Coelum Stellatum Christianum

The Coelum Stellatum Christianum is a star atlas published in 1627 by Julius Schiller (c. 1580–1627), with the collaboration of Johann Bayer (1572–1625). In the treatise, which was published by Andreas Aperger at Augsburg during the same year as Schiller's death, pagan constellations were replaced with biblical figures and Christian motifs. Schiller replaced the zodiac constellations with the Twelve Apostles, the northern constellations with New Testament figures, and the southern constellations with Old Testament figures.

The planets, the Sun, and the Moon were also replaced by biblical figures:
 * The Sun is replaced by Jesus Christ.
 * The Moon is replaced Mary.
 * Mercury is replaced by Elijah.
 * Venus is replaced by John the Baptist.
 * Mars is replaced by Joshua.
 * Jupiter is replaced by Moses.
 * Saturn is replaced by Adam.

The engravings in the atlas were by Lucas Kilian.

New Testament
In general, New Testament figures and motifs correspond with constellations located to the north of the ecliptic:

Old Testament
In general, Old Testament figures and motifs were applied to constellations to the south of the ecliptic:

Apostles
The twelve zodiac signs were replaced by the Twelve Apostles, with Judas Iscariot excluded and one of the apostles assigned to two zodiac signs: