Clavus (gastropod)

Clavus is a genus of small sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Drilliidae.

Description
Apart from the general characteristics of the genera in the family Drilliidae, the species in the genus Clavus have a shell with peripheral tubercles, spines or wing-like processes. The aperture is rather large. The outer lip is produced below the sinus.

The shell of Clavus is characterised by the following features:— Flat indefinite fasciole, indicated only by the curve of growth lines. A smooth subulate protoconch. An insinuation of the outer lip, near the base, like that of Strombus. A major sculpture of prominent arched scales on the shoulder, and a minor sculpture of dense, microscopic, waved, spiral striae.

Most species in this genus have a dorsal varix. But this is absent in a few species such as Clavus beckii, Clavus humilis and Clavus pica.

G.W. Tryon correctly preserved the genus for smooth specimens with a short body whorl, long spire, nodulous shoulder, no spiral sculpture, a wide, deep anal sulcus adjacent to the suture and, in the completely adult, a marked subsutural callus on the body.

Distribution
The species in this genus occur in the Red Sea, In the Indian Ocean off Mozambique; also off Indonesia, New Caledonia, Papua New Guinea, the Philippines, Solomon Islands, Japan and Australia (New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, Western Australia).

Species
According to the World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) the following species with valid names are included within the genus Clavus :


 * Clavus aenigmaticus Wells, 1991
 * Clavus aglaia (Dall, 1918)
 * Clavus alboroseus Horro, Gori, Rosado & Rolán, 2021
 * Clavus albotuberculatus (Schepman, 1889)
 * Clavus andreolbrichi Fedosov & Puillandre, 2020
 * Clavus androyensis (Bozzetti, 2007)
 * Clavus angulatus Stahlschmidt, Poppe & Tagaro, 2018
 * Clavus basipunctatus (Kilburn, 1988)
 * Clavus beckii (Reeve, 1842)
 * Clavus berenice (Dall, 1918) (synonym: Clavus spinosa Smith, E.A., 1882 )
 * Clavus biancae (Bozzetti, 2008)
 * Clavus bilineatus (Reeve, 1845)
 * Clavus boucheti Kilburn, Fedosov & Kantor, 2014
 * Clavus brianmayi Fedosov & Puillandre, 2020
 * Clavus burnupi (G. B. Sowerby III, 1897)
 * Clavus cadenasi (Clench & Aguayo, 1939)
 * Clavus canalicularis (Röding, 1798)
 * Clavus candens (Smith E. A., 1879)
 * Clavus cantharis (Reeve, 1845)
 * Clavus clara (Reeve, 1845)
 * Clavus clavata (Sowerby II, 1870)
 * Clavus cloveri ( Poppe, Tagaro & Goto, 2018)
 * Clavus coffea (Smith E. A., 1882)
 * Clavus cygneus (Melvill & Standen, 1897)
 * Clavus davidgilmouri Fedosov & Puillandre, 2020
 * Clavus delphineae Kilburn, Fedosov & Kantor, 2014
 * Clavus devexistriatus Kilburn, Fedosov & Kantor, 2014
 * Clavus dolichurus Stahlschmidt, Poppe & Tagaro, 2018
 * Clavus dubrucqueae T. Cossignani, 2021
 * Clavus ebur (Reeve, 1845)
 * Clavus exasperatus (Reeve, 1843)
 * Clavus exilis (Pease, 1868)
 * Clavus falcicosta (Barnard, 1958)
 * Clavus flammulatus Montfort, 1810
 * Clavus formosus (Reeve, 1846)
 * Clavus fulvus (Hinds, 1843)
 * Clavus fusconitens (Sowerby III, 1901)
 * Clavus glaucozona Kilburn & Dekker, 2008
 * Clavus groschi Kilburn, 1988
 * Clavus herberti (Kilburn, 1988)
 * Clavus heryi (Bozzetti, 2007)
 * Clavus hewittae Wells, 1991
 * Clavus hottentotus (E. A. Smith, 1882)
 * Clavus humilis (E. A. Smith, 1879)
 * Clavus hylikos Kilburn, Fedosov & Kantor, 2014
 * Clavus idae (Poppe, Tagaro & Goto, 2018)
 * Clavus infrafusca (G.B. Sowerby III, 1893)
 * Clavus infuscatus Kilburn & Dekker, 2008
 * Clavus isibopho (Kilburn, 1988)
 * Clavus isowai Poppe, Tagaro & Goto, 2018
 * Clavus japonicus (Lischke, 1869)
 * Clavus johnsoni (Bartsch, 1934)
 * Clavus juani Horro, Gori, Rosado & Rolán, 2021
 * Clavus kirkhammetti Fedosov & Puillandre, 2020
 * Clavus laetus (Hinds, 1843)
 * Clavus lamberti (Montrouzier, 1860)
 * Clavus maestratii Kilburn, Fedosov & Kantor, 2014
 * Clavus malva (Morassi, 1998)
 * Clavus minutissimus Stahlschmidt, Poppe & Tagaro, 2018
 * Clavus moquinianus (Montrouzier, 1874)
 * Clavus nodifera (Pease, 1860)
 * Clavus nodulosa (Pease, 1863)
 * Clavus obliquatus (Reeve, 1845)
 * Clavus obliquicostatus (Reeve, 1845)
 * Clavus occiduus Wells, 1991
 * Clavus papilio (Kilburn, 1988)
 * Clavus paroeca (Melvill, 1923)
 * Clavus particolor Stahlschmidt, Poppe & Tagaro, 2018
 * Clavus peristera Melvill, 1927
 * Clavus pica (Reeve, 1843)
 * Clavus picoides Kilburn, Fedosov & Kantor, 2014
 * Clavus powelli Kay, 1979
 * Clavus protentus Hervier, 1896
 * Clavus pulicarius Wells, 1991
 * Clavus pusilla (Garrett, 1873)
 * Clavus putillus (Reeve, 1845)
 * Clavus quadratus (Kilburn, 1988)
 * Clavus rissoiniformis Kay, 1979
 * Clavus roseofuscus (Bozzetti, 2007)
 * Clavus rugizonatus Hervier, 1896
 * Clavus sacra (Reeve, L.A., 1845)
 * Clavus similis Stahlschmidt, Poppe & Tagaro, 2018
 * Clavus squamiferus Kilburn, Fedosov & Kantor, 2014
 * Clavus subobliquatus (E. A. Smith, 1879)
 * Clavus subtilifasciatus Horro, Gori, Rosado & Rolán, 2021
 * Clavus suduirauti Bozzetti, 1997
 * Clavus sulekile (Kilburn, 1988)
 * Clavus triantoniorum Horro, Gori, Rosado & Rolán, 2021
 * Clavus unizonalis (Lamarck, 1822)
 * Clavus velcolorum Horro, Gori, Rosado & Rolán, 2021
 * Clavus vibicinus (Helbling, 1779)
 * Clavus virginieae Kilburn, Fedosov & Kantor, 2014
 * Clavus wilmeri (Smith E. A., 1879)


 * Species brought into synonymy:
 * Clavus abdera (Dall, 1919) : synonym of Crassispira abdera (Dall, 1919)
 * Clavus aeneus (Hedley, 1922) : synonym of Antiguraleus aeneus (Hedley, 1922)
 * Clavus alabaster (Reeve, 1843) : synonym of Inquisitor alabaster (Reeve, 1843)
 * Clavus auriculifera Lamarck, J.B.P.A. de, 1816 : synonym of Clavus canalicularis (Röding, 1798)
 * Clavus candidulus Hedley, 1922 : synonym of Splendrillia candidulus (Hedley, 1922)
 * Clavus costatus Hedley, 1922 : synonym of Graciliclava costata (Hedley, 1922)
 * Clavus crassa (E.A. Smith, 1888) : synonym of Clavus aglaia (Dall, 1918)
 * Clavus enna (Dall, 1918) : synonym of Drillia enna (Dall, 1918)
 * Clavus filicinctus (E. A. Smith, 1882) : synonym of Horaiclavus filicinctus (E. A. Smith, 1882)
 * Clavus flavidulus (Lamarck, 1822) : synonym of Clathrodrillia flavidula (Lamarck, 1822)
 * Clavus flexus Shuto, 1983 : synonym of Plagiostropha flexus (Shuto, 1983)
 * Clavus gibberulus Hervier, 1896 : synonym of Drillia gibberulus (Hervier, 1896)
 * Clavus inclinata (Sowerby III, 1893) : synonym of Iredalea inclinata (Sowerby III, 1893)
 * Clavus lacertosus (Hedley, 1922) : synonym of Bathytoma lacertosus Hedley, 1922
 * Clavus leforestieri Hervier, 1896 : synonym of Clavus obliquicostatus (Reeve, 1845)
 * Clavus maravignae (Bivona Ant. in Bivona And., 1838) : synonym of Crassopleura maravignae (Bivona Ant. in Bivona And., 1838)
 * Clavus mighelsi Kay, 1979 : synonym of Pyrgocythara mighelsi (Kay, 1979)
 * Clavus mighelsi of authors: synonym of Clavus humilis (E. A. Smith, 1879)
 * Clavus opalus (Reeve, 1845) : synonym of Plagiostropha opalus (Reeve, 1845)
 * Clavus pseudoprincipalis (Yokoyama, 1920) : synonym of Inquisitor pseudoprincipalis (Yokoyama, 1920)
 * Clavus pulchellus (Reeve, 1845) : synonym of Fenimorea halidorema Schwengel, 1940
 * Clavus quintuplex (Melvill, 1927) : synonym of Plagiostropha quintuplex Melvill, 1927
 * Clavus regius Habe & Murakami, 1970 : synonym of Drillia regia (Habe & Murakami, 1970)
 * Clavus undatus (Hedley, 1907) : synonym of Austroclavus undatus (Hedley, 1907)
 * Clavus viduus (Reeve, 1845) : synonym of Clavus unizonalis (Lamarck, 1822)
 * Species inquirenda:
 * Clavus acuminata : species inquirenda
 * Clavus auriculifera Lamarck : species inquirenda

The Indo-Pacific Molluscan Database adds the following species with names in current use :
 * Clavus siebenrocki (Sturany, 1903)
 * Subgenus Clavus
 * Clavus intermaculatus (E. A. Smith, 1879)