyyid Ömer Mosque, between Ziya Gökalp Sokak to the north and Cevdet Paşa Caddesi to the south. It lies on the highest part of the seventh hill of Istanbul, and overlooks the Marmara Sea.

History
According to the Patria of Constantinople, the construction of this cistern, which lay in the twelfth region of Constantinople, occurred under Emperor Anastasius I (r. 491–518). The name came from the important church dedicated to Saint Mocius, which was located near the southwest corner of the reservoir. The cistern, which lay just outside the Wall of Constantine, which formed the city's original landward boundary, was built to supply water to the new quarters erected between the former and the 5th-century Theodosian Walls. Writing after the Ottoman conquest of 1453, the 16th-century French traveler Pierre Gilles observed that around 1540 the reservoir was empty. In the Ottoman period, as its Turkish name Çukurbostan ("hollow garden") betrays, the structure was used as vegetable garden, usage which remained until the end of the 20th century. As of 2014 the area is used as "Educational Park" (Fındıkzade Eğitim parkı) of the Fatih district.

Description
The cistern has a rectangular plan with sides 170 m long and 147 m wide, and covers an area of 25000 m2: this makes of it the largest cistern ever built in Constantinople. Its average depth is unknown, since the reservoir is partly filled with earth, but it should range from 10.50 m to about 15 m, of which 2-4 m are still visible. The reservoir could contain about 0.260-0.370 e6m3 of water. Its walls, 6.00 m thick and partially still in place, were built using the Roman construction technique opus listatum, by alternating courses of bricks and of stone, an elegant pattern similar to that also used by the similar cisterns of Aetius and of Aspar.