Coleophora leucochrysella

The chestnut casebearer moth (Coleophora leucochrysella) is a species of moth in the family Coleophoridae. It is endemic to the United States, where it is found in Indiana, Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, and Virginia. It is a highly specialized species, its larvae feed specifically on the leaves of the American Chestnut. It was thought the species became extinct when many American chestnut trees died due to an infection of the fungus Cryphonectria parasitica, which was accidentally introduced from Asia around 1900. However, this species was rediscovered.

Rediscovery
In June of 2020, larval cases were found in Northfield, Massachusetts by Charley Eiseman. When it was searched for elsewhere, it was also found, including larval cases and living moths. It is important to note that the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species has not yet updated its conservation status from extinct.