Claoxylon

Claoxylon is a flowering plant genus in the spurge family, Euphorbiaceae, comprising dioecious subshrubs to small trees. It was first described as a genus in 1824. The genus is distributed in paleotropical areas: Madagascar through South and Southeast Asia, Malesia to Melanesia, Hawaii, and Australia. Half of the species are in Malesia. According to a molecular phylogenetic study by Wurdack, Hoffmann & Chase (2005), Claoxylon is sister to Erythrococca (50 species, Africa), and together they form the top of a Hennigian comb-like phylogeny.

The genus Claoxylon is usually easily recognizable because the dried leaves in herbariums of most species are rough (few are smooth).

• # Claoxylon abbreviatum - Java, Bali, Lombok, Timor, Flores, Sulawesi
 * Species

• # Claoxylon affine - Java, Bali, Lombok, Timor, Flores

• # Claoxylon albicans - Philippines

• # Claoxylon albiflorum - Bismarck Archipelago

• # Claoxylon angustifolium - Queensland

• # Claoxylon anomalum - Western Ghats of SW India

• # Claoxylon arboreum - Philippines

• # Claoxylon attenuatum - Sabah

• # Claoxylon australe - Queensland, New South Wales

• # Claoxylon bicarpellatum - Papua New Guinea

• # Claoxylon biciliatum - Vanuatu

• # Claoxylon brachyandrum - Philippines, Sabah, Sulawesi

• # Claoxylon capillipes - Papua New Guinea, Flores

• # Claoxylon carinatum - Kalimantan Timur

• # Claoxylon carolinianum - Caroline Islands

• # Claoxylon carrii - Papua New Guinea

• # Claoxylon centenarium - Ogasawara-shoto (Bonin Islands)

• # Claoxylon colfsii - Sumbawa

• # Claoxylon collenettei - Rapa-Iti

• # Claoxylon coriaceolanatum - Papua New Guinea

• # Claoxylon crassipes - Philippines

• # Claoxylon crassivenium - Philippines

• # Claoxylon cuneatum - Western New Guinea

• # Claoxylon decaryanum - Madagascar

• # Claoxylon dolichostachyum - Réunion

• # Claoxylon echinospermum - Fiji

• # Claoxylon ellipticum - Philippines

• # Claoxylon erythrophyllum - E Indonesia

• # Claoxylon euphorbioides - Philippines

• # Claoxylon extenuatum - Bougainville

• # Claoxylon fallax - Fiji, Tonga

• # Claoxylon flavum - Madagascar

• # Claoxylon fulvescens - Papua New Guinea, Sulawesi

• # Claoxylon gillisonii - Vanuatu

• # Claoxylon glabrifolium - Java, Bali, Lombok, Timor, Flores

• # Claoxylon glandulosum - Réunion

• # Claoxylon goodenoviense - D'Entrecasteaux Islands

• # †Claoxylon grandifolium - Mauritius, Réunion but extinct

• # Claoxylon gymnadenum - Bougainville

• # Claoxylon hainanense - Hainan

• # Claoxylon hillii - New Guinea, N Australia

• # Claoxylon hirsutellum - Kalimantan Timur

• # Claoxylon hosei - Sarawak

• # Claoxylon humbertii - Madagascar

• # Claoxylon indicum - S China, SE Asia, New Guinea, Andaman & Nicobar Islands, Christmas Island

• # Claoxylon insigne - Sarawak

• # Claoxylon insulanum - New Caledonia, Loyalty Islands

• # Claoxylon kaievskii - Solomon Islands, Santa Cruz Islands

• # Claoxylon khasianum - West Bengal, Bangladesh, Assam

• # Claoxylon kinabaluense - Sabah

• # Claoxylon kingii - S Thailand, Perak

• # Claoxylon kotoense - Taiwan

• # Claoxylon lambiricum - Sarawak

• # Claoxylon ledermannii - Papua New Guinea

• # Claoxylon linostachys - Mauritius

• # Claoxylon longifolium - Assam, SE Asia, New Guinea, Caroline Islands

• # Claoxylon longipetiolatum - Sikkim, Bhutan, Assam, Myanmar

• # Claoxylon longiracemosum - Palau

• # Claoxylon lutescens - New Guinea

• # Claoxylon macranthum - Mauritius, Madagascar

• # Claoxylon mananarense - Madagascar

• # Claoxylon marianum - Mariana Islands

• # Claoxylon medullosum - Madagascar

• # Claoxylon microcarpum - Papua New Guinea

• # Claoxylon monoicum - Madagascar

• # Claoxylon muscisilvae - Papua New Guinea

• # Claoxylon neoebudicum - Vanuatu, Santa Cruz Islands, Fiji

• # Claoxylon nervosum - Papua New Guinea

• # Claoxylon nigtanig - Bougainville

• # Claoxylon nubicola - Papua New Guinea

• # Claoxylon oblanceolatum - Philippines

• # Claoxylon oliganthum - Thailand

• # Claoxylon ooumuense - Nuku Hiva

• # Claoxylon papuae - Papua New Guinea

• # Claoxylon parviflorum - Réunion, Rodrigues Island

• # Claoxylon paucinerve - Papua New Guinea

• # Claoxylon perrieri - Madagascar

• # Claoxylon physocarpum - Sumatra

• # Claoxylon platyphyllum - Papua New Guinea

• # Claoxylon porphyrostemon - Papua New Guinea

• # Claoxylon praetermissum - Sabah

• # Claoxylon pseudoinsulanum - Kalimantan Timur

• # Claoxylon psilogyne - Vanuatu

• # Claoxylon pubescens - Philippines

• # Claoxylon purpureum - Philippines, Sulawesi

• # Claoxylon putii - Thailand

• # Claoxylon racemiflorum - Réunion

• # Claoxylon raymondianum - Madagascar

• # Claoxylon rostratum - Andaman & Nicobar Islands, Myanmar

• # Claoxylon rubescens - Lombok, Philippines

• # Claoxylon rubrivenium - Luzon

• # Claoxylon salicinum - Sabah

• # Claoxylon salomonense - Papua New Guinea, D'Entrecasteaux Islands, Louisiade Archipelago, Solomon Islands

• # Claoxylon samoense - Samoa

• # Claoxylon sanctae-crucis - Santa Cruz Islands

• # Claoxylon sandwicense - Hawaii

• # Claoxylon sarasinorum - Sulawesi

• # Claoxylon scabratum - New Guinea

• # Claoxylon setosum - Réunion

• # Claoxylon spathulatum - Philippines

• # Claoxylon stapfianum - Sarawak, Sabah

• # Claoxylon subbullatum - Sabah

• # Claoxylon subsessiliflorum - Vietnam, Yunnan

• # Claoxylon subviride - Philippines

• # Claoxylon taitense - Society Islands

• # Claoxylon tenerifolium - Queensland

• # Claoxylon tenuiflorum - Aceh

• # Claoxylon tetracoccum - West New Guinea

• # Claoxylon tsaratananae - Madagascar

• # Claoxylon velutinum - Kalimantan Timur

• # Claoxylon vitiense - Fiji

• # Claoxylon wallichianum - Peninsular Malaysia

• # Claoxylon warburgianum - Sulawesi

• # Claoxylon winkleri - Kalimantan Selatan

moved to other genera (Acalypha, Croton, Discoclaoxylon, Erythrococca, Lobanilia, Macaranga, Mallotus, Micrococca, Orfilea) • # C. africanum - Erythrococca africana
 * Formerly included

• # C. angolense - Erythrococca angolense

• # C. atrovirens - Erythrococca atrovirens

• # C. bakerianum - Lobanilia bakeriana

• # C. barteri - Erythrococca africana

• # C. beddomei - Micrococca beddomei

• # C. capense - Micrococca capensis

• # C. chevalieri - Erythrococca chevalieri

• # C. columnare - Erythrococca columnaris

• # C. cordifolium - Mallotus oppositifolius

• # C. deflersii - Erythrococca abyssinica

• # C. dewevrei - Erythrococca dewevrei

• # C. digynum - Macaranga digyna

• # C. flaccidum - Erythrococca atrovirens

• # C. hexandrum - Discoclaoxylon hexandrum

• # C. hirsutum - Micrococca wightii var. hirsuta

• # C. hirtellum - Lobanilia hirtella

• # C. hispidum - Erythrococca hispida

• # C. holstii - Micrococca holstii

• # C. humblotianum - Micrococca humblotiana

• # C. inaequilaterum - Erythrococca atrovirens

• # C. kirkii - Erythrococca kirkii

• # C. lancifolium - Micrococca lancifolia

• # C. lasiococcum - Erythrococca trichogyne

• # C. leucocarpum - Mallotus leucocarpus

• # C. longifolium Baill. 1858, illegitimate homonym, not (Blume) Endl. ex Hassk. 1844 - Micrococca oligandra

• # C. luteobrunneum - Lobanilia luteobrunnea

• # C. macrophyllum Prain 1911, illegitimate homonym, not Hassk. 1848 - Erythrococca macrophylla

• # C. mannii - Erythrococca mannii

• # C. membranaceum - Erythrococca membranacea

• # C. menyharthii - Erythrococca menyharthii

• # C. mercurialis - Micrococca mercurialis

• # C. mildbraedii - Erythrococca trichogyne

• # C. molleri - Erythrococca molleri

• # C. muricatum - Mallotus resinosus

• # C. neraudianum - Orfilea neraudiana

• # C. occidentale - Discoclaoxylon occidentale

• # C. oleraceum - Erythrococca atrovirens

• # C. oligandrum - Micrococca oligandra

• # C. ovale - Lobanilia ovalis

• # C. patulum - Erythrococca patula

• # C. pauciflorum Müll.Arg. 1864 not Stapf 1894 - Erythrococca pauciflora

• # C. pedicellare Müll.Arg. 1864 not Pax & K.Hoffm. 1914 - Discoclaoxylon pedicellare

• # C. poggei - Erythrococca poggei

• # C. polyandrum - Erythrococca polyandra

• # C. preussii - Discoclaoxylon hexandrum

• # C. purpurascens - Erythrococca molleri

• # C. reticulatum - Acalypha filiformis

• # C. rivulare - Erythrococca rivularis

• # C. schweinfurthii - Erythrococca atrovirens

• # C. sphaerocarpum - Croton sylvaticus

• # C. spiciflorum - Acalypha spiciflora

• # C. stipulosum - Mallotus dispar

• # C. trichogyne - Erythrococca trichogyne

• # C. triste - Erythrococca tristis

• # C. virens - Erythrococca menyharthii

• # C. volkensii - Micrococca volkensii

• # C. welwitschianum - Erythrococca welwitschiana

• # C. wightii - Micrococca wightii